《芙蓉镇》《李伯大梦》开头翻译

景物翻译《芙蓉镇》开头原文：芙蓉镇坐落在湘、粤、桂三省交界的峡谷平坝里，古来为商旅歇宿、豪杰聚义、兵家必争的关隘要地。有一溪一河两条水路绕着镇子流过，流出镇口里把路远就汇合了，因而三面环水，是个狭长半岛似的地形。从镇里出发，往南过渡口，可下广东；往西去，过石拱桥，是一条通向广西的大路。不晓得是哪朝哪代，镇守这里的山官大人施行仁政，或者说是附庸风雅图个县志州史留名，命人傍着绿豆色的一溪一河，栽下了几长溜花枝招展、绿荫拂岸的木芙蓉，成为一镇的风水；又派民夫把后山脚下的大片沼泽开掘成方方湖塘，遍种水芙蓉，养鱼，采莲，产藕，作为山官衙门的“官产”。每当湖塘水芙蓉竞开，或是河岸上木芙蓉斗艳的季节，这五岭山脉腹地的平坝，便颇是个花柳繁华之地、温柔富贵之乡了。木芙蓉根、茎、花、皮，均可入药。水芙蓉则上结莲子，下产莲藕，就连它翠绿色的铜锣一样圆圆盖满湖面的肥大叶片，也可让蜻蜓立足，青蛙翘首，露珠儿滴溜；采摘下来，还可给远行的脚夫包中伙饭菜，做荷叶麦子粑子，盖小商贩的生意担子，遮赶圩女人的竹篮筐，被放牛娃儿当草帽挡日头……一物百用，各各不同。小河、小溪、小镇，因此得名“芙蓉河”、“玉叶溪”、“芙蓉镇”。译文：FurongTownislocatedinPingbacanyonwhichisHunan,Guangdong,Guangxiprovinces’commonborder.Ithasbeenanimportantdowntownandstrongholdfromancienttimes.Thereareastreamandariverrunningaroundthistown.Andtheygettogetherseveralmilesawayfromthetown.Forthetownissurroundedbywater,itlookslikealongandnarrowpeninsula.Insouthofthetown,thereisawharffromwhichyoucouldgettoGuangdongprovince.Inwestofthetown,thereisastonebridgeandaroadleadstoGuangxiprovince.Manycottonrosehibiscuseswereplantedalongthestreamandriver.Thosebogsbehindthetownwerechangedintolakesinwhichfragrantmarshweedherbswereplanted.Fishandlotusrootsalsogrowintheselakes.TheywereregardedasspecialtiesofFurongTown.Intheseasonoftheburstofflowers,Pingbawillbetheseaofflowerandlandofwealthy.Theroots,stems,flowersandskinsofthecottonroseshibiscusescanbeusedasmedicines.Themarshweedherbscanbeeatenasfoods,anditsbigleavescanbeusedtoshelterfromthesun.Forthesereasons,FurongTowngetsitsname.RipWanWinkle原文：WhoeverhasmadeavoyageuptheHudsonmustremembertheCatskill(卡兹基尔)Mountains.TheyareadismemberedbranchofthegreatAppalachian(阿巴拉契亚)family,andareseenawaytothewestoftheriver,swelling(隆起)uptoanobleheight,andlordingitoverthesurroundingcountry.Everychangeofseason,everychangeofweather,indeed,everyhouroftheday,producessomechangeinthemagicalhues(色调)andshapesofthesemountains,andtheyareregardedbyallthegoodwives,farandnear,asperfectbarometers(晴雨表).Whentheweatherisfair(晴朗)andsettled(稳定的),theyareclothedinblueandpurple,andprinttheirbold(陡峭的)outlinesonthecleareveningsky;butsometimes,whentherestofthelandscapeiscloudless,theywillgatherahoodofgrayvapors(水汽)abouttheirsummits(峰顶）,which,inthelastraysofthesettingsun,willglowandlightuplikeacrownofglory.Atthefootofthesefairymountainsthevoyagermayhavedescriedthelightsmokecurling（弯曲）upfromavillagewhoseshingleroofsgleamamongthetrees,justwherethebluetints（色彩）oftheuplandmeltawayintothefreshgreenofthenearerlandscape.Itisalittlevillageofgreatantiquity（古老）,havingbeenfoundedbysomeoftheDutchcolonists,intheearlytimesoftheprovince,justaboutthebeginningofthegovernmentofthegoodPeterStuyvesant(mayherestinpeace!),andthereweresomeofthehousesoftheoriginalsettlersstandingwithinafewyears,withlattice（格子框架）windows,gable（山形墙）frontssurmounted（登上）withweathercocks,andbuiltofsmallyellowbricksbroughtfromHolland.Inthatsamevillage,andinoneoftheseveryhouses(which,totelltheprecisetruth,wassadlytime-wornandweather-beaten),therelivedmanyyearssince,whilethecountrywasyetaprovinceofGreatBritain,asimple,good-naturedfellow,ofthenameofRipVanWinkle.HewasadescendantoftheVanWinkleswhofiguredsogallantly（勇敢的）inthechivalrous（有骑士风度的）daysofPeterStuyvesant,andaccompaniedhimtothesiege（困扰）ofFortChristina.Heinherited,however,butlittleofthemartial（好战的）characterofhisancestors.Ihaveobservedthathewasasimple,good-naturedman;hewas,moreover,akindneighborandanobedient（顺从的）,henpecked（惧内的）husband.Indeed,tothelattercircumstancemightbeowingthatmeekness（温和）ofspiritwhichgainedhimsuchuniversalpopularity;forthosemenaremostapt（倾向于）tobeobsequious（奉承的）andconciliating（安慰）abroadwhoareunderthedisciplineofshrews（悍妇）athome.Theirtempers,doubtless,arerendered（表达）pliant（柔韧的）andmalleable（韧性的）inthefiery（激烈的）furnace（熔炉）ofdomestictribulation（艰苦）,andacurtainlectureisworthallthesermons（布道）intheworldforteachingthevirtuesofpatienceandlong-suffering.Atermagant（悍妇）wifemay,therefore,insomerespects,beconsideredatolerableblessing;andifso,RipVanWinklewasthrice（十分）blessed.译文：任何到过哈德逊河旅行的人一定会记得卡兹基尔山脉。它们是庞大的阿巴拉契亚山脉的一个分支。它们在哈德逊河西边，看起来离哈德逊河很远。卡兹基尔山脉高大巍峨，俯瞰周围山村。每次季节的变化，每个天气的变化，事实上是一天中的每个小时，这座山脉的色调和形态都会随之变化。因此，卡兹基尔山脉被远近的家庭主妇们视作最好的晴雨表：当天气晴朗稳定时，山脉呈现蓝色和紫色，并在傍晚的天空中映出陡峭的形状。但有时候，当天空万里无云时，山顶会聚集灰色的水汽，在落日的余晖中就像闪闪发光的皇冠。旅行者们可能会说这些发光缭绕的烟云是来自山脚的一个山村。它们屋顶烟囱放出的烟雾在树木间漂浮，就像天空的蓝色融入了附近的鲜绿色背景中。这是一个荷兰殖民者在该州早期建立的古老村落。就和彼得·史蒂文森（没准已经长眠了）一样古老。一些早期移民们的屋子在这里矗立了好几年，它们由从荷兰运来的黄色小砖建成，有格子窗和安装风向标的山形墙。许多年前，当该州还是大不列颠的一个行省时，在这座山村一座座别致的房子（准确的说是破旧和饱受风吹雨打的房子）中的一座里，住着一个普通，善良的人，他叫瑞普·凡·温克尔。他是凡·温克尔家族的后代。他们在具有骑士风范的彼得·史蒂文森时代表现的十分英勇。但他几乎没有继承祖先好战的个性。就像我说的，他是个普通善良的人。除此以外，他还是个好邻居，一个顺从的惧内的丈夫：他一直被福特·克里斯蒂娜所困扰。事实上，可能正是由于他对妻子的唯唯诺诺养成了他与人为善的性格。这一点给他赢来了不少好名声，因为人们总倾向于奉承和安慰那种被悍妇严加管教的人。毫无疑问，他们的性格在炽热的家庭熔炉中被锻造的富有韧，更何况枕边风比世上任何布道都更擅长教授耐心和容忍的价值。一个悍妇，从某种程度上说算是一种祝福，这样，瑞普·凡·温克尔就是十分“幸运的”。