人教版英语八年级下unit5讲解与练习

Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?SectionA1.Whatwerepeopledoingyesterdayatthetimeoftherainstorm.1)本句为过去进行时态，表示在过去某时间某动作正在发生，由“助动词was/were+v.-ing”。---Whatwereyoudoingatnineyesterdaymorning?---Iwasplayinginthepark.2)atthetimeof在......的时候Whatwereyoudoingatthetimeoftheearthquake.2.Myalarmdidn’tgooffsoI_______uplate.Gooff意为”（闹钟）发出响声Thealarmwentoffat6:30.Acaralarmwentoffinthemiddleofthenight.3.I______tothebusstopbutIstillmissedthebus.我__________到公共汽车候车亭，但我还是没赶上公共汽车。Hurryup,oryouwillmissyourtrain.IgotuplatesoImissedtheearlybus.拓展：1）miss作及物动词，意为“想念、思念”2）miss作及物动词，意为“缺课”4.。。。Whentherainstormsuddenlycame,whatwereyoudoing?1)此处when作从属连词，意为“当。。。时候”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词既可以是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词，谓语动词动作发生的时间可以与主句的谓语动词的动作是同时、之前后之后。MymotherwascookingsupperwhenIgothome.Shebegantoplaythepianowhenshewasfiveyearsold.2)suddenly副词，意为“突然，忽然”在句子中多修饰动词或动词，作状语。IsuddenlyrememberedthatIdidn’tbringmykey.Itallhappenedsosuddenly.5.Icalledagainateightandyoudidn’tanswertheneither.此处either是副词，意为“也”，只用于否定句。Either用于否定句，一般放在句末。Idon’tlikephysicsandhedoesn’tlikeiteither.Also一般用于肯定句和疑问句常放在句中。ShespeaksEnglishandshealsowritesEnglish.Too一般用于肯定句和疑问句，常放在句末。Areyougoingtowork,too?拓展：either作代词，意为（两者中的）一个。Herearetwobooks.Youcantakeeitherofthem.6.Whydidyoucallsomanytimes?Somany意为“那么多”，修饰复数名词。-欢迎下载27.Sowhileyouaresleeping,IcalledJennyandshehelpedme.此处while作从属连词，意为“当。。。时候，在。。。期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。Hefellasleepwhilehewaslisteningtomusic.While“当。。。时候”，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词，常用于过去进行时中。Whileweweretalking,hecamein.When“当。。。时候”，其谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。Thesunwasrisingwhenwegottothetopofthemountain.拓展while与when在过去进行时中位置的转换：WhileJohnwasplayingthepiano,Maryleftthehouse.JohnwasplayingthepianowhenMaryleftthehouse.(2011’山东青岛)Tomrushedintothehouse______hismotherwascooking.A.asB.beforeC.whileD.After8.Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.此处light作不可数名词，意为“光、光线”拓展1)light作可数名词，意为“电灯、光源”Don’tcrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightsarered.2)Light作形容词，意为“轻的、浅的”Istheboxheavyorlight?Ilikethelightgreendress.3)light（lit/lighted)作动词，意为“点燃、照亮”Hesatdownandlitacigarette.9.Ben’sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindowswhilehismomwasmakingsuretheflashlightsandradiowereworking.1.Wood作不可数名词，意为“木材，木头”,apieceofwood意为“一块木头”Heputsomewoodinthefire.拓展wood作可数名词，意为“树林”Sheisafraidtowalkthroughthewoodsatnight.2.Makesure意为“务必、确保、确认”，后面常接that从句或of短语。Makesurethatyouputdowneverywordshesays.Wemustmakesureofit.10.Benwashelpinghismommakedinnerwhentherainbegantobeatheavilyagainstthewindows.1)beat(beat,beaten)不及物动词，意为“敲打；（风雨等）冲击；（心脏、脉搏等）跳动Someonewasbeatingonthedoor.拓展beat作及物动词，意为”打、敲、打败”Who’sbeatingthedrum?Webeatthemby3:2.2)against作介词，此处意为“触、碰、撞、倚、靠”Therainbeatagainstthecarwindscreen.Hewasthrowingaballagainstthewall.-欢迎下载3拓展against作介词，还意为“反对、违反”Theyareagainsttheplan.Thatisagainstthelaw.11.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasdyingdownataround3:00a.m.fallasleep为固定短语，意为“进入梦乡、睡着”Diedown固定短语，意为“逐渐变弱；逐渐消失”1)Asleep作形容词，意为“睡着”，常作表语，无比较级和最高级。Heisasleeponthesofa.2)Sleepy“困倦的、寂静的”Ifeelsleepy.I’mgoingtobed.3)Sleeping“睡着的”，作定语；还可以表示与睡有关的东西，如睡袋：sleepingbag,卧铺车厢：sleepingcar,安眠药：sleepingpill.12.Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising.1）Wakeup意为“醒来；把。。。叫醒”，可以不带宾语，也可以接名词或代词作宾语。Pleasewakemeupatfiveo’clocktomorrowmorning.2)Rise(rose,risen)作不及物动词，意为“上升、升起”Theriverroseyesterdayafternoon.辨析rise与raiseRise“升起；提高；增加”作不及物动词，主语常为物。Raise“升起；提高；增加”，主语常为人。Thegirlraisetheboxtothetruck.13.Althoughthestormbrokemanythingsapart;itbroughtfamiliesandneighborsclosertogether.1)此处bring(brought,brought)作使役动词，意为“促使”Theybroughtthingsright.他们使事情正确。14.Butluckily,theriverwasfine.Luckily作副词，意为“幸运地；幸亏”作状语。拓展1）lucky作形容词，意为“幸运的；有好运的”2）luck作不及物动词，意为“好运；幸运；运气”Goodlucktoyou！15.Theroadswereicebecauseoftheheavysnowfromthenightbefore.Icy作形容词，意为“结冰的；冰冷的；冷淡的”拓展ice作不可数名词，意为“冰”Theiceisthickenoughtoskateon.英语中，一些与天气有关的名词，加后缀-y可构成相应的形容词。Ice—icy;frost—frosty;cloud—cloudy;rain—rainy;snow—snowy;wind—windy;sun—sunny;fog—foggySectionB1.Onthisday,Dr.MartinLutherKingwaskilled.Waskilled意为“被杀害”，是一般过去时的被动语态。由助动词was\were+过去分词构成。当句子的主语为动作的承受者或不清楚动作的执行者时，可用被动语态来表示。Thebridgewasbuiltlastyearbyworkers.-欢迎下载42.Myparentsdidnottalkafterthat,andwefinishedtherestofourdinnerinsilence.1)therestof意为“剩余的”Weeatsomeofthebutterandkeeptherestofitforbreakfast.TomisfromEnglandandtherestofusarefromChina.2)silence不可数名词，意为“沉默、缄默、无声”，短语insilence,意为“沉默、无声”拓展silent形容词，意为“寂静的、无声的”Hekeptsilentwhenheheardthenews.3.Iwassoscaredthaticouldhardlythinkclearlythinkclearlyafterthat.1)scared形容词，意为“害怕的；恐惧的”，常作表语，近义词为“afraid”Sheisscaredofmice.2)hardly副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，表示否定Hehardlydoeshomework.辨析：Hardly副词，意为“几乎不”Shewassoexcitedthatshecouldhardlysleep.Hard形容词，意为“难的；硬的”；Shefoundithardtodecide.副词，意为“努力地；猛烈地”Weshouldworkhard.(2013.山东临沂）Davidwassoexcitedatthegoodnewsthathecould_____sayaword.AnearlyBhardCeverDhardly4.September11,2001—thedatealonemeanssomethingtomostpeopleintheUS.1）此处alone作副词，意为“只有；仅仅”常用于名词或代词后Youalonecanhelpme.只有你才能帮助我。辨析：alone与onlyAlone“只有；仅仅”常用于被修饰的名词或代词后Only“只有；仅仅”，要放在所修饰的名词或代词前2）此处mean(meant,meant)作及物动词，意为“意思是”Thissignmeansthatcarsmuststop.Whatdoesthiswordmean?拓展meaning是名词，意为“意思；含义”，既是可数名词，又是不可