必修15NelsonMandelaamodernhero讲2019年高考英语一轮复习讲练测Word版

单元知识预览项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1．qualityn．质量；品质；性质2．activeadj.积极的；活跃的→activelyadv.积极地→activityn．活动3．devotevt.(与to连用)献身；专心于→devotedadj.忠实的，深爱的→devotionn．奉献4．foundvt.建立；建设5．principlen．法则；原则；原理6．peacefuladj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacen．和平7．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的→illegal(反义词)8．hopefuladj.怀有希望的；有希望的→hopeless(反义词)→hopen.&v．希望9．youthn．青年；青年时期10．votevt.&vi.投票；选举n．投票；选票；表决11．attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击12．violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.猛烈的，凶暴的13．equaladj.相等的，平等的→equallyadv.相等地→equalityn．同等，平等14．willingadj.乐意的；自愿的15．escapevi.逃脱；逃走；泄露16．educatevt.教育；训练→educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的→educationn．教育17．begvi.&vt.请求；乞求18．relativen．亲戚；亲属→relationn．关系→relationshipn．关系19．terrorn．恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动→terrorismn．恐怖主义→terroristn．恐怖分子20．rewardn．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏21．opinionn．意见；看法；主张晨读范文背诵[2018·浙江卷6月考]假定你是李华,你校英语协会招聘志愿者,接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘,内容包括:1.口语能力;2.相关经验;3.应聘目的。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。【参考范文】DearSir/Madam,重点短语1．outofwork失业2．asamatteroffact事实上3．introuble在危险/受罚/痛苦处境中4．turnto求助于；致力于5．loseheart丧失信心6．cometopower当权；上台7．setup设立；建立8．besentencedto被判处……(徒刑)9．worryabout担心10．beputintoprison被关进监狱11．blowup使充气；爆炸12．fightagainst对……而战13．goagainstthelaw违反法律14．bewillingtodosth.乐于干……15．beactiveinsth.积极从事……经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1．Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。2．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……直到那时我们才决定以暴还暴。3．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。必备语法（高级句型）名词性从句IamLiHua,aSenior3student.Hearingthatsomevolunteersarewantedtowelcometheforeignstudents,Iamgladlywritingtoapplyforthisjob.IdobelievethatIamveryqualifiedforthisvoluntarywork.Thereasonsareasfollows.Firstly,IhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishandIcancommunicatewithnativeEnglishspeakersfluently.Secondly,Ihavesomeexperienceinaccompanyingforeignfriends.IdobelievethevolunteerworkwillenablemetopractiseEnglishmorefluentlyandbroadenmyhorizons.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply!Yours,LiHua语言知识精析重点单词精讲考点-1．quality【教材原句】Andwhatqualitiesdoesagreatpersonhave?一个伟人应该具有哪些品质？【例句研读】(1)Hehasawatchofgoodquality.他有只_______的手表。(1)质量好(2)Onequalityofwoodisthatitcanburn.木材的一个_______是可以燃烧。(2)特性(3)It'scheapertobuygoodsinlargequantities.购物的________就便宜一些。(3)量大【拓展归纳】qualityn.质量；品质；性质，特征quantityn.数量beofgood/badquality好/坏的品质beofhigh/poorquality优/劣质extrafinequality特等first－ratequality一等【即时巩固】1.Patienceisanimportant____ofahappyandrewardinglife.Afterall,somethingsareworthwaitingfor.A．lessonB．experienceC．purposeD．quality【答案】D【解析】lesson教训；experience经历；purpose目的；quality品质，特性。根据句意可知，耐心应是一种品质。2.Weallagreethattheproductsofthisfactoryareofbetter________.A．qualityB．quantityC．principalD．identity考点-2devote【教材原句】Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.伟人是把一生致力于帮助别人的人。【例句研读】(1)Shedevotedherlifetimetohelpinghomelesschildren.她________无家可归的孩子。(2)Hiswholelifehasbeendevotedtostudyingtheoriginofcancer.他的一生都______对癌症起因的研究。(3)Afterhegraduated,hecontinuedtodevotehimselftoresearch.毕业之后他继续_______研究工作。【答案】(1)把一生用来帮助(2)献给了(3)致力于【拓展归纳】devotevt.(与to连用)献身；专心于devotedadj.热爱的；忠诚的devoteoneselftimeone'slifemoneyenergy＋tosth.把……用在，doingsth.把……献给sb.bedevotedto专心致志于；忠于；很喜欢adevotedfriend一位忠实的朋友【即时巩固】1.Weshould________ourselvesassiduouslyandfaithfullytothedutiesofourprofession.A．devoteB．spendC．offerD．provide【答案】A【解析】devote…to为习惯用语，意为“把……献给；把……专用于”。句意为“我们应当勤奋地而且忠诚地献身于我们的职责。”2.______tohisworkresultedinhisgreatsuccess.A．DevotingB．BeingdevotedC．DevotedD．Todevote【答案】B考点-3．Escape【教材原句】Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.那是一座任何人也逃不出去的监狱。【例句研读】(1)Thebirdhasescapedfromitscage.小鸟________已了。(1)从笼中逃掉(2)Isthegasescapingsomewhere?是不是有地方________？(2)漏气(3)Howcanweescapeobservation/beingobserved？我们怎样才不会________？(3)被人发现(4)Hisnameescapesmeforthemoment.我一时_________他的名字来。(4)想不起【拓展归纳】escapevi.逃脱；逃走vt.避免；免除n．逃跑；逸出；出口escapefrom从……逃脱，逃走escape＋n./doingsth.避免(做)某事anarrow/nearescape死里逃生fireescape太平梯，安全梯；安全出口【即时巩固】1.—Howdidyourfatherdealwithyou?—Wewereluckyto____beingpunished.A．admitB．escapeC．considerD．stop【答案】B【解析】词义辨析，admit承认容许;escape逃跑；consider考虑；stop停止，根据题意，你父亲怎么处理你们了？我们很幸运能逃脱惩罚。选B。2.Markoftenattemptstoescape_______wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.A．havingbeenfinedB．beingfinedC．tohavebeenfinedD．tobefined【答案】B【解析】考察escape的用法。escapedoingsth逃脱、避免干某事。句意为马克经常试图逃脱罚款，每当他违反交通规则的时候。考点-4equal【教材原句】ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。【例句研读】(1)Heequalsmeinstrengthbutnotinintelligence.他和我力气______，但智力不同。(1)相当(2)Aremenequaltowomeninphysicalstrength？在体力上男人和女人_______吗？(2)相同(3)Shedidnotfeelequaltoreceivingvisitors.她觉得自己_______接待来客。(3)不适合(4)YaoMingisabasketballplayerwithoutequalinChina.在中国，姚明是个______的篮球运动员。(4)无与伦比【拓展归纳】equalvt.等于；抵得上adj.相等的；胜任的n.同等/相等的人或物equalityn.平等AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上Bbeequalto＋n./doingsth.等于；与……相等；有……的能力(勇气、力量等)；胜任，能干bewithoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比【即时巩固】1.Overyears,China’sWomen’sTableTennisTeamisanexcellentgroup.Nownoteamcan_____it,whetherinspiritorinstrategyandskills.A．beatB．compareC．equalD．win【答案】C2.______,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuret