初中英语语法介词j讲解详细版.ppt

一.表示时间介词三.表示方位介词二.表示地点介词四.表示方法、手段五.常见介词的搭配..........1介词1.是一种用来表示:词与词,:词与句之间的关系的词。2.在句中不能单独作句子成分介词后面一般有:名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词的含义..........2..........3什么是介词？它的作用是什么？1.Lookatme.()2.Hegoestoschoolbybike.()3.Heisinterestedindrawing.()4.Thebookisonthedesk.()代词名词动名词介词:通常用在_________、_______、_______之前，表示某个人、事物/东西、事件与另一个之间的_________。名词代词名词动名词关系..........4介词的主要分类：1.atthecinema,inthehospital__________2.Writewithapen,gobybus___________3.insummer,onSeptemper1st___________4.bytheway,atlast,intheend___________地点介词方式介词时间介词固定搭配..........5一.时间介词1.in年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）on具体某一天，星期、节日at钟点、节日、（一段时间）的起点注意：atnoon在中午atnight在夜间inthemorning在早上onthemorningofJuly1st在七月一日的早上onarainyday在雨天..........6.地点介词At:表示小地方用In:表示大地方用..........7一.地点介词1.atthevillage,athome,atthecornerofthestreet..______________________2.inShanghai,inthecountry,inAsia,intheworld,inspace…_______________________3.inthebox,onthechair,underthedesk,nexttoKate,ontherightofLucy,infrontofthehouse,behindthedoor…_________________________表示小地方用at表示大地方用in表示不同地方用具体不同的介词..........8填上正确的地点介词：1.在广州_______Guangzhou2.在电影院_______thecinema3.在湖边_______thelake4.在海里_______thesea5.树上的苹果apples______thetree6.书上的小鸟birds______thetree7.在天空上______thesky8.在农场上________thefarm19.在街道上________thestreetinatatinonininonin表示大地方用in..........9方式介词使用工具用介词with使用器官用介词with使用语言用介词in使用声音用介词in使用方法用介词in或by..........10二.方式介词1.writewithapen,cutwithaknife,lockwithalock…____________________2.seewithoureyes,dowithourhands,smellwithournoses,eatwithourmouths…____________________3.inEnglish,inFrench,inyourownwords,inthreelanguage…_____________________4.inaloudvoice,inalowvoice…___________________5.inthisway,bythismeans…___________________使用工具用介词with使用器官用介词with使用语言用介词in使用声音用介词in使用方法用介词in或by..........116.bybike,bybus,bytrain,byplane,byship,bycar…(onfoot)byland陆路，bysea水路，byair空运_________________但：onthebike,onthebus,onthetrain,ontheplane,ontheship,inthecar…7.①Shanghailies___theeastofChina.()②Japanlies_____theeastofChina.()③Hubeilies_____thenorthofHunan.()8.inareadcoat,thegirlinyellow,theboyinwhite…__________________9.lieinbed,afterawhile,inthesun（在阳光下）underthesun（天下，世界上；到底，究竟）使用交通工具用byintoon在中国内部在中国外部两地接壤表示穿衣服用in固定搭配()..........12三.时间介词1.atsixo’clock,atnoon,atthattime,athalfpastthree,atmid-night…________________2.onSunday,onNewYear’sDay,onMarch21st,onmybirthday…_________________3.inthreedays,inaweek,inamonth,inMay,in1998…_____________________4.inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening_____________________但：onthemorningofMay1st5.atnight=_________night6.intheday=inthe________表示点钟或具体一点时间用at表示在某一天用on表示大于一天的时间用in在早上/下午/傍晚用inintheday-time..........131.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis___themorningofJuly9.A.onB.inC.at2.Thetwinswereborn__aFridayevening.A.inB.onC.at3.WetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived__5o’clock__themorning.A.on,inB.at,inC.at,in4.Wefinishourlessons___11:30andthenhavearest__noon.A.in,inB.at,atC.in,at..........142.in+时间段在……之后（内），多用于将来时after+时间段在……之后，多用于过去时1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in2.Ourmanagercameback___anhour.A.inB.afterC.at..........153.for+时段since+时段+agosince+时间点since+一般过去时句子常用于现在完成时1.Hecamehere__1992,andhehaslivedhere___1992.A.in,forB.in,sinceC.since,since2.IhaveknownLiLei__overfiveyears.A.inB.sinceC.for..........163.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehe__here.A.comeB.cameC.comes4.Theoldmanhasbeenaway___twoyearsago.A.inB.sinceC.for..........174.before在……之前by到……时为止,不迟于……1.Hewon’tcomeback___five.A.beforeB.afterC.by2.Theworkmustbefinished__Friday.A.atB.byC.after3.Wehadthreemeetings___lastFriday.A.inB.beforeC.by..........182.above在……上方below在……下方,是above的反义词1.Thetemperaturewillfall__zeroatnight.A.belowB.aboveC.over2.Suddenlythereisaloudvoice___thetree.A.belowB.aboveC.on3.Thereisaclockonthewall.It’s___theblackboard.A.onB.inC.above..........19二.地点介词1.on在……的上面,与表面接触over在……的正上方,不接触表面under在……下面(是on,over的反义词)1.Look!Thereisabridge__theriver.A.onB.overC.above2.Canyouseetheegg___theplate?A.onB.inC.over3.Thelight__usisverybright.A.overB.underC.on..........204.Aroadis___ourcityandthereismuchtraffic___it.A.on,overB.above,onC.over,on5.Thesunrose___thehorizon(地平线).A.onB.aboveC.over注意:on接触平面over在平面的正上方above在上方..........213.in+大地方at+小地方on+门牌，某层楼1.Myunclelive___F12__thefifthfloor.A.at,onB.in,onC.on,at2.Theyarrived___Beijingat12:00andwaitedforabus___thestationtothehotel.A.at,inB.in,onC.in,at..........22表示在……上时，不是都用on，有时须用in。在树上inthetree用于指树上的鸟、人等。onthetree用于指生长在树上的叶子、果实。在墙上inthewall镶嵌在墙内，指窗户、门、钉子等。onthewall在墙的表面之上，指地图、画像等。在报纸上inthenewspaper用于指报上的内容。onthenewspaper用于指放在报纸上的东西，如眼镜等。in,on..........232.in里面，排、行、组on左、右边at前、后部1.Weare___TeamOne.Isit__thefrontoftheclassroom.LiPingis___myleft.A.on,in,atB.in,in,atC.in,at,on2.Ihaveagoodseat.Isit__thebus.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof3.Theteacherisstanding___ourclassandgiveatalk.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof..........243.to表目的地或去的目的for动身去某地1.Hegotonatrain___Shanghai.A.toB.forC.towards2.Wilyoutakeatrain___Tianjian.A.toB.forC.at3.I’mleaving____Beijingnextweek.A.toB.forC.towards..........251.in在某范围之内to在某范围之内on与某地相邻、接壤1.Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenortho