液晶的研究进展

X1,2,1(1.,050016;2.,075100):.,.:;;;;:O753.2:A:100025854(2005)02201542041(liquidcrystal)1888,ReinitzerF,(cholesterylbenzoate,C6H5CO2C27H45,CB)145.5,145.5.178.5,,.ReinitzerFLehmannO.LehmannO,,;,.,[1].,.LehmannO,ReinitzerF.,.1908:,ReinitzerFLehmannO.2,.1920NernstWH,.,2020,300,,FritdelG2020200;,,.2.,..,,,.,.,,,.,.,,,X:20040913:(2004000140);(2003107):(1978),,,,.29220053()JournalofHebeiNormalUniversity(NaturalScienceEdition)Vol.29No.2Mar.2005.3..,,..,.,,.,,,.,,,.,,.,,,,,.,,.,1(a)(b)(c).1(a)(b)()(c)3,.,3..[PAA,para2azoxyanisole][MBBA,N2(p2methoxyben2zylidene)2p2n2butylaniline,CH3O(C6H4)CHN(C6H4)C4H9][2].,,3:.,.,.2,.,.,[2,3].,.,.,.,,..,0.11.0K,[4,5],3:.,,.,5512:,.,.,,.,.,.,14,A,B,C,,K.,.,..22,,.,15..,.,.,.,,.4[6],,,.:.,.(LCD).,.,.7.7,,09;14,0910.57,,35,.;,.2:1,,,,,;2,,,...LehmannO,,.2,.,.,.,,,,.,,,;,,.[7].19,Virchow1985,,.19651,.19745,.,,.651()29,,,,(),.,.TNHelfrich,,,,,.,2,.,,,.,.,,.:[1].[M].:,1988.1222.[2]STEGEMEYERH,BERGMANNK.LiquidCrystalofOneandTwo2dimensionalOrder[M].NewYork:Springer2ver2lag,1980.161.[3]CHANDRASEKARS.LiquidCrystals[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUnivPress,1977.[4]BELYAKOVVA,DMITRIENKEVE.Thebluephaseofliquidcrystals[J].SovPhysUsp,1985,28:545.[5],,.[J].,2003,32(5):3272331.[6].[M].:,1984.1252203.[7]OU2YANGZhong2can,LIUJi2xing,XIEYu2zhang.GeometricMethodsintheElasticTheoryofMembranesinLiquidCrystalPhases[M].London:WorldScientificPublishingCoPteLtd,1999.StudyProgressofLiquidCrystalsSHENMan1,GUOLi2li2,LIUJian2jun1(1.CollegeofPhysics,HebeiNormalUniversity,HebeiShijiazhuang050016,China;2.DepartmentofPhysics,ZhangjiakouCollegeofEducation,HebeiZhangjiakou075100,China)Abstract:Liquidcrystalsphaseisakindofmesophase,whichdiffersfrombothsolidphaseandliquidphase.Thediscovery,formationandclassificationofliquidcrystalsarediscussedindetail.Theapplicationanddevelopmentinmanyaspectsareintroduced.Keywords:liquidcrystal;nematiccrystal;cholestericphase;smecticphase;bluephase()7512: