高二英语上学期Unit1GreatScientists

浅析分词热点考题及对应策略请看此题，Thestormleft，______alotofdamagetothisarea．A．causedB．tohavecausedC．tocauseD．havingcaused本题考查的是现在分词作结果状语。该题意为：暴风雨过后，给这一地区造成了巨大的损失。本句的谓语动词1eft为过去式，意指在暴风雨停止之前已造成巨大损失，表示cause这一动作发生在1eave之前，故此选D项。顺便在这里说说分词的用法和常考点。分词主要起着形容词与副词的作用，高考侧重考查状语功能、定语功能、宾语补足语功能和独立主格结构的有关用法。一、分词的状语功能1．ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,_______thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere．A．havingaddedB．toaddC．addingD．added2．Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries_______itthemostpopularsportintheworld．A．makingB．makesC．madeD．tomake解析1：C。这里“补充”为伴随性动作，也是一个主动性动作，应用现在分词作伴随状语。解析2：A。该句表示：欧式足球运动在八十个国家开展的结果是，它使欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动。显然应用现在分词作结果状语。小结：分词可作时间、条件、结果、原因、伴随等状语，现在分词作状语，表示主动或进行的动作，过去分词状语表示被动或完成的动作，此时分词的逻辑主语是主句的主语，应注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。二、分词的定语功能3．Mostoftheartists______tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica．A．invitedB．toinviteC．beinginvitedD．hadbeeninvited4．Thecomputercenter，_______lastyear，isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool．A．openB．openingC．havingopenedD．opened解析3：A。客人是已被邀请参加晚会的，所以应用过去分词作定语，表示完成了的动作和主谓之间的被动语态关系。解析4：D。电脑中心是去年(被)开张的，既是完成又是被动的动作，应用过去分词作定语。小结：现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作或主动的动作，过去分词作定语表示完成了的或被动动作，此时可换成相应的定语从句。三、分词的宾语补足语功能5．Soontheycouldseesteam_______fromthewetclothes．A．riseB．risingC．risenD．berising6．Theyknewherverywell．Theyhadseenher_______upfromchildhood．A．growB．grewC．wasgrowingD．togrow解析5：B。该空表示水蒸气正从衣服上升起，应用现在分词作补足语，表示动作正在进行。解析6：A。该句强调她已长大成人，而不强调她正在成长，应用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。特别提醒：不定式作宾补的意义不同于作其他成分，表示完成或将要做的动作。小结：分词常作宾语补足语，其中现在分词表示正在进行的或主动的动作，过去分词表示完成了或被动的动作。四、分词的独立主格结构7．Themurdererwasbroughtin，withhishands_______behindhisback．A．beingB．havingtiedC．tobetiedD．tied8．Withhislipsstill_______，hecouldn’tsayaword．A．tremblingB．trembleC．totrembleD．tobetrembling解析7：D。凶手的双手一定是被绑在背后，应用过去分词构成的独立主格结构作伴随状语，表示被动动作。解析8：A。他说不出话的原因是因为他的嘴唇仍在颤抖，应用现在分词的独立主格结构作原因状语，表示动作自主发出并正在进行。小结：分词的独立性结构就是指带有分词逻辑主语的结构，在句中可作时间、条件、原因、伴随等状语，其逻辑主语前边也可加上介词，其中现在分词仍表示进行的动作或主动的动作，过去分词仍表示完成了或被动的动作。同步练习1.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting2.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_______thegirlandtookheraway,_______intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing3.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_____inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked4.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin5.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_______foranotherhour.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaiting6._______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered7.Thebell______theendoftheperiodrang,______ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted8.______fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.Beingsufferedinformation.9.HesentmeanE-mail,______togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope10.The______boywaslastseen_______neartheEastLake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay11.Thepicture______onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung12.Wecan'tgooutinthisweather,saidBob,_______outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked13.Don'tleavethewater______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun14.MoreandmorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,______advantageofthehealthandrelaxationbenefits.A.takingB.takenC.havingtakenD.havingbeentaken15.Inthepast,thiswork,__highlyskilled,wasusuallydonebymen.A.consideringB.toconsiderC.beingconsideredD.considered16.It'snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.______theanswerreadywillbeofgreathelp.A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having17.Youcan'tcatchme!Janetshouted,________away.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran18.Therewasaterriblenoise______thesuddenburstoflight.A.followingB.tobefollowedC.followedD.beingfollowed19.______thechildtobed,shebegantocorrectthepupils'exercises.A.SendingB.BeingsentC.SentD.Havingsent20.________areply,wedecidednottowaitanylonger.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived21.Weexpressedoursatisfactionwiththetalk,_______thatwewouldvisitthecityagain.A.havingaddedB.addingC.toaddD.added22.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor,_________Call68837822.A.readingB.readsC.toreadD,read23._________fromthespace,theGreatWallliesinthemountainstikeahugedragon.A.SeeingB.SeenC.ToseeD.Havingseen24.Ishouldsaysorrytohim.Iregrettohelphimthatday.A.refusingB.torefuseC.refusedD.refuse25.When_______,icechangesintowater.A.toheatB.heatingC.heatedD.theyareheated26.Hedivediht0thewater,________onlyhisfaceA.leaving;exposedB.leaving;exposingC.left;exposedD.left;exposing27.________manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.ThoughhehadbeenB.HavingbeentoldC.HavingtoldD.Hehadbeentold28._______hisaddress,Icouldn'tgotoseehimyesterday.A.NotknownB.KnownnotC.KnowingnotD.Notknowing29.Readingthisinstructivebook,___________.A.tearscametohiseyesB.hiseyeswerefilledwithtearsC.heburstintotearsD.hiseyeswerefulloftears30.________,wehadto