XXXX英文写作短时间提高秘籍

Unity•Aparagraphexiststodevelopanidea.Itisimportantthateachparagraphdeveloponespecificideaandnomore.Ifaparagraphdevelopsmorethanoneidea,itfailstohaveunity.Ifitdoesnotdevelopanideaatall,itdoesnotfulfillitsfunction.•Everyparagraphshouldhaveareasonforexisting.Noparagraphshouldbeinwritingjustbecausethewriterthoughtitwastimetoindentagain.Agoodwriterisalwaysabletogiveaspecificreasonforeachparagraphinhiswriting.Unity•Toooftenawriteristemptedtogatherrandomthoughtsintoseveralsentences,indentthem,andcallthemaparagraph.Lookatthefollowingexample.Itbeginsnowhereandgoesnowhere.Ithasnopurpose.Hereishowtheparagraphonamathtestcouldbecomedisunified:Unity•Adisunifiedparagraph:•Ifeelquiteconfidentaboutthemathtestthatisscheduledfortomorrow.Theinstructorhastoldusexactlywhattostudy,andmygradesonhomeworkhavebeengood.Afterthetest,SusanandIaregoingtoeatandthengotoamovie.Sheistakingmeoutbecauseitismybirthday.Lastweekweweregoingtogotothehomecominggame,butshewassickandwedidn’tgettogo.Unity•Ifeelquiteconfidentaboutthemathtestthatisscheduledfortomorrow.(topicsentence)Theinstructorhastoldusexactlywhattostudy,andmygradesonhomeworkhavebeengood.(supportingsentence)Afterthetest,SusanandIaregoingtoeatandthengotoamovie.(topicsentence)•Sheistakingmeoutbecauseitismybirthday.(supportingsentence)Lastweekweweregoingtogotothehomecominggame,butshewassickandwedidn’tgettogo.(topicsentence)Unity•Theparagraphhasnounitybecauseithasnosingletopic.Itbeginswithamathtestanddraftsintothreedifferentthings:•(1)themathtest•(2)hisupcomingdatewithSusan•(3)themisseddatelastweek•Eachofthesetopicsmightbedevelopedintoaparagraphorevenacompletestory,butallthreecertainlydonotbelongtogetherinoneparagraph.Unity•Aunifiedparagraph•Ifeelquiteconfidentaboutthemathtestthatisscheduledfortomorrow.Theinstructorhastoldusexactlywhattostudy,andmygradesonhomeworkhavebeengood.Infact,IsupposethatmathhasalwaysbeenoneofthesubjectsthatIenjoythemost.Ihavealreadyspenttwohoursreviewingpages115-140.TonightSusanandIwilldevoteanotherhourortwotopracticingwithsomeofthesamplesproblems.ThenIwillbeready.Unity•Whyisthisparagraphunified?•Unlikethefirsteffort,thisparagraphisnowunifiedbecauseeachofthefivesupportingsentencescanbedirectlylinkedwiththecontrollingidea.Unity•Theunityofparagraphwouldbedestroyedbyinsertinganysentencethatisnotrelatedtothekeyword(s)inthetopicsentence.•Thisiswhywritingatopicsentenceisagoodidea.Onceyouhavewrittendownthemainidea,youcanbecertainthateveryothersentencesupports,developsorexplainsthatidea.Thecontrollingideaisusuallyindicatedbyasinglewordoraphraseinthetopicsentence,whichisknownasthekeyword(s).•Inthesampleparagraph,thekeywordisconfident.Alldetailsarepresentedtosupport,develop,andexplainthestudent’sconfidence.Unity•Exercises•Identifyandunderlinethetopicsentencesoftheparagraphbelow.•Anelectroniccomputercangatherawiderangeofinformationformanypurpose,onceitisgivenaprogram.Forthescientistitcangetinformationfromouterspaceorfromthedepthoftheocean.Inbusinessandindustrythecomputerpreparesfactoryinventories,keepstrackofsalestrendsandproductionneeds,mailsdividendchecks,andmakesoutcompanypayrolls.Itcankeepbankaccountsuptodateandmakeoutelectricbills.Ifyouareplanningatripbyplane,thecomputerwillfindoutwhatrouttotakeandwhatspaceisavailable.Unity•Exercise•Analyzeandmakecommentsonthestructureofthefollowingparagraph,oryouanswerthefollowingthreequestions:•A.Isthereanytopicsentenceintheparagraph?•B.Whichwordisthekeywordcontainedintopicsentence?•C.Isthisparagraphunified?Unity•Whales•Whalesareamongthemostintelligentmammalsevertoinhabittheearth.Scientistsstudyingwhalesratetheirintelligenceonalevelwithhigherprimatesbecauseoftheircomplexgroupbehavior.Forexample,theseimpressivemammalshavebeenseenteachinganddiscipliningtheiryoung,helpingwoundedfellowwhales,andplayingindefinitegamelikepatterns.Whalescontinuallyneedtosearchforfoodinordertosurvive.Asfishpopulationdecreasesbecauseofoverfishing,thewhale’squestforfoodbecamemoredifficult.unity•Thisparagraphisnotunifiedbecauseitbeginswithwhaleintelligenceanddraftsintofoodproblems.Whenyouwriteaparagraph,youshouldstayonthetracksetbyyourtopicsentence.•Acoherentandunifiedparagraphshouldbewrittenasfollows:Unity•Whalesareamongthemostintelligentcreaturesevertoinhabittheearth.Scientistsstudyingwhalesratetheirintelligenceonalevelwithhigherprimatesbecauseoftheircomplexgroupbehavior.Forexample,thesehugeandimpressivemammalshavebeenseenteachinganddiscipliningtheiryoung,helpingwoundedfellowwhalesandplayingindefinitegamelikepatterns.Theyareabletocoordinatecomplexgroupactivitiesbecauseoftheirapparentlyeffectivecommunicationssystemofsonarclicksandpings.Allinall,scientificevidenceshowsthatwhaleshaveahighorderofsocialorganization.Transitionalwords•Oncetheparagraphhasstatedthecentral,controllingidea,thesupportingsentencesinthewritingmustbelinkedtogethersothatthereadercanconnecteachideatotheprecedingonewithease.Thewriterusestransitionalwordsorphrasestomaketheseconnectionintheparagraphclearlyandsmoothly.Rememberthattransitionalhelptoformbridgesfromoneideatoanotherandfromoneparagraph