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长难句之状语从句地点状语从句1.Thishasbeeninterpretedastheremainsofaworkshopwheremoltenmetalwasscoopedupfromthechannelandpouredintomoldsintheholes.(TPO27-1)分析:这句话的主干是Thishasbeeninterpretedastheremainsofaworkshop,后面是由where引导的状语从句,修饰workshop。译文:这被认定是工厂的遗址。在这里熔化的金属从水渠中要出来,然后倒入洞中的模具中。interpret解释;说明v.remain遗迹;残骸n.scoop舀取v.channel水渠n.时间状语从句2..ThehighqualityofRomanpotteryisveryeasytoappreciatewhenhandlingactualpiecesoftablewareorindeedkitchenwareandamphorae(thelargejarsusedthroughouttheMediterraneanforthetransportandstorageofliquids,suchaswineandoil).(TPO29-1)分析:这句话是由when引导的时间状语从句,主句是thehighqualityofRomanpotteryis...,when从句省略了主语,括号的内容是对amphorae的解释说明。译文:当把玩古罗马陶制餐具或厨房用具和双耳陶罐(一种大型陶罐,遍及整个地中海地区,用来运输或储存酒或油之类的液体)时,人们对其良好的质量赞不绝口。handle触摸v.amphorae双耳陶罐n.jar陶罐n.Mediterranean地中海n.原因状语从句+让步状语从句3.Asthesnowisdeeperandlastslongerinthevalleys,treestendtoattaingreaterheightsontheridges,eventhoughtheyaremoreexposedtohigh-velocitywindsandpoor,thinsoilsthere.(TPO1-3)由于山谷中积雪覆盖较厚且持续时间很长,树木即便是生长在大风和贫瘠的土地里,也往往会在山脊上长得更高。valley山谷n.ridge贫瘠velocity速率n.让步状语从句+插入语+条件状语从句4.MostRomanpotteryislightandsmoothtotouchandverytough,although,likeallpottery,itshattersifdroppedonahardsurface.(TPO29-1)分析:这句话是由although引导的条件状语从句,主句是itshattersifdroppedonahardsurface;从句中又包含了个if引导的条件状语从句,if从句中省略了主语——Romanpottery,把这句话补充完整的话是ifRomanpotteryisdroppedonahardsurface;like是表举例,likeallpottery作插入语。译文:尽管绝大部分的罗马陶器很轻很滑也很坚韧,但是它像所有的陶器一样,如果碰到坚硬地面时也很容易破碎。Pottery瓷器n.smooth光滑adj.tough坚硬的adj.shatter打碎v.时间(条件)状语从句+插入语+定语从句5.Whensuchstatuesareviewedinisolation,outoftheiroriginalcontextandwithoutknowledgeoftheirfunction,itiseasytocriticizethemfortheirrigidattitudesthatremainedunchangedforthreethousandyears.解析:when…在这里做条件状语,其中areviewed是被动形式,…inisolation是常用形式,意为用独立的方式;两个逗号之间的介词短语可以理解为插入成分,做解释说明之用,不影响主句信息;逗号后面it作形式主语,真正的主语是criticizethemfortheirrigidattitudes,句中that引导定语从句修饰attitudes。翻译:当这些雕像被单独看待,脱离对其原始情境的了解和功能作用的认识,很容易会去对它们三千年不变的僵硬姿态发出责难。inisolation用独立的方式rigid僵硬的adj.时间状语从句+定语从句+同位语6.Accordingtoconventionaltheory,yawningtakesplace/whenpeopleareboredorsleepy/andservesthefunctionof/increasingalertnessbyreversing,throughdeeperbreathing,thedropinbloodoxygenlevels/thatarecausedbytheshallowbreathing/thataccompanieslackofsleeporboredom.(TPO18-2)解析:takeplace发生,when引导状语从句,throughdeeperbreathing是对前面的reversing进行说明,是同位语成分,oxygenlevels后面的that引导定语从句,修饰oxygenlevels。。翻译:根据传统理论,当人们无聊或者困倦时才会打哈欠。伴随人们缺乏睡眠或者感到乏味的是浅呼吸,而浅呼吸会降低血液中氧的含量。打哈欠可以通过深呼吸颠倒这一过程,增加血液中氧的含量以提高警觉性。conventional传统的adj.yawning打哈欠n.servethefunctionof...担任...的功能alertness警戒n,accompany伴随,陪伴v.boredom乏味n.条件状语从句+虚拟语气7.Ifthetheorywascorrect,breathingairwithextracarbondioxideshouldhavetriggeredyawning,whilebreathingpureoxygenshouldhavesuppressedyawning.(TPO18-2)解析:if引导条件状语,breathingairwithextracarbondioxide为主语shouldhavetriggered为谓语,后面的while句shouldhavedone的结构代表虚拟语气,翻译:如果这种说法是正确的,那么吸入含有额外二氧化碳量的空气就应该能触发打哈欠,然而吸入纯氧气就会抑制打哈欠。trigger引发v.yawning打哈欠suppress压制,压抑原因状语从句+让步状语8.TheamountofairexchangedisevenlowerinREMthanNREMbecause,althoughbreathingismorerapidinREM,itisalsomoreirregular,withbriefepisodesofshallowbreathingorabsenceofbreathing.(Tpo24-2)解析:because引导原因,although让步状语从句翻译:REM的空气交换量要比NREM低,因为尽管REM中呼吸更加急促,但也更加没有规律,包括一些简短的浅呼吸或呼吸暂停。4.Thebeastsweremoredisciplined,sothatitwaseasierforhunterstopredicttheirhabits,andcaptureanimalsatwill.(TPO28-2)分析:sothat连接着句中的两个部分,意为“以便、所以”,表结果,it是形式主语,真正的主语是forhunterstopredicttheirandcaptureanimalsatwill。译文:兽群变得更加自律了,所以猎人在预测它们的习性和随意捕捉动物方面变得更容易了。9.Theexperimentswithdomesticationprobablyoccurredinmanyplaces,aspeoplelivinginever-drierenvironmentscastaroundformorepredictablefoodsupplies.(TPO28-2)分析:句中的as是连词,意为“当...的时候”,引导的是时间状语从句,强调两个动作同时发生,或某事一发生,另一事立即发生。Livinginever-drierenvironments现在分词,作后置定语,修饰people。译文:当居住在不断干燥环境中的人们四处搜寻可预测性更强的食物供给时,驯化的尝试很可能在很多地方发生。
本文标题:长难句之状语从句
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