大学英语新视野第二册-第一课

UnitOneBookTwoTextAnalysisKeySentencePatternsWriting&ReadingSkillsLead-inActivitiesBackgroundInformationKeyWordStudyAfterlearningthisunit,studentsaresupposedtobeableto:1.talkabouttimeconsciousnessofAmericans.2.learnaboutculturaldifferences.3.masterthekeywordsandsentencepatterns.4.writingskills---howtowriteapara.ofageneralstatementsupportedbyspecificdetailsandreasons.5.improvethereadingskills—howtofindthemainideas.TeachingObjectivesLead-inActivities1----ProverbsonTimeReadthefollowingproverbs.Haveyoueverlearntthem?WhataretheChineseversionsforthem?时间创造奇迹。1.1.Timeworkswonders.2.Timetriestruth.时间检验真理。Timeisthebesthealer.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.时间是治愈创伤的良药。时间不等人。（时不我待。）5.Timeismoney.6.Timeflies.7.Aninchoftimecannotbeboughtbyaninchofgold.8.Alltimeisnotimewhenitispast.机不可失，时不再来。9.Timelostisneverregained.光阴一去不复返。1.Whywesay“timeismoney”?2.Whatdoestimemeantous?3.Whatshouldwedowithtime?Lead-inActivities2——Watch&discussionTimeIsLife返回Situation1–anappointmentHowtoManagetheFollowingSituations?Situation2–homevisitSituation3–toapartySituation4–beinginvitedtodinnerSituation5–aninterviewLead-inActivities3——PairWorkSituation1:Dr.TomMcDivernfromNYispracticingmedicineinaruralareainSaudiArabia.Hisopeningdaywasbookedfullyaweekago.Buthalfanhourpassed,neitherofhisfirsttwopatientsarrived.Why?Why?Why?Why?Americanstendtobe_________.TotheArabians,_________________________isacceptable.punctualhalfanhouror40minuteslateSituation2:Onyourwayhome,itoccurredtoyouthatyourAmericanfriendMaryhadinvitedyoutovisitherwhenyouwerefree.Thenyoudroppedinonherhouse.Butwhenyouknockedatthedoor…InChina,it’sOKtovisitfriendswithoutcallingaheadoftime.WhileintheU.S.,it’simpolitetodoso.Maryfeltsurprised.Why?WhatisthepolitewayintheU.S.?Callingaheadoftime.Situation3:YourAmericanfriendinvitedyoutoherpartytonightat7:30.Whenareyousupposedtogetthere?Why?A.Before7:00,tohelphertoprepare.B.5’－10’late,nottobethefirstguest.C.After8:00,I’mtheVIP.D.5’－10’earlier,it’sapolitewaytoshowmyrespectforher.IntheU.S.,peopletendtobe_____________.InChina,closefriendstendtoarrive_______________，butacquaintancestendtoarrive_______________.5’－10’late(B)before7:00(A)5’－10’earlier(D)GeneraldifferencesbetweenChinese&AmericansTimeConsciousness•Chinese:Relativelymoreattentiontothepast(nostalgic)andtothelonger-termfuture.•American:Lessinterestedinthepast;eyeonnear-termfuture.Americanshaveformulatedtheirownconceptoftime.Ingeneral,Americantimeisexact,peoplearepunctual,activitiesarescheduled,andtimeisappropriatedforseparateactivities.TwodifferentmanagementstylesoftimeTimecanbethoughtofasastraightlineorasacircle:thelinear,sequentialmarchofdaysandyears,ortherotationoftheseasons.Ourculturalorientationhasaprofoundeffectonourdailylivesandbusinessfunctions.•Monochronic/PolychronicTime单向计时制/多向计时制——introducedbyAmericananthropologistEdwardHallTwodifferentmanagementstylesoftime•Monochronictimeisone-tracklinear:peopledoonethingatatime.Polychronictimeismulti-trackcircular;itallowsmanythingstohappensimultaneously,withnoparticularendinsight.•Monochronictimeistightlycompartmentalized(划分):schedulesarealmostsacred.Polychronictimeisopen-ended:completingthetaskorcommunicationismoreimportantthanadheringtoaschedule.Monochronic/PolychronicTimeCommonTimeDifferencesMonochronicPeoplePolychronicPeopleDoonethingatatimeDomanythingsatonceConcentrateonthejobHighlydistractibleandsubjecttointerruptionsTaketimecommitmentsseriously(deadlines,schedules)ConsidertimecommitmentsanobjectivetobeachievedonlyifpossibleCommittedtothejobCommittedtopeopleAdherereligiouslytoplansChangeplansoftenandeasilyConcernedaboutnotdisturbingothers;FollowrulesofprivacyandconsiderationMoreconcernedwithrelations(family,friends,closebusinessassociates)thanwithprivacyShowgreatrespectforprivateproperty,seldomborroworlendBorrowandlendthingsoftenandeasilyEmphasizepromptnessBasepromptnessontherelationshipAccustomedtoshort-termrelationshipsStrongtendencytobuildlifetimerelationships•WhatdoyouthinkofChinesepeople,MonochronicorPolychronic?•Canyoucitesomeexamples?PolychronicChineseQuestiontoponderon•Beforedoingsomething,Chinesewilltracebacktotheoldexperiencetryingtogetsomesuccessfultips.•Chinesehavehighrespectfor“old”,emphasizingageandexperience.老练、老成、老手、老马识途、老马嘶风、老当益壮、老谋深算、老成持重、老成练达、老松耐寒、老骥伏枥，志在千里、老将出马，一人顶两、树老根须多,人老见识多、生姜老的辣、老凤清于雏凤声、不听老人言，吃亏在眼前PolychronicChinese中国人的时间观：典型的东方镜头：大漠中的牵驼人，晒太阳儿的农民，一步一伏的朝圣者，边唠边绣的妇女，半天不起杆的钓者，藤架下的品茶人，晨练太极的老者......他们都不着急。ContrasttotheAmerican’stimeconceptAnotherquestiontoponderon•WhatdoyouknowaboutAmericanintreatingtime?MonochronicorPolychronic?•Canyoumakesomeexamples?MonochronicAmerican•“Old”inEnglishisassociatedwithlackofenergy,creativity,challenge,useless,burden.SomeEnglishsayingsconcerning“old”:•Anolddogwilllearnnonewtricks./Youcan‘tteachanolddognewtricks.•（老狗学不会新把戏）•Itishardtomakeanolddogstoop.•（老狗弯腰，谈何容易）•“elderly”or“seniorcitizen”（peopleover60），“goldenager”(retiredpeopleover65)MonochronicAmericanSomeexpressionsshowingthemonochronicconceptplace/putontheagenda（列入议事日程）agree(up)onanagenda(就议事日程取得一致意见）layout/mapout/makeout/planaschedulehaveafu