_10HumanResourcesandJobDesign(运营管理,英文版)

TransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-1?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458OperationsManagementHumanResourcesandJobDesignChapter10TransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-2?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458Outline¨GlobalCompanyProfile:LucentTechnologies¨HumanResourceStrategyforCompetitiveAdvantage¨ConstraintsontheHumanResourceStrategy¨LaborPlanning¨EmploymentStabilityPolicies¨WorkSchedules¨JobClassificationsandWorkRulesTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-3?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458Outline-continued¨JobDesign¨LaborSpecialization¨JobExpansion¨PsychologicalComponentsofJobDesign¨Self-DirectedTeams¨MotivationandIncentiveSystems¨ErgonomicsandWorkMethods¨TheVisualWorkplace¨LaborStandardsTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-4?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458LearningObjectives¨Definejobdesign¨Describejobdesigncomponents¨Explainmotivationtheories&studies¨Defineworkmeasurement¨Describeworkmeasurementtechniques¨CalculatestandardtimeTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-5?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458LucentTechnologies¨FabricationplantsinPennsylvania,Florida,andSpain¨ManufacturingplantsinEngland,Mexico,Thailand,andSingapore¨揅leanroom?facility¨4crewschedule-daysforonehalfmonth,nightsforotherhalf¨Someworkers8-5tocoordinatewith搊utsidersTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-6?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458ObjectiveofHumanResourceStrategy¨TomanagelaboranddesignjobssopeopleareeffectivelyandefficientlyutilizedTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-7?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458PeopleandWorkSystemGoalsUsepeopleefficientlywithinconstraintsProvidereasonablequalityofworklife?1995CorelCorp.TransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-8?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458PeopleandWorkSystemAspectsJobDesignLaborStandardsTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-9?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458People&WorkDesignLocationstrategySchedulesProductstrategyLayoutstrategyProcessstrategyIndividualdifferences?1995CorelCorp.PeopleandWorkSystemConstraintsTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-10?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458LaborPlanning/StabilityPolicies¨Followdemandexactly¨keepsdirectlaborcoststiedcloselytoproduction¨incurscostsof¨hiring/firing¨unemploymentinsurance¨laborwagepremium¨Holdemploymentconstant¨maintainsatrainedworkforce¨incurscostsof¨idletimewhendemandislow¨meetingincreaseddemandwhendemandishighTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-11?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458WorkSchedules¨Standardworkschedule¨fiveeight-hourdays¨Flex-time¨allowsemployees,withinprescribedlimits,todeterminetheirownschedules¨Flexibleworkweek¨four10-hourdays¨Part-time¨lessthaneighthoursperday,oranirregularscheduleTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-12?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458JobClassificationsandWorkRules¨Specify¨whocandowhat¨whentheycandoit¨underwhatconditionstheycandoit¨Oftenresultofunionpressure¨Restrictsflexibilityinassignments;consequentlyrestrictsefficiencyofproductionTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-13?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458JobDesign¨Specifyingthetasksthatmakeupajobforanindividualorgroup¨Involvesdetermining¨Whatistobedone(i.e.,responses)¨Howitistobedone(i.e.,toolsetc.)¨Whyitistobedone(i.e.,purpose)¨Resultsinjobdescription¨Showsnatureofjobintask-relatedbehaviorsTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-14?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458ComponentsofJobDesign¨Jobspecialization¨Jobexpansion¨Psychologicalcomponents¨Self-directedteams¨Motivationandincentivesystems¨ErgonomicsandworkmethodsTransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-15?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458LaborSpecialization¨Involves¨Breakingjobsintosmallcomponentparts¨Assigningspecialiststodoeachpart¨FirstnotedbyAdamSmith(1876)¨Observedhowworkersinpinfactorydividedtasksintosmallercomponents¨Foundinmanufacturing&serviceindustries?1995CorelCorp.TransparencyMasterstoaccompanyOperationsManagement,5E(Heizer&Render)10-16?1998byPrenticeHall,Inc.ASimon&SchusterCompanyUpperSaddleRiver,N.J.07458¨Greaterdexterity&fasterlearning¨Lesslost