高中英语必修一-Unit5课本单元讲解(人教版)

高中英语必修一Unit5课本单元讲解（人教版）Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero知识点详解Ⅰ.常考单词必背1．qualityn．质量；品质；性质Wineofhighqualitycostsmorethanthatofpoorquality.优质酒比劣质酒花费多。[快速闪记](1)ofhigh/goodquality优质的oflow/poorquality劣质的inquality在质量上(2)形近意异词：quantityn．数量；大量2．meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的v.意思是；意欲，打算；意味着Don'tbesomeantoyourlittlebrother!别对你弟弟那么刻薄！[快速闪记](1)bemeantosb对某人刻薄meantodosth打算做某事meandoing意味着……bemeantfor为……而准备的bemeanttobe...注定成为……(2)meansn.方式；方法；途径3．devotevt.(与to连用)献身；专心于Shedevotedherselftohercareerandnevermarriedallherlife.她全力倾注于自己的事业，一生没有结婚。[快速闪记](1)devoteone'slife/energy/time...to(doing)sth把某人的生命/精力/时间……用在/献给(做)某事上devoteoneselfto献身于……；致力于……bedevotedto献身于；专心于(2)devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的devotionn.奉献；忠诚；专心4．foundvt.建立；建设Theyfounded/setupthecompanybythemselves.他们自己创办了这家公司。[快速闪记](1)found...on/upon...把……建在……上；把……基于……(此结构一般不用于进行时)(2)foundern．奠基者，创立者，创办人foundationn．建设，创立；基础5．guidancen．指导；领导guidevt.引路，指导n．指导者；向导，导游6．votevt.&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决Whetheryouvotefororagainsttheproposaldoesn'tseemtomatterverymuch.无论你对这项提议投赞成票还是反对票，好像都不是很重要。[快速闪记]votefor/against投票赞成/反对votethrough投票通过voteon...就……投票表决votetodo...投票做……7．attackvt.&n.进攻；攻击；抨击Hewasattackedforhisspeechonallthenewspapers.所有的报纸都因他的言论对他进行抨击。[快速闪记](1)attacksbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而责难某人beattackedwith患/得(病)(2)makeanattackon/against攻击，袭击；抨击underattack遭到攻击；遭到抨击8．equaladj.相等的；平等的v.等于；比得上，敌得过n.同等的人；相等物Itisevidentthatheisnotequaltothejob.显然，他不能胜任这个工作。[快速闪记](1)beequalto胜任；相等equalsbinsth在某方面与某人匹敌bewithoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比；无敌(2)equallyadv.平等地；同样地equalityn.平等；相等9．escapevi.逃脱；逃走；泄露n.逃跑；逃脱Shemanagedtoescapefromtheburningcar.她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。[快速闪记]escapefrom从……逃脱、逃跑escape＋n./doingsth避开(做)某事escapedeath死里逃生anarrowescape九死一生10．educatevt.教育；训练educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的Childrenshouldbeeducatedtoprotecttheenvironment.应该教育孩子们保护环境。[快速闪记](1)educatesbtodosth教育某人做某事educateoneself自学，自修beeducatedat/inacollege接受大学教育，上大学(2)educationn.教育educatorn.教育工作者；教育家11．rewardn.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏Theyrewardedhimforsavingthechild.他们因他救了那个小孩而奖赏他。[快速闪记](1)rewardsbfor(doing)sth为(做)某事奖赏某人rewardsbwithsth用……奖赏(酬谢)某人(2)asarewardfor作为酬谢；作为……的奖赏inreward(for)作为(对……的)回报、奖赏12．sentencevt.判决；宣判Hehasbeensentencedtopayafineof$200fordrunkdriving.他因酒驾被判罚款二百美元。[快速闪记]besentencedto被判处……(徒刑)sentencesbtodo...判决某人接受……的刑罚sentencesbtodeath判处某人死刑Ⅱ.高频短语必会1．asamatteroffact＝infact事实上I'mgoingtheretomorrow，asamatteroffact.其实，我明天是准备去那里。2．blowup使充气；爆炸AchemicalfactoryblewupintheNorthofEngland.英国北部的一座化工厂爆炸了。3．introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中[快速闪记](1)askfortrouble自找麻烦getintotrouble陷入困境takethetroubletodosth不辞劳苦地做某事maketrouble惹麻烦(2)inpain痛苦地inorder整齐地inanger愤怒地inpoverty在贫穷中4．turnto求助于；致力于Sheturnedtothestudyofmedicineaftergraduation.毕业后，她致力于医学研究。[快速闪记]turnaround/round转过去，转身turnup调高；出现turndown调低；拒绝turnon/off打开/关闭turnin上交turnout生产，制造；结果是……turnover翻过来；移交5．loseheart丧失勇气或信心[快速闪记]loseone'sheartto爱上、倾心于……learnsthbyheart背诵，牢记putone'sheartinto专心于breaksb'sheart使某人很伤心heartandsoul全心全意，完全地Ⅲ.写作句式必学1．Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress...过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步……2．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……直到那时我们才决定以暴力反抗暴力。3．ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这将有助于实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。4．Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.这是一座任何人都无法逃出的监狱。5．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次与一群人说话时我感到不舒服。Ⅳ.短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。AGreatPresidentAsthefounderoftherepublic，thepresidenthadmanygood__1__(quality)．Beforecomingtopower，hewasagenerouslawyer.Hewaswillingto__2__(selfless)helpeveryone__3__turnedtohim.Heacceptednofeetoofferlegalguidanceandopinionstothosewhowereoutofworkoruneducated.Later，__4__(believe)allmankindtobeequal，hedevoted__5__tostoppingtheunfairanti－blacklaws.HesetuptheBlackYouthLeagueandwasvotedtobetheleader.However，thoughhe__6__(keep)peacefulprincipleswithoutviolenceandterror，hismeanenemiesstillblewuphishouseandattackedhisrelatives，andhehimselfcouldn'tescape__7__(sentence)to30yearsinprison.Notfearingoftheprisonguards'__8__(cruel)，hekeptactiveandbeggednomercyfromthem.Asamatteroffact，hewasalways__9__(hope)andneverlostheartduringthestageeventhoughhewasintrouble.Finally，peoplerewardedhim__10__theleader'spositionandagoldblanket.【答案】1.qualities2.selflessly3.who4.believing5.himself6.kept7.beingsentenced8.cruelty9.hopeful10.withUnit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero单元练习Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．__Having_devoted__(devote)almostallourtimetoourschoolworkinthepastthreemonths,wehavealmostnotimeforfunandplay.解析：考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语是we,状语表示过去的时间inthepastthreemonths，因此用现在分词完成式。2．Thewetlandparkis__equally__(equal)attractiveinspringandautumn,fortheweatherispleasantinbothseasons.解析：考查副词。句意：湿地公园春秋两季同样迷人，这两个季节的气候都很好。由句意可知，填equally，意为“同等地”。3．AnincreasingnumberofproductsmadeinChinaare_of_goodqualitybutmuchlessexpensivethanthosefromabroad.解析：考查介词。句意：越来越多的国产货质量很好，价格比进口的便宜很多。beofgoodquality“质量好的”。4．Duringthepastfewyears,thetimeandmoneyhehasdevotedto__planting__(plant)treesinthatremoteareaisnowconsideredtobeofgreatvalue.解析：考查短语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，他投入了很多时间和金钱在偏远山区植树，现在被认为很有意义。devote...to...“把……投入到……”中to是介词。5．Inthegreatfire,hewasfortunatetoescape__being_killed__(k