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‘Hedeservestobevaluedasarealman,acarefulthinker,agoodpoet.'——KilmerFatherofHumanismFrancescoPetrarcaFrancescoPetrarca(20July1304–19July1374),knowninEnglishasPetrarch,wasanItalianscholarandpoet,andoneoftheearliesthumanists.PetrarchisoftencalledtheFatherofHumanism.PetrarchwouldbelaterendorsedasamodelforItalianstylebytheAccademiadellaCrusca.Petrarch'ssonnetswereadmiredandimitatedthroughoutEuropeduringtheRenaissanceandbecameamodelforlyricalpoetry.HeisalsoknownforbeingthefirsttodeveloptheconceptoftheDarkAges.FrancescoPetrarcaTheExperience1302:October,Petrarch‘sfatherisexhiledfromFlorencetogetherwithDante(但丁).1304:July20th,PetrarchisborninArezzo(southofFlorence).1305:ThefamilymovestoIncisa,sohespenthischildhoodthere.1312:FamilymovestoAvignon.ButbecauseitisnowthehomeofthePopethereisnohousingandthefamilylivesinCarentras,asmalltownjustoutsidethecity.1319:Petrarch'smotherdies.1320:PetrarchgoestoBolognatostudylawwithGherardo.Petrarchdespisestheuntruthfulnessoflaw.1326:Petrarch'sfatherdiesandhereturnstoAvignon.Studyinglawwashisfather'swishandnowwithhisdeathPetrarchabandonsit.1327:April6th,seesLauraforthefirsttimeinthechurchofSainte-Claired'Avignon.1336:PetrarchclimbsMountVentoux.PetrarchbeginstowriteIlCanzonieresometimebetween1336and1338.1337:Petrarch'sfirstchild,Giovanniisborn.1338:PetrarchbeginstowriteAfrica.1340:PetrarchreceivedanofferforapoeticcrowningfromtheuniversityofParisandthesenateinRomeatthesametime;heacceptsRome'soffer.1341:PetrarchiscrownedpoetlaureateinRomeonEasterSunday(April8th)byOrsodell'Anguillara,aromannoble.1348:April6th,Lauradies.EitherfromtheBlackPlaguethatsameyearAvignonsuffereditsworstepidemicorofcinsumption,followingapulmonarytuberculosis(肺炎)resultingfromelevenchildbirths.71350:PetrarchandGiovanniBoccaccio(薄伽丘)meetforthefirsttime.TravelstoRomeforthejubileeYear.1352:BeginstowriteITrionfiaseriesofItalianpoemsinspiredbyhisloveforLaura.1373:PetrarchfinishesIlCanzoniere.Thefirstpartcontains263poemswrittenduringLaura'slifetimeandthesecondpartcontains103poemswrittenafterherdeath.Atotalof366,somesaysomepoemtorepresenteachdayoftheyear.1374:July19-PetrarchisfounddeadbyhisdaughterFrancesca,slumpedoverhisdeskasheworkedonyetanothergreatwork.Asonewriterputit;Hediedwithapeninhishand,andLaurainhisheart.2020/11/26PetrarchVSDante2020/11/26Theyhavemanycommonpoints1.BorninFlorence2.Downfallennoblefamily3.Startexile13024.Fulloftalent5.BecomethegreatpoetinRenaissance6.Diedatforeignland7.Havealovewithoutresultintheiryouth8.Beopenedthegatesofinspirationbytheimpossiblelove.2020/11/26DantewasborninFlorence,Italy,1265.PetrarchwasbornintheTuscancityofArezzoin1304.2020/11/26TheWhiteGuelphs(GuelfiBianchi)—Dante'sparty,ledbyVierideiCerchiTheWhiteswantingmorefreedomfromRomeTheBlackGuelphs(GuelfiNeri),TheBlackssupportingthePopeand2020/11/26theNEWLIFEtheSONGBOOK2020/11/26lovestory2020/11/26AfterPetrarchgaveuphisvocationasapriest,thesightofawomancalledLaurainthechurch.LauramayhavebeenLauradeNoves,thewifeofCountHuguesdeSade.ThereislittledefiniteinformationinPetrarch'sworkconcerningLaura,exceptthatsheislovelytolookat,fair-haired,withamodest,dignifiedbearing.LauraandPetrarchhadlittleornopersonalcontact.AccordingtohisSecretum,sherefusedhimfortheveryproperreasonthatshewasalreadymarriedtoanotherman.﹢laura2020/11/26DantesaysthathefirstmetBeatricePortinari,daughterofFolcoPortinari,atagenine,andheclaimstohavefalleninloveatfirstsight,apparentlywithoutevenspeakingtoher.Hesawherfrequentlyafterage18,oftenexchanginggreetingsinthestreet,butheneverknewherwell;ineffect,hesetanexampleofso-calledcourtlylove.2020/11/26Beatricewasdiedofillnessattheageof25Laurawasdiedoftheblackdeathin13482020/11/26Theyaredifferent1.Theattitudeoflover'sdeath2.Theirdefinitionoflove3.Thebelive2020/11/26ForPetrarchLaura'sdeathisaheavyheartattack.ForDanteBeatrice'sdeathisaelevationofspirit.Shebecamehisgod,leddinghimupwardtowardtheheavens.2020/11/26ForDante:Pursuitofthelady'sfavorhasbecomeatest,notjustofnobility,butofvirtue.Herbeautyisperfect,thefullestpossibleexamplingofnature'spowertorevealGod'screativelove.Lauraistooholytobepainted;sheisanawe-inspiringgoddess.SensualityandpassionaresuggestedratherbytherhythmandmusicthatshapethevaguecontoursoftheladyLove2020/11/26ForPetrarch:Heonlywanttopersueacommonnaturallove.2020/11/26beliefDanteItwillgivepepleasettledlifewhichchurchcooperatewithpowerfulRomanEmpire.PetrarchHenevertrustthechurch.Hebelivethatpowerfulgovernmentcanbringpeoplehappiness.彼得拉克是多情善感的人如果不多情,又怎么能够一生只爱一个人,就是在情人死后,依然缅怀不止?如果不多情,怎么可能做到见一个爱一个,甚至家里的女佣人都不放过。如果不善感?他们又怎么能够为我们留下那些脍炙人口的诗篇?呈现出许多生活细节和情感细腻深切的体验。这是不是诗人的悲哀?
本文标题:彼特拉克Francesco-Petrarca
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