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高等传热学对流换热第八章层流边界层的流动与换热§8.1外掠楔形体层流边界层的仿射相似),()(),(yxfxuyxu一、问题提出0uvxy22()duuuuuvuxydxy0:00:yuvyuu?无量纲坐标)()(xhyxy)(不同x处,u/u∞(x)与y/δ(x)的关系相同偏微分方程→常微分方程求得的解→相似解))(()(),(xyxuyxu1.h(x)(1/δ(x))是否存在?2.h(x)=?3.h(x)是否唯一?二、相似解存在的条件引入流函数Ψ,则uyvx220xyyx22323yxyxyydxduu先设:)(RexgLyLLxLLxgxufRe)()(),(LuLRe处的来流速度为参考尺度待定函数0,,-)(xuLxg再设:待定函数-),(f])()(Re[)(Re)(1)(1)(1)(),(xgxuLxgLxuyxuyxuxuyxuLL),()()(RefxgxuLLyfyfLxgxuyuLRe)()(')(fxudxxdgxLgyLffxgxuxgxudxdfLxLLL)()(Re)()(Re1)()(Re2'LfdxxdgxLgfxudxxdufxyL1)()(Re)()(22'2)(Re)(22xLgfxuyL)(Re)(22'33xgLfxuyLffffxguxufdxxduxguLffxgxudxduxLgf''22'2')()()1()()()()()(constdxxduxguLconstxgxudxduxgLff)()()()()(002'③②,①假如相似解存在,u(x,y)/u(x)只与η有关,而与ξ无关。于是,必需:0)1(2''ffff)()(22xuxgdxduLconstdxxduxguLconstxgxudxduxgL)()()()()(2(*))()2(2CxguuLxdxxdgxuxguL)()()(两边同乘以u’(x,y)/u(x,y),u’=du/dx两边再乘dx)()()()()()()()('''xgxgdxxdgxuxguLxuxu)()()()()(xgxdgxuxdu对上式积分:)()()()()(xgxdgxuxdu)()()()()()(xgxdgxuxduxuuCxguxu)(ln)(ln)()()()(xKguxu1)()(1)(uxuKxg代入:(*))()2(2CxguuLxCuxuKuuLx2)()(1)2(222)2()(CLxKuxumxCCLxKuxu1222)2()(取C=02m相似解存在的条件:mxCxu1)(Lxxguxu)2()()(2)()2()(xuuLxxgxxumy)(21)()2(Re)(RexuuLxLyxLgyLLxxuy)(212mmm122121mxxumy)(21三、相似变量的确定1xxumy)(21四、相似变量的唯一性α取不同的值,得到的η就不同,所以η不是唯一的。xxumy)(21五、结论3.相似变量不是唯一的。1.相似解存在的必要条件:mCxxu)(2.相似变量§8.2外掠平壁层流边界层流动和换热的相似解一、物理问题二、数学描述0uvxy22()duuuuuvuxydxy22pTTTuvxycy0::wyTTyTT0:00:yuvyuu三、外掠平壁层流边界层流动的相似解0)(CxuxumCxxu)(uCm,0xxumy)(21取α=1/20)1(2''ffff012mm021'fff)()2()(xuuLxxgLxxg)(xuy三、外掠平壁层流边界层流动的相似解xxuy)(LuLLxufLxgxufL),(Re)()(),(Lxxg)('fuyuxuf),()(21'ffxuxv021'fff1)(0,0)0(0''fyffy布拉修斯方程假定:''()zf1()02dzfzd021'fff1)(0)0(0''fyfy''101()exp(-d)2zfcf'12001()exp(-d)d2fcfc11001exp-dd2cf00'001exp(-d)d21exp(-d)d2fufuf000001exp(-d)dd21exp(-d)d2fff02cf'f''()ff'f''()f0000.332064.02.305760.955520.064240.40.026560.132770.331475.03.283290.991550.015910.80.106110.264710.327396.04.279640.998980.002401.20.237950.393780.316597.05.279260.999920.000221.60.420320.516760.296678.06.279231.000000.000012.00.650030.629770.266758.46.679231.000000.000003.01.396820.846050.161368.87.079231.000000.00000外掠平壁层流边界层流动的相似解xuy5.0xu125.0Rexx3/2'',0,0|()|wxyxuufyx3/2,0.332wxux局部摩擦系数(Localfrictioncoefficient,Localdragcoefficient)fw,x为,1/2,20.664Re/2wxwxxfu'fuyu,011.328dReLwwxLffxL四、外掠平壁层流边界层换热的相似解22pTTTuvxycy0::wyTTyTT定义无量纲温度:wwTTTT22uvaxyyxuy'''2''211122uyxxxxxuyyxuyx'''1Pr02f0:0:1和'''1Pr02f0:0:1和'ddz假定:d1Pr0d2zfz10dPrexp-dd2zcf1200Prexp-dd2cfc利用边界条件式中的η=0时Θ=0,可知C2=0,由另一边界条件,得1100Prexp-dd2cf0000Prexp-dd2Prexp-dd2ff0000Prexp-dd2Prexp-dd2ff00'001exp(-d)d21exp(-d)d2fufufPr=1时:wwTTuuTT0,,|xyxwxThTTy0,0d||dxyxhuyx1/20dRe|dxxxhxNuPr1/20Red|dxxNu1/30.332Pr0.60.70.80.91.01.11.37.010150.2760.2930.3070.3200.3320.3440.4780.6450.7300.8350.2800.2950.3080.3210.3320.3430.4790.6350.7150.8191/20dRe|dxxxhxNu1/21/30.332RePrxxNu1/21/30.664PrulhLNu1/21/30.664RePrL§8.3外掠楔形体层流边界层流动和换热的相似解mucx21mm0)1(2''ffff012mm0)1(2''ffff11)(0,0)0(0''fyffy
本文标题:相似解
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