管道、阀门材料耐腐蚀选型对照表

第53章材料选择铸铁铝356球墨铸铁黄铜碳钢不锈钢303不锈钢316合金20蒙乃尔丁钠橡胶氯丁橡胶尼龙氟橡胶聚四氟乙烯三氯乙烯CACBBBBBADDABA桐油BBBBBAAACABAAA松节油BABBBAAABBDAAA尿素CBCBCBBAAAA漆CACACAAAACAAA与物料接触的内部运动件总是选用A级材料。暴露在腐蚀性物料中的阀体有时可用B级材料，因为这种材料的腐蚀速率从安全角度考虑并不算危险。介质结构材料阀座及密封材料表53─1材料耐蚀性能表(A:优秀B:良好C:中等(多半不适用)D:不推荐使用)本章引用的这些以试验作为基础的资料，迄今仍被认为是可靠的。我们希望由技术熟练的人员使用这些资料并由他们自己作出判断。我们极力主张最好能在实际操作条件下对材料进行试验，以便了解材料在该条件下的腐蚀性介质中的工作性能。表中标记的说明：A─优秀；B─良好；C─中等，多半不适用；D─不推荐使用；空格─缺乏资料数据。表中所有介质除另有注明外，都指在温室情况下本章的内容是指导工程师如何选择用于腐蚀性介质场合的材料。我们不能指望一种材料能耐现代工业中所有物料的腐蚀作用。但是通过试验研究已经发现，一种材料在一定范围内使用是能够令人满意的。由于每种腐蚀性介质对材料的物理性能的影响各不相同，而且有时为了能最大限度地取得某种性能而不可避免地牺牲另一种性能，因而需要使用者决定哪种性能在应用时是主要的。植物油，食用的BABBBAAABABAAA植物油，非食用的BABBBAAABABAAA醋DCDBDAAAADDDA蒸馏水（充气的）DADADAAAAAAAAA淡水CACACAAAAAAAAA海水DBDBDAAAAAAAAA蜡乳浊液BABAAAAAABAAA蜡AAAAAAAAAABAAA威士忌和酒DDDADAAAAAAAAA二甲苯（干的）AAAAAAAAADDABA氯化锌CDCDDDDBBBAAAA亚硫酸氢锌BDBCAAAABAAAAA硫酸锌DDDBDBBBBAAAAA乙醛CBCDCAAAADDBCA醋酸盐溶剂BABAAAAAADDDDA醋酸（充气的）DBDDDAAAACCDDA醋酸（无空气的）DBDBDAAAACCDDA醋酸（粗制的）CBCCCBAAADDDDA醋酸（纯净的）CBCCCBAAADDDDA醋酸（10%）CBCCCBAAADDDDA醋酸（80%）CBCCCBAAADDDDA醋酸酐DBDCDBBBACCDDA丙酮AAAAAAAAADCADA乙炔（干燥的）AAADAAAAAAAAAA丙烯腈CBCAAAAAADDDCA空气AAAAAAAAAAAAAA甲醇，乙醇BABBBAAAAAAAAA戊醇BABBBAAAAAAAAA丁醇BABBBAAAAAAAAA氯化铝（干的）BBBBBCAAABBAAA硫酸铝CBCCCBAAAAAAAA明矾CBCCCBAAAAAAAA胺AAAAAAAAADDADA氨（无水的）BBBDAAAABBBCA氨（含水的）ABADAAAABBBAAA氨水BDBDBAAABBBA碳酸氢铵BBBBCBBBBBAAAA碳酸铵BBBBBBBBBBAABA氯化铵DCDDDCCCBBAAAA氢氧化铵（28%）CCCDCBBBDBAAA氢氧化铵（浓缩）CCCDCBBBDCAAAA磷酸氢二铵DBDDDBBBCAABAA硝酸铵DBDDDAAADAAAAA磷酸铵（二价）DBDCDBBBCAAAAA磷酸铵（三价）DBDCDBBBCAAAAA硫酸铵CBCBCBBBCAAAAA醋酸戊酯CBCBCBBBBDDBDA苯胺CCCCCBBBBDCACA苯胺染料CCCCCAAAACBABA三氯化锑DDDDDDDCBCCAAA苹果汁DBDCDBBAAAAAAA砷酸DDDDDBBBDAAAAA沥青乳浊液ACAAAAAAABBAAA沥青液ACAAAAAAACCAAA碳酸钡BBBBBBBABAAAAA氯化钡CDCBCCCCBAAAAA氢氧化钡BBBBCBBABAAAAA硫酸钡CCCCCBBBAAAAAA硫化钡CCCCCBBBBAAAAA啤酒（酒精工业）CCCBCAAAAAAAAA啤酒（饮料工业）CCCBCAAAAAAA甜菜糖浆BBBABAAAAAAAAA苯BBBBBAAAADDABA苯醛BBBAAAAAADDADA苯酸DDDBDBBBBAAAA硼砂溶液CCCACBBAAAAAAA硼酸DDDBDBBAAAAAAA盐水CCCBCBBBAAAAAA溴（干）DDDADDDDADDBA溴（湿）DDDBDDDDBDDBA船用油（燃料油）BBBBBAAAAABAAA丁二烯BBBCBAAACCCAAA丁烷BBBABAAAAABAAA丁烯AAAAAAAAADDA酪乳DDDDDAAADAAAAA丁酸DDDCDBBABBCACA亚硫酸氢钙DDDBDCBABAAAAA碳酸钙DDDCDBBABAAAAA氯化钙CCCBCCBBAAAAAA氢氧化钙CCCACBBBAAAAAA次氯酸钙DDDDDCCCCBBAAA硫酸钙CCCCCBBBBAAAAA石炭酸DDDBDBBABDDDBA二硫化碳BBBCBBBAADDAAA二氧化碳（干的）BBBAAAAAABBAA碳酸DDDDDBBAAAAAAA四氯化碳（干）BBBCBAAAADDABA四氯化碳（湿）DDDDDBBBBDDABA冲碳酸气的水BBBBBAAAAAAAAA蓖麻油BBBABAAAAABAAA桐油CCCCCAAAAABAAA氯化了的溶剂（干）CCCCCBBBBDDACA氯气（干）BBBCBBBAACCABA氯（湿）DDDDDDDDBDDA氯醋酸DDDCDCCCBDCCA氯苯（干）BBBBBAAAADDAAA三氯甲烷（氯仿）（干的）BBBBBAAAADDABA氯磺酸（干）BBBBBBBAADDA氯磺酸（湿）DDDDDDDDCDDA铬矾BCBCB6A6AABBBA铬酸DCDDDCCCBDDDCA柠檬汁DCDBDBBAAAAAAA椰子油CBCBCBBBBABAAA咖啡汁（热的）CACBCAAAAA焦炉气BABCBAAABBCBA厨用灯油BBBBBAAAAABAAA醋酸铜DCDDDAAACA氯化铜DCDDDCCCCAAAAA硝酸铜DCDDDBBACAAAAA硫酸铜DCDDDBBABAAAAA玉米油CBCBCBBBBABAAA棉子油CBCBCBBBBABAAA杂酚油BABBBBBBADDDAA甲苯基酸DCDCCBBBBDDDBA原油（无硫的）BABBBAAAAABAA原油（含硫的）CACCBAAAAABAA切削润滑油，水乳液BABABAAAABAAA环已烷AAAAAAAAACDAAA双丙酮醇AAAAAAAAADCA柴油机燃料AAAAAAAAAACAAA二乙胺AAAAAAAAABCA导热姆（道生）BABABAAAADDAAA钻孔泥浆BBBBBAAAAAAAAA液滴阀，气体BBBBBAAAACCAA干洗液体BABCBAAABDDABA干性油BCBCCBBBBABAA七水合硫酸镁（泻盐）CACBCBBBBAAAAA乙烷AAAAAAAAAABAAA醚BABBAAAABCCCC醋酸乙酯CACCBBBAADDADA丙烯酸乙酯CCCBCAAABDA氯乙烷（干）BBBBBAAABCCAA氯乙烷（湿）DDDCDBBABCCA乙二醇BABBBBBABAACAA环氧乙烷CABDBBBBBDDADA脂肪酸DBDBDBAABBBAAA氯化铁DDDDDDDCCAAAAA硝酸铁DDDDDCCCCAAAAA硫酸铁DDDDDBBACAAAAA氯化亚铁DDDBDDDDCAAAAA硫酸亚铁DDDBDBBABAAAAA硫酸亚铁（饱和的）CCCCCAAAACCA肥料溶液CBCCBBBBBBBA鱼油BBBBBAAAAABAAA氟（干）DDDDDDDCBC氟硅酸DDDADBBAACA食品流体和糊CACBCAAAABBA甲醛（冷的）BABAAAAAABBAA甲醛（热的）DBDBDCCCBBBAA甲酸（冷的）DDDBDCBBBDADA甲酸（热的）DDDBDCBBBDDA氟利昂（干的）BBBBBAAAACCCA水果汁DBDBDAAAAAAAAA燃料油BABBBAAAAABAAA糠醛BABAAAAAADCADA鞣酸DBDCDBBBBAAAA煤气（人造的）BBBBBBBBAAAAAA煤气（天然的）BBBBBAAAAAAAAA气体臭味鉴定器BABABBBBBBBAAA汽油（加铅的）BABAAAAAACDAAA汽油（不加铅的）BABAAAAAACDAAA汽油（航空的）BABAAAAAACDAAA汽油（发动机的）BABAAAAAACDAAA汽油（含硫的）BABBBAAAACDAAA明胶（动物胶）DADADAAAAAAAAA葡萄糖BABABAAAAAAAAA胶水AAABAAAAAAAAA甘油BABBBAAABAACAA乙二醇BABBBBBABACAA润滑酯AAABAAAABABAA庚烷BABABAABBABAAA乙烷BABBBBBBBACAAA特乙醇AAAAAAAAAA液压油（石油基）BABBAAAAAABAAA氢溴酸DDDDDDDDCCCA盐酸（无空气）DDDDDDDDBBCDA氢氰酸CACDCAAACBDA氢氟酸DDDDDDDCBCDA氢气（冷的）BABBBAAAABA过氧化氢（稀的）DADBDBBBBAAAA过氧化氢（浓的）DADDDBBBBDDA硫化氢（干的）BBBCBBAAACAAAA硫化氢（湿的）DCDDCBBBBCAAAA氢氟硅酸DDDADCCBBAAA王水合硫代亚硫酸钠CBCCDAAABAAAAA次氯酸钠DCDDDCCCBCDAAA腐殖气AAAAAAAAAABAA墨水DBDCDBAABAAAAA碘（湿）DDDDDDDDDBBAAA碘仿CCCCBAAACAAA异辛烷BABAAAAAAACAAA异丙醇BBBBBBBBBCCAAA异丙醚BABAAAAAACCAJP─4喷气机燃料AAAAAAAAAACAAAJP─5喷气机燃料AAAAAAAAAACAAAJP─6喷气机燃料AAAAAAAAAACAAA煤油BABABAAAAACAAA番茄酱DDDDDAAABAAAAA酮类AAAAAAAAADDADA漆（及溶剂）CACACAAAADDADA乳酸（稀、冷）DADDDAAACBADA乳酸（稀、热）DBDDDBAADCCDA乳酸（浓、冷）DCDDDBAADBADA乳酸（浓、热）DCDDDBBADCCDA猪油CACACAAABABAAA醋酸铅DDDCDBBBBAAAAA亚油酸BABBBAAABABAAA亚麻子油AAABAAAABABAAA液化石油气BABABBBBBABAAA润滑油AAABAAAABABAAA硫酸氢镁BBBBBAAABA氯化镁DDDBCBBBBAAAAA氢氧化镁BDBBBAAAAAAAAA氢氧化镁（热）BDBDBAAAABAAAA硫酸镁BBBBBBBBBAAAAA马来酸DBBBBBBBAAAAAA苹果酸DBDBDBBABAAAAA调味酱汁（以蛋黄、橄榄油、柠檬汁或醋混制而成的）DDDDDAAABAAAAA氯化汞DDDDDDDCBAA氰化汞DDDDDAAABA水银ACADAAAABAAAAA甲烷BABABBBBBABAAA醋酸甲酯BABABAAAADDDA甲基丙酮AAAAAAAAADDDA甲胺BABDBAAACA甲基溶纤剂BABABAAABA甲基氯（干的）BDBABBAABCCAA甲基、乙基甲酮AAAAAAAAADDADA甲酸甲酯CCCACBBBBDBA二氯甲烷（干的）BABABAAABDDCA牛奶DADADAAAAAAAAA乳水（酸的）DDDCDBBBBAAAAA矿物油BABBBAAAAABAAA矿物油精BABBBBBBBACAAA混酸（HNO3+H2SO4）(冷)CDCDCBAABDA糖蜜,食用的AAAAAAAAAAAAAA糖蜜、未提炼的AAAAAAAAAAAAAA盐酸（无空气）DDDDDDDDBBBDAA芥子气BBBABAAAAAAAAA石脑油BABBBBBBBACAAA荼BBBBABBBBCDAAA硫酸镍铵DDDDDAAADAA氯化镍DDDDDBBBBAAAAA硝酸镍DCDDDBBBBAAAAA硫酸镍D