基于单片机的智能水平仪设计

理工大学学士学位论文I摘要电子水平仪是一种非常普遍的测量小角度的量具。用它可测量对于水平位置的倾斜度。基于传感器、数字信号处理、单片机技术的数字水平仪是当前倾角测试仪器数字化发展的方向。本毕业设计就是采用STC89C52单片机和ADI公司生产的三轴加速度传感器ADXL345相结合，利用ADXL345三轴加速度传感器感应水平倾角，通过单片机的控制以及运算将倾角以数值的形式直接在LCD显示屏上进行显示、处理，从而使角度测量变得方便、快捷，实现了倾角的高精度测量。通过ADXL345三轴加速度传感器原理，提出了使用软件和硬件结合的自动校正技术进行测量角度，最大限度简化了电路，提高了系统的稳定性和可靠性。通过对本课题的研究，让我对水平仪有了一定的了解，在未来水平仪将在建筑方面起着重要作用，并且随着时代发展，水平仪对角度的测量将越来越精细，随着光学应用领域的不断扩展，也相应的产生了一些基于光电原理的光电式水平仪和激光式水平仪，光电原理的应用将是未来水平仪的发展方向。关键词：智能水平仪；单片机；ADXL345；角度理工大学学士学位论文IIAbstractElectroniclevelgaugeisaverycommonsmallanglemeasurement.Measurementforthehorizontalpositionoftheinclinationtouseit.Basedonthedigitallevelsensor,digitalsignalprocessing,computertechnologyisthecurrentdevelopmentofdigitalinstrumenttilttestinginstrumentinthedirectionof.ThisgraduationdesignistheuseofthreeaxisaccelerometerADXL345microcontrollerSTC89C52andADIcompanyproductionofcombination,usingtheADXL345threeaxisaccelerationsensorlevelangle,processingthroughtheMCUcontrolandoperationwilldipinnumericalformdirectlyintheLCDscreendisplay,,sothattheanglemeasuringisconvenient,quick,realizehighprecisionmeasurementofangle.TheprincipleoftheADXL345threeaxisaccelerometer,andproposestousethecombinationofhardwareandsoftwareoftheautomaticcalibrationtechniqueformeasuringtheangle,themaximumsimplifiesthecircuit,improvesthestabilityandreliabilityofthesystem.ThisgraduationdesignistheuseofthreeaxisaccelerometerADXL345microcontrollerSTC89C52andADIcompanyproductionofcombination,usingtheADXL345threeaxisaccelerationsensorlevelangle,processingthroughtheMCUcontrolandoperationwilldipinnumericalformdirectlyintheLCDscreendisplay,,sothattheanglemeasuringisconvenient,quick,realizehighprecisionmeasurementofangle.TheprincipleoftheADXL345threeaxisaccelerometer,andproposestousethecombinationofhardwareandsoftwareoftheautomaticcalibrationtechniqueformeasuringtheangle,themaximumsimplifiesthecircuit,improvesthestabilityandreliabilityofthesystem.Keywords:Intelligentlevel;MCU;ADXL345;angle理工大学学士学位论文III目录1绪论....................................................................................................................................11.1课题研究背景和意义...............................................................................................11.2国内外水平仪发展现状和趋势...............................................................................11.3系统设计的主要工作...............................................................................................11.4论文结构及安排.......................................................................................................22三轴加速度传感器感应原理..............................................................................................32.1ADXL345工作原理.................................................................................................32.2ADXL345寄存器映射.............................................................................................52.3ADXL345主要寄存器定义介绍.............................................................................62.4测量倾斜角度原理...................................................................................................82.4.1加速度传感器进行倾角测量简介................................................................82.4.2ADXL345测量角度原理..............................................................................93水平仪总体设计................................................................................................................123.1水平仪硬件设计.....................................................................................................123.1.1单片机模块..................................................................................................133.1.2LCD液晶显示模块.....................................................................................143.1.3ADXL345接口设计....................................................................................163.1.4ADXL345加速度传感器模块....................................................................183.2水平仪软件设计.....................................................................................................203.2.1I2C总线协议分析........................................................................................213.2.2液晶显示驱动程序设计..............................................................................253.2.3ADXL345加速度传感器软件模块............................................................273.2.4ADXL345加速度传感器误差校准............................................................284实验数据及总结................................................................................................................30结论......................................................................................................................................33致谢......................................................................................................................................34附录A英文原文..................................................................................................................37附录B汉语翻译.................................................................................................................41理工大