高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)

高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解OneofthemoststrikingfindingsofanewlyresearchintheUKisthatofthepeopleinterviewed,oneintwobelievesthatitisbecomingmoredifficulttomeetsomeonetostartafamilywith.Whyaremanyfindingitincreasinglydifficulttostartcloserelationships?Doesmodemlifereallymakeithardertofallinlove?Orarewemakingitharderforourselves?Itiscertainlythecasetodaythatcontemporarycouplesbenefitindifferentwaysfromrelationships.Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersformoneyorstatus.Amandoesn'texpecthiswifetobein(唯一的)chargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren.Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthatittakesmuchmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence.Intheory,findingapartnershouldbemuchsimplerthesedays.Onlyafewgenerationsago,yourchoiceofsoulmatewaslimitedbygeography,socialconventionandfamilytradition.Althoughitwasneverclear，manymarriageswereessentiallyarranged.Nowthosebarriershavebeenbrokendown.Youcanapproachabuilderorabrainsurgeoninanybarinanycityonanygivenevening.Whentheworldisyouroyster(牡蛎),yousurelyhaveabetterchanceoffindingapearl.Butitseemsthattheoldconventionshavebeenreplacedbythelimitationsofchoice.Theexpectationsofpartnersareraisedtoanunmanageabledegree:goodlooks,impressivesalary,kindtograndmother,andrightsocks.Thereisnoroomforerrorinthefirstimpression.Wethinkthatarelationshipcanbeperfect.Ifitisn't,itshouldbeended.Weworktoprotectourselvesagainstfutureheartacheanddon'tputinthehardemotionallaborneededtobuildastrongrelationship.Twelve-hourworkattheofficemakesrelaxedafter-hoursdatingdifficult.Thecostofhousingandchild-raisingcreatespressuretohaveastableincomeandCareerbeforealifepartnership.（1）WhatisacontemporaryfamilylikeinUKtoday?A.Couplessharetheburdens.B.Menbegintodependonwomen.C.Womenareresponsibleforhousework.D.Itisdifficulttotakecareofafamily.（2）Whydopeoplepreservetheirindependence?A.Tolivealonehappily.B.Tohavemorechoices.C.Toavoidmarriages.D.Toignoretraditions.（3）Whatmakesithardforpeopletodate?A.Mentalheadacheindating.B.Thepressuretosurvive.C.Badluckinfindingapartner.D.Thefaithbetweenlifepartners.（4）Whatistheauthortryingtoinformusinthistext?A.Perfectmarriagesconflictwithindependence.B.Peopleshould,spendmoremoneyonmarriages.C.Theexpectationsandrealityseparatethelovers.D.Independenceismuchmoreimportantthanlove.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本人是一篇说明文，美国最新的一项问卷调查发现，50%的人觉得找到相伴一生的另一半很困难，作者从工作经济压力以及对配偶要求过高等因素进行了分析。(1)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersforeconomicsecurityorstatus.Amandoesn'texpecthiswifetobeinsole(唯一的)chargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren.”可知现在的女子在经济上独立，男子也不能指望女子负责所有的家务和养孩子。说明现在是夫妻双方共同承担负担。故选A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthatittakesmuchmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence.”可知，人们认为独自生活也很好这种观念使得人们不愿意放弃他们的独立生活。故选A。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Twelve-hourworkattheofficemakesrelaxedafter-hoursdating(约会)difficult.”可知12小时的工作使得人们约会变得很困难，繁忙的工作花费了人们太多的精力。故选B。(4)考查主旨大意。文章主要分析现在的人们为什么很难找到生活伴侣，其原因可能主要是对对方的期望过高以及经济压力较大的现实。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解Imagineyourclothingcouldreleaseenoughheattokeepyouwarmandcozy,allowingyoutostaycomfortableinacoolerroom.Or,pictureacarwindshieldthatstoresthesun'senergyandthenreleasesitasheattomaketheiceonthewindshielddisappear.AccordingtoateamofresearchersatMIT,bothcasesmaybepossiblebeforelong,thankstoanewmaterialthatcanstoresolarenergyduringthedayandreleaseitlaterasheat.Thistransparentpolymerfilmcouldbeappliedtomanydifferentsurfaces,suchaswindowglassorclothing.Solarenergyisonlyavailableabouthalfthetimeweneedit—duringdaylight.Forthesuntobecomeamajorpowerproviderforhumanneeds,therehastobeanefficientwaytosaveitupforuseduringnighttimeandstormydays.Mostsucheffortshavefocusedonstoringandrecoveringsolarenergyintheformofelectricity,butthenewfinding,byMlIprofessorJeffreyGrossman,PostdocDavidZhitomirskyandgraduatestudentEugeneCho,couldprovideahighlyefficientmethodforstoringthesun'senergythroughachemicalreactionandreleasingitlaterasheat.Thekeytoenablinglong-term,stablestorageofsolarheat,theteamsaid,istostoreitintheformofachemicalchangeratherthanstoringtheheatitself.Butheatwilldisappearovertimenomatterhowgoodthematerialarounditis,sotheteamsetupachemicalstoragesystemthatcankeeptheenergyinastablemolecularconfiguration.Whenexposedtosunlight,themoleculescanstaythatwayforlongperiodsThen,whentriggered(触发)byaveryspecifictemperatureorsomethingelse,themoleculesreturntotheiroriginalshape,givingoffheatintheprocess.Suchchemically-basedstoragematerials,knownasSolarThermalFuels(STF),havebeendevelopedbefore.Butthoseearliereffortsweredesignedtobeusedinliquidsolutionsandnotabletomakedurable(耐用的)solid-statefilms.Thenewapproachisthefirstbasedonasolid-statematerial,inthiscaseapolymer,andthefirstbasedoninexpensivematerialsandwidespreadproductiontechnology.（1）WhatisthemainpurposeofParagraph1?A.Toshowthemainideaofthepassage.B.Topracticereaders'imagination.C.Tointerestreadersinthepassage.D.Tointroduceanewkindofmaterial.（2）Accordingtothe