表语及表语从句

表语&表语从句Lyneisanexcellentstudent.表语主语连系动词Ⅰ.Definition（定义）表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。Eg.（例子）①Thepersonstoodinfrontofyoujustnowismyheadmaster.②Ididn’tknowthatitwasyouatthattime.③Thedoorremainedclosed.④Mary’sdailyjobiscleaningthehouse.名词充当表语代词充当表语动词过去分词充当表语动词-ing形式充当表语⑤Thehouseisnotonlylargebutalsobeautiful.⑥WhenIwenttoyourhouse,youwereout.⑦Noonewasinthedorm,whenshearrived.⑧MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.⑨Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathisclockdidn’twork.介词短语充当表语副词充当表语形容词充当表语不定式充当表语从句充当表语Ⅱ.Position(位置)表语常位于系动词（be等词）之后，与主语共同构成主--系--表结构(Subject-Predicativestructure)的句子。Ⅲ.LinkingVerbs(连系动词)除动词be以外，还有一些后面可接表语的特殊连系动词，如：look,smell,taste,sound,feel,fall,come,go（变成…）,become,grow（渐渐地变化）,turn(变成，一般用于颜色),appear,seem,get,keep,remain,stay等。Ⅳ.Notes1.上面提到的动词，不总是用作连系动词。2.代词充当表语时，通常用代词的宾格形式。3.选择时，区分该用动词过去分词、动词-ing形式还是动词的不定式充当表语：主语是动作的发出者，并且动作在持续进行时，用动词-ing形式；主语是承受者时，用动词过去分词；而当动作是主语要执行的多用不定式。Eg.Sheremainedthereforagoodhour,whichsurprisedeveryone.令所有人吃惊的是，她一直在那站了很长时间。A.tostandB.standC.stoodD.standingDⅤ.ThePredicativeClause(表语从句)由一个句子充当句子的表语,这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释，是主语的内容具体化。相当于一个名词。2.连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what等引导从句。Eg.Guilinisnotwhatitusedtobe.Whatshewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.1.从属连词:that,whether/if(是否)引导从句。Eg.Thetroubleisthathehasneverdonetheworkbefore.Thequestioniswhetherweshouldaskthemforhelp.可以充当表语从句引导词的有：3.连接副词：when,where,why,how引导从句时，它们本身有词义，既起连接从句的作用，又在从句中充当状语成分，修饰谓语动词。Eg.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.Thatiswhyhedidn’tpasstheexam.4.用asif/asthough引导，如：Eg.Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。除that,whether外的所有引导词都必须在从句中充当相应的成分。.表语从句引导词两大特点：Exercises1.—Whoisknockingatthedoor？—It’s__.A.IB.thisC.meD.my2.Heisanoldmanwholooks__.A.healthB.friendlyC.friendD.pleasantly3.Theygotso__atthegoodnewsthattheyburstintocheers.A.exciteB.excitingC.excitedlyD.excitedCBD4.Itisbelievedthatifabookis___,itwillsurely___thereaders.A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest5.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s___youleftit.A.wherethereB.therewhereC.thereD.where6.Hewalkeduptothebed,infrontofwhich___twostrangecases.A.wasB.wereC.areD.hadbeenDDB