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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 资本运营 > 高中英语语法知识之It的用法总结
高考英语语法知识之It的用法总结1.Itis+被强调部分+that...该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语,宾语,状语。强调的主语如果是人,that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后,应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.2.Itwasnotuntil+被强调部分+that...该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语"直到...才...",可以说是not...until...的强调形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.3.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain....)that.....该句型中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,常译为"清楚(显然,真的,肯定...)"是主语从句最常见的一种结构。Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.4.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural...)that...由于主句中的形容词不同,that后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省去。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5.Itissaid(reported,learned....)that...该句型中的it仍是形式主语,真正主语是that引导的主语从句。该结构常译为"据说(据报道,据悉...)"。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.6.Itissuggested(ordered...)that...主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词时,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省。常译为"据建议;有命令..Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.7.Itisapity(ashame...)that...该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可省去.表示出乎意料,常译为"竟然"。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.Itisapitythatheisill.8.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟.②有时也用should+动词原形,should不能省。常译为"是(正是)...的时侯..."。Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.9.Itisthefirst(second...)timethat...该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气,而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去;it有时用this/that替换.常译为"这是某人第几次做某事了"。ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.10Itisthe+形容词最高级+名词+that+…..该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气,而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去;it有时用this/that替换.常译为"这是某人做过的最…的事情"。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Thatwastheworstsongthathehadheard.11.Itis....since...该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时,又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语,其时态是现在时或完成时,since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态,而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时,从句则用过去完成时。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.12.Itis...when...该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句,主句中的it指时间,表语由具体的时间充当。常译为"当...的时候,是..."。Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.比较:Therewasatimewhen+定语从句(曾经一度….;有一个时期…)TherewasatimewhenIraqwasoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.TherewasatimewhenIwasdisappointedandwantedtoleavehere.13.Itbe...before...该句型主句中的it指时间,主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态.主句中的表语多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为"...之后..."。Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.14.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that...该句型中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,主句中的happen,seem等词是不及物动词.Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧..Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看来...15.Itlooks(seems)asif...该句型中it无意义。asif引导一个状语从句。常译为,"看起来好象..."如果与事实不相符合,则用虚拟语气.Itlooksasifheisill.Itlooksasifhewereill.Itseemedasifheweredying.16.Ittakes/costssb....todosth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,it是形式主语,句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为"做...要花费某人..."。IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.注意:当主语和表语都是不定式时,不能用it作形式主语代替动词不定式。Toseeistobelieve.Torespectothersistoberespected.17.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引起,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有:bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教养的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong(错误的)等。这个句型可以改写为:sb.iskindtodosth.Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.18.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起,主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有:①important,necessary,natural②easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,rare,impossible,pleasant等。在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写,Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty19.Itisnogood/use/fundoingsth.Itisagreatpleasure/awasteoftime/aboredoingsth.Itisuseless/nice/gooddoingsth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词或动名词短语,主句中的表语可以是名词或形容词。ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.Itisuselesscryingoverspiltmilk.20.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether(if)...该句型中whether(if)引导的从句是真正主语,该句型常译为"不论(是否)...没关系...。Itdoesn’tmatteriftheyareold.21.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为6123结构。6:指主句中常用的动词:think,believe,make,find,consider,feel(另外表示人的心理状态的动词还有:like,love,hate,appreciate,don’tmind,dependon等)1:指的是形式宾语it;2:指的是宾补的两种形式:形容词或名词;3:指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语,动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.I’dappreciateitifyouwouldhelpme.Ilikeitwhenitrainsinspring.
本文标题:高中英语语法知识之It的用法总结
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