您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 行业资料 > 其它行业文档 > 蛋白质相互作用(protein-interaction)的研究方法
蛋白质相互作用的研究方法万维松2016-7-23为什么要进行蛋白质研究?(1)蛋白质是细胞的功能分子(2)蛋白质表达水平受到诸多因素的调控(3)DNA/RNA水平与蛋白质水平没有正相关性(4)DNA/RNA层面无法获知蛋白质翻译后修饰(5)蛋白质是药物治疗的重要靶位(6)蛋白质研究是后基因组时代的终极目标为什么要研究蛋白质的相互作用?蛋白质控制了细胞中的所有生物系统,但是,通常它们不是“单打独斗”,绝大多数蛋白质会与其他蛋白质相互作用,一起参与生命过程。稳定相互作用(Stableinteractions)指那些通常以多亚基复合物(multi-subunitcomplexes)纯化得到的相互作用蛋白,这些亚基可以是相同的,也可以是不同的。Eg:血红蛋白(αβ);核心RNA聚合酶(α2ββ’)瞬态相互作用(Transientinteractions)被认为控制了主要的细胞过程,它们的相互作用是暂时的,并需要一定的条件来促进相互作用,如甲基化、磷酸化、构象改变等。瞬态相互作用可强可弱,可快可慢。蛋白相互作用有哪些类型?蛋白相互作用的研究方法InVivo体内方法InVitro体外方法InSilico生物信息学方法蛋白相互作用的研究方法-InvivoInvivomethodsforproteininteractionanalysis.InVivoMethodsDescriptionYeastTwo-HybridSystemMonitorcomplexformationthroughtranscriptionalactivationofreportergenes.BioIDIdentificationofproteinsintheclosevicinityofaproteinofinterestinlivingcellswithamutantformofthebiotinligaseenzymeBirA(BirA*)IF/FRETDetectco-localizedsignalfromtwodifferentproteinsormonitorcomplexformationthoughtfluorescentresonanceenergytransfer.IP/Co-IPAnimmunoprecipitationexperimentdesignedtoaffinity-purifyabaitproteinantigentogetherwithitsbindingpartnerusingaspecificantibodyagainstthebait.SILAC细胞培养条件下稳定同位素标记技术SILAC+PAP+MSSILACreliesonmetabolicincorporationofagiven'light'or'heavy'formoftheaminoacidintotheproteins.Themethodreliesontheincorporationofaminoacidswithsubstitutedstableisotopicnuclei(e.g.2H,13C,15N).蛋白相互作用的研究方法-InvitroInvitromethodsforproteininteractionanalysis.InVitroMethodsDescriptionIP/Co-IPAnimmunoprecipitation(IP)experimentdesignedtoaffinity-purifyabaitproteinantigentogetherwithitsbindingpartnerusingaspecificantibodyagainstthebait.Pull-downAssaysAnaffinitychromatographymethodthatinvolvesusingataggedorlabeledbaittocreateaspecificaffinitymatrixthatwillenablebindingandpurificationofapreyproteinfromalysatesampleorotherprotein-containingmixture.Far-WesternAnalysisSimilarstrategytoWesternblottingwithonekeydifference.TheantibodyprobeinatypicalWesternblotdetectionissubstitutedwithanappropriatelylabeledbaitproteinastheprobe.TAP-MSTAP-MSisbasedonthedoubletaggingoftheproteinofinterestonitschromosomallocus,followedbyatwo-steppurificationprocessandmassspectroscopicanalysis.ProteinmicroarraysMicroarray-basedanalysisallowsthesimultaneousanalysisofthousandsofparameterswithinasingleexperiment.SurfacePlasmonResonanceRelatesbindinginformationtosmallchangesinrefractiveindicesoflaserlightreflectedfromgoldsurfacestowhichabaitproteinhasbeenattached.Changesareproportionaltotheextentofbinding.Speciallabelsandsamplepurificationarenotnecessary,andanalysisoccursinrealtime.MassSpectroscopyUsedinconcertwithaffinity-basedmethods(suchasco-IPs)toisolatebindingpartnersandcomplexesandtoidentifythecomponentproteinsusingstandardmassspectralmethods.蛋白相互作用的研究方法-InsilicoInsilicomethodsforproteininteractionanalysis.InsilicoMethodsDescriptionOrtholog-basedsequenceapproachOrtholog-basedsequenceapproachbasedonthehomologousnatureofthequeryproteinintheannotatedproteindatabasesusingpairwiselocalsequencealgorithm.Domain-pairs-basedsequenceapproachDomain-pairs-basedapproachpredictsproteininteactionsbasedondomain-domaininteractionsStructure-basedapproachesStructure-basedapproachespredictprotein-proteininteractioniftwoproteinshaveasimilarstructure(primary,secondary,ortertiary).PhylogenetictreeThephylogenetictreemethodpredictstheprotein-proteininteractionbasedontheevolutionhistoryoftheproteinPhylogeneticprofileThephylogeneticprofilepredictstheinteractionbetweentwoproteinsiftheysharethesamephylogeneticprofile.GeneexpressionThegeneexpressionpredictsinteractionbasedontheideathatproteinsfromthegenesbelongingtothecommonexpression-profilingclustersaremorelikelytointeractwitheachotherthanproteinsfromthegenesbelongingtodifferentclusters.常用研究技术MethodInteractionstypePropertyAdhibitionCo-IPStableorstrong内源筛选互作蛋白Pull-DownAssayStableorstrong外源筛选互作蛋白TAPStableorstrong标签筛选互作蛋白SILAC-PAPStableorstrong标签筛选互作蛋白BioIDTransient、weakorinsoluble内源筛选互作蛋白Far-WesternBlotAnalysisModeratelystable外源验证互作蛋白IPStableorstrong内源验证互作蛋白BiFcTransientorweak内源验证互作蛋白IP/Co-IP(内源)IP/Co-IP(内源)EndogenouslyexpressedFBXW7andHSF1interact.(a)NativeFBXW7wasimmunoprecipitated(IP)fromcellextractswithanti-FBXW7antibody,followedbyimmunoblottingasindicated.RabbitIgGwasusedascontrol.ArrowindicatesFBXW7ininput.BaitInteractingproteinPull-DownAssays(外源)GSTPolyHisPull-DownAssays(外源)IP、Co-IPandPull-Down比较AP(标签)AP:AffinityPurificationTAP:TandemAffinityPurificationPAP:ParallelAffinityPurificationTAP(Flag-SBP/HA)TAP是Co-IP的“近亲”,两者在寻找诱饵蛋白的互作蛋白以及纯化互作蛋白的原理类似。TAP引入了2个纯化标签(Flag,SBP或HA),经过2步纯化,能有效纯化裂解液中的靶蛋白及其复合物,并使非特异性蛋白的数量降至较低水平。实验组和对照组洗脱的蛋白分别做质谱,从实验组结果中扣除对照组中的蛋白,即可鉴定出与Bait互作的蛋白。技术优势:1、TAP/MS鉴定到的互作蛋白是细胞内与诱饵蛋白天然互作的,符合体内真实生理情况,可信度高。2、采用两步纯化,能有效减少非特异蛋白的结合。SILAC+PAP+MS与Co-IP、Pulldown相比,SILAC-PAP有以下优势:特异性强,假阳性极低;高通量,液质连用,能最大限度的寻找到相互作用的蛋白质;灵敏度高;能直接检测出与bait蛋白互作的其它蛋白的相对含量。邻近蛋白标记-BioIDBirA*是生物素连接酶BirA的一种突变体;具有捕获生物素标记邻近蛋白的能力,而不管是直接还是间接相互作用甚至仅仅是距离很近的被标记蛋白。应用:已经被成功地运用到研究哺乳动物细胞和单细胞原核生物的各种各样的蛋白中;特别适用于研究不易溶解或者很难得到的亚细胞结构蛋白;能够检测弱的,瞬时的蛋白相互作用。Far-WesternBlottingBaitproteinTagbaitproteinBiotinylatedbaitpeoteinFar-WBvsWBBiFCProtein
本文标题:蛋白质相互作用(protein-interaction)的研究方法
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-7444299 .html