省略句ppt

Ellipsis为了避免重复，在句子中有时就省去了一个或几个句子成分。这种语法手段就称为省略，不产生歧异。I.简单句中的省略1.在口语中--Howisyourmothertoday?--(Sheis)Muchbetter.(Isthere)Anythingwrong?•—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?•—________herbicycle.•A.AsshelostB.Lost•C.LosingD.Becauseoflosing•LosingherbicyclemadeMarysoupset•2.在祈使句中•(You)Openthedoor,please.(You’d)Bettertakeanunbrella.•3.在感叹句中•Whata(good)boy(heis)!•Whatafineday(itis)!4固定短语中介词的省略havetrouble(in)doingbebusy(in)doingsth.prevent/stop…(from)doing…spendtime(in)doing注意：后两个结构中，在被动语态中，from、in不能省略Hewaspreventedfromgoingoutalone.•5.动词不定式的省略•1)Sheaskedmetodancewithher,butIdidn’twantto(dancewithher).•--Willyougowithme?•--Well,I’dliketo(gowithyou).•总结：1.为避免重复,常省略上文已提到的动词原形,只保留不定式符号to:这类动词有:expect,forget,hope,intend,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish,wouldlike,like和love等.2）Ireallydidn’twanttogotherewithhim,butIhadto(gotherewithhim).总结：在某些情态动词短语或助动词短语haveto,need,oughtto,begoingto,usedto等后省略动词.•3）—Willyoujoininourdiscussion?•—I’llbegladto•(joininyourdiscussion).在某些形容词delighted,glad,happy,pleased等后省略to后面的动词.•—Aren’tyouthemanager？•—No,andI________.•A.don’twantto•B.don’twanttobe•C.don’twantbe•D.don’twant•若不定式中带有be,have，havebeen等,通常保留be,have，havebeen.•—Areyouateacher?•—No,butIusedtobe•(ateacher).•Johndidn’tcome,butheoughttohave(come).•1.——Haveyouwateredtheflowers?•——No,but__________.•A.IamB.I’mgoing•C.I’mjustgoingtoD.Iwillgo•2.——Hehasn’tgonetotheofficeuptonow.•——Well,he__________.•A.shouldB.oughtto•C.oughttogoD.oughttohave•.(★★★★)—Youshouldhavethankedherbeforesheleft.•—Imeant________,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn’tfindheranywhere.(2002年上海春季)•A.todoB.to•C.doingD.doingsoBII.并列句中的省略•Shewaspoorbut(shewas)honest.•Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.•在由and,but,or连接的两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。III.复合句中的省略•（一）状语从句的省略•1.When(youare)crossingtheroad,you'dbetterlookatbothsides.•Thelittlegirlbegantocrywhen•(shewas)askedbythepolice.Unless(Iam)invited，Iwillnotgo.1.如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语部分有be动词，则可以将从语中的主语及be动词一起省略。•2.Pleasetrytofinishyourhomeworkbyyourselfif(itis)possible.•We’llhavetheoldhousepulleddownwhen(itis)necessary.•2.当状语从句的主语与谓语是itis、itwas时，常被省略。这种结构通常为：if（itis）possible,when（itis）necessary等1.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen________atthemeetingbymyboss.(NMET2004全国卷IV)A.questioningB.havingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestionedbutItoldaliewhen（Iwas）questionedatthemeetingbymyboss•2.When________,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.(NMET2002上海春)•A.completedB.completing•C.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted•Whenthemuseumiscompleted•3Whenfirst________tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.(NMET2004全国卷II)•A.introducingB.introduced•C.introduceD.beingintroduced•4..Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.(NMET2003上海春)•AinvitedB.inviting•C.beinginvitedD.havinginvited•While________forthebus,Imetanoldfriendofmine.•A.waitedB.waiting•C.waitD.towait•（二）定语从句的省略•1.Thefirstaid(that)helearnedatschoolsavedMsSlade’slife.•Heistheman(that/who/whom)youcandependon.•1.定语从句的关系代词that/which/who在从句中作宾语时可省略•2.Theway(that/inwhich)shedidthingsreallyimpressedus.•Isthistheway(that/inwhich)healwayslooksatproblems?•2.当先行词为表方式的theway时，从句用that/inwhich引导，that/inwhich也常被省略•Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut________hesaidit.(NMET2004湖北卷)•A.thewayB.inthewaythat•C.inthewayD.thewaywhich•（三）宾语从句中的省略••1.Weallknow(that)lighttravelsfasterthansound.•Ihope(that)you’llbefinesoon.•1.引导宾语从句的连词that常被省略•2.•a.—Doyoubelieveourteamwillwin?•—Iguessso•—Iguessnot(yourteamwillnotwin).•b.—Doyouthinkitwillrain?•—Ihopeso(itwillrain).•—Ihopenot(thatitwillnotrain).(yourteamwillwin).•2.so与not的替代性用法•在I’mafraid,Ithink,Ibelieve,Ihope,Iguess,Iexpect,Isuppose,等开头的作答句中,其后的宾语从句可以省略,用so或not替代•若从句为肯定句，就用so代替。•但绝不能用it或that。•若从句为否定句，有两种表达•一用not代替如Ithinknot.•二：用“主语+助动词的否定形式+think,believe…+so.”如：Idon’tthinkso•记忆(thesbag)•1.(★★★★)—Tomfelldownfromtheladder.Ithinkhisrightlegisbroken.•—Oh,I________.•A.hopenottoB.hopenot•C.hopenotsoD.don’thopeso•温馨提示•hope和guess肯定用so,但是从句为否定时，只能用于“主语+hope/guess+not”结构.•—Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame?•—_____,forIhavesomethingimportanttoattendto.(08福建)•A.IwillB.I’dloveto•C.Iwon’tD.I’mafraidnot•—Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainovertheweekend?•—________.•A.Idon’tbelieve•B.Idon’tbelieveit•C.Ibelievenotso•D.Ibelievenot•—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?•—________herbicycle.•A.AsshelostB.Lost•C.LosingD.Becauseoflosing