情态动词ppt.ppt

1Chapter5.5ModalVerbItrepresentsthespeaker'sattitudetowardssomeactionorstate.Ithasmeaningitself,butitcan'tbeusedaspredicateseparately.Ithasnochangeofpersonsandnumbers.1．can(1)ability(表示能力)=beabletoThetheatrecanseat2500people.Wecanusethecomputernow.(2)possibility(可能性)Amoresuitablebookcan'tbefoundhere.Hecanbeathomenow.2(3)permission=mayCanIcomein?Youcangonow.(4)surprise.doubt.etc.Whatcanhemean?(惊异)Howcanyoubesocareless?(惊疑)3Can/beabletoTheyarethesameinmeaning.ButbeabletohasmoreformsoftenseswhilecanhasonlypastformNoonecandoit.=beabletoWillyoubeabletocometonight?Iamsorry.Ihaven'tbeenabletoansweryourletter.42.Could(1)thepastformofcanCouldyoufollowhertalk?(ability)Sheaskedwhethershecouldtakethebooksoutoftheroom.(possibility)Wherecouldtheybenow?(doubt)(2)showrespectorkindnesstoothersCouldyouhelpme?5Icouldcomeearlier,ifnecessary.I'mafraidwecouldn'tgiveyouananswertoday.(3)inthesentenceofunrealconditionIwouldhelpyouifIcould.Ifyouhadworkedharder,youcouldhavepassedtheexam.63.May(1)askforsuggestionMayIaskyouaquestion?Youmaytakethisseatifyoulike.Note:whenweanswerthequestionMayI......,we'dbetternotusemaytoanswertoavoidimpolitenessMayIsmokehere?----certainly,ofcourse…----pleasedon't.No,youmustn't…7(2)possibility.itisoftenusedindeclarativesentence.Youmaywalktenmileswithoutseeingahouse.Shemaynotbetheretoday.(3)ItisoftenusedintheclausesofpurposeorconcessionWritetohimatoncesothathemayknowitintime.8Trytoencourageher,sothatshemaysucceedinherexperiment.Althoughprogrammaybelow,itissure.(4)mayisusedinsubjunctivemood,meaningwishMayyousucceed!Maythatdaycomesoon.94.Might(1)thepastformofwayHeaskedifhemightborrowthebook.Shewasafraidtheymightnotliketheidea.(2)=may(showrespectorkindness)Youmighthavesomefever.Mr.Linmightwanttocontactyou.10(3)intheadverbialclauseofpurposeorconcession----Hesaidhewouldn'tchangehismindwhatevertheymightsay.----Heworkedhard,sothathemight/couldgetgoodgrade.----Hecouldnotconvincethem,tryashemight.11(4)inthesubjunctivemoodIfhewerehereyoumightgetsomehelpfromhim.Shemighthavelearntmoreifshehadmadebetteruseofhertime.Note:inoralpractice,weoftenusecouldinsomesentences.CouldIsmokehere?mightI....?CanIhelpyou?Yesterdaywecouldonlystayforafewminutes.125.Must(1)besuretodosomething.必须Wemustdoeverythingwell.Youmustn'ttalklikethat.Mustwehandinourplanthisweek?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't.13(2)must(pastform)HetoldmeImustbethereat5.Hesaidwemustwaitalittlewhile.(3)guessThismustbeyourroom.Theremustbeamistake.14(4)musthaveto区别1.haveto,must‘必须’时意思接近Thatnightwemust/havetogeteverythingready2.must强调主观看法haveto客观需要Imusttidyuptheroom.主Ihavetotidyuptheroom.客Youmustbebackbyten.Youhavetobebackbyten.153.haveto可用于多种时态，而must只用于现在和过去时Wehadtobethereatten.We'llhavetoreconsiderthewholething.Bythattimewehadhadtostayathome.166.Ought(1)somethingthatoughttobedone=shouldOughtto语气更强Weoughttohelpeachotherinourwork.Yououghtnottowritesocarelessly,Oughtn'twetogivehimachancetotry?Hesaidsuchathingoughtnottobeallowedtohappen.17(2)somethingthatislikelytohappen.Ifwestartrightnow,weoughttobeabletogetthereintime.Thereisafinesunset,itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.(3)表示揣测Heoughttogonow.Theyoughttoarrivetherebynow.187.Need(1)Itisoftenusedinnegativeorinterrogativesentences.Needyougososoon?SoIneedn'ttellhim,needI?Weneedn'thurry?NeedIcome?Yes,youmust.Ihardlyneedsayhowmuchwemissedyou.Idon'tthinkyouneedworry.19(2)ItcanalsobeusedastransitiveV,itcanfollowinfinitive.Weneedtoknowsomethingaboutit.Thequestionneedstobediscussed.Theydidn'tneedtogo.Doseheneedtostayhere?208.Dare(1)Itisthesameasneed.itisoftenusedinnegativeorinterrogativesentences.Sometimeintheadverbialclauseofcondition.Dareyougohomealone？Hedaren'tevenlookout.Howdaredtheydosuchathing?Noonedaredspeakofitinthepast.Iscarcelydaretothinkofit,21(2)dare+其它(transitiveV)Thegirldidn'tdaretogohome.Ihaveneverdaredtotellhimaboutit.Iwonderhowhedaredtosaysuchathing.Nobodywoulddaretosuspecthim.(3)Idaresay,don'tyoudare.IdaresaywhatIdidyesterday.Don'tyoudaregoout?229.shall.Modalverb(1)askforsuggestionShallIturnonthelight?Whatshallwedrink?Shallhecometoseeyou?(2)Inthedeclarativesentence,whichrepresentspermission,warning,order,determination,etc.Thenyoushallcome.(order)Don'tworry.Youshallgettheanswerthisveryafternoon.(permission)23Younaughtyboy,youshallgetwhatyoudeserve.(warning)Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingoutthisplan.(determination)(3)Inobjectiveclauseorsubjectiveclause,itsmeaningisshouldItisdecidedthataspecialcommitteeshallseetothismatter.Shedesiresthatitshallnotbementionedforthepresent.2410.Will(1)intheinterrogativesentence,itisthesameasshall,whichrepresentsrequest,orinvitation.Won'tyoutakeoffyourcoat?Willyoutypethis,please?(2)Inthedeclarativesentence,Itmeansintention.Iwillnevertalkaboutthatagain.Amanwhowon'tworkisnogood.25(3)frequentaction=wouldNomatterwhatyoumaysay,hewillalwayssticktohisownviews.Whensheisintrouble,shewillasktheteacherforadvice.(4)揣测“大概”Thiswillbethehouseyouarelookingfor.