高一英语下Unit20单元测试2

Unit20Humor●目标导引Ⅰ.单词及短语mostly,practice,appreciate,lay,fortunately,aswellasⅡ.语法分词作宾补●●内容精讲Ⅰ.单词及短语精讲1.mostlyadv.大多数，大部分，在多数情况下(侧重强调数量)e.g.Themedicinewasmostlysugarandwater.这种药大部分是糖和水。Sheuseshercarmostlyforgoingtoshops.多数情况下，她用她的车是为了去购物。比较：almostadv.几乎，差不多(侧重强调程度)e.g.Ihavealmostfinishedmyintroductiontothebook.我差不多快写完这本书的简介了。Christmaswasalmostathand.圣诞节快到了。2.practicen.练习［u.］;做法，习惯［c.］；动词为：practise形容词为：practical实际的，实用的e.g.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。Youwillgetoverthatwithpractice.通过练习你会克服那一点的。e.g.Itisadangerouspracticetogetoffabusbeforeitstops.在车停之前下车是危险的做法。Itismypracticetoriseearly.我习惯早起。动词用法：e.g.YoumustpractisespeakingEnglishmore.你必须多练习说英语。Marypractisesonthepianoeveryday.玛丽每天练习弹钢琴。形容词用法：e.g.Itsoundslikeagoodidea,buttherearesomepracticaldifficulties.这个主意听起来不错，不过有一些实际困难。Yourinventionisclever,butnotverypractical.你的发明很不错，不过不太实用。3.appreciatev.欣赏；感激，名词为：appreciatione.g.Hisabilitieswerenotappreciatedinhisjob.他的工作能力没得到赏识。Shedoesn'tappreciategoodwine.她不会欣赏好酒。e.g.Iappreciateyourhelp.感谢您的帮忙。I'dappreciateitifyouwouldturntheradiodown.请你把收音机音调小点。4.layvt..放(在……上)；架设，敷设；生(蛋)e.g.Hewentoverandlaiddownhiscuponthetray.他走过去，把杯子放在拖盘上。Abridgeistobelaidacrosstheriver.河上将架一座桥。Aturtlelaysmanyeggsatatime.海龟一次下许多蛋。lay…aside放在一边，搁一搁(暂不处理)；存蓄e.g.Plansforthenewbuildingwerelaidaside.盖新楼的计划被搁至一边。Helaysalittleasideeveryweekforhisoldage.他每周存一点钱为了养老。5.fortunatelyadv.幸好反义词为unfortunately形容词为:fortunate名词为：fortune钱财；命运；幸运e.g.Fortunately,hefoundthemoneythathe'dlost.幸好他找到了丢的钱。名词用法：e.g.Hemadealargefortunebysellingcars.通过卖车，他发了财。HewenttoAmericatoseekhisfortune.他去美国找出路。Afortune-tellertoldhershewouldmarryaforeigner.算命的说她会嫁个外国人。Ⅱ.句子精讲6.Cross-dressingmenorwomenoftenappearonthestage.演员们经常穿着异性服装出现在舞台上。appearvi.出现,反义词为disappear;名词为appearance。e.g.Ifyoudidn'tappearbyseveno'clock,Iwon'tbecomingatall.如果你7点钟还不到，我就绝不会来了。Hernewbookwillbeappearingintheshopsverysoon.很快商店就会出售她的新书。appear还表示似乎，好像，看来，相当于seem,用法如下：(1)appear(tobe)adj./noun.e.g.Hemayappear(tobe)afool,butactuallyhe'squiteclever.他可能看起来很傻，不过实际上他相当聪明。(2)Itappearsso/not.(用做答语)e.g.“Willshehavetohaveanoperation?”“Itappearsso/not.”“她非做手术不可吗？”“看来是的/不是”。(3)Itappearsthatsb./sth.do…=sb./sth.appearstodo…e.g.Itappearsthatthey'velostinterest.=Theyappeartohavelostinterest.看起来他们已经不感兴趣了。用法类似的动词还有：Ithappens/turnsoutthat……碰巧……结果(最终，原来)……e.g.Ithappenedthathewasintheclassroom.=Hehappenedtobeintheclassroom.碰巧他在教室里。7.Peoplemakeuslaughbymakingfunofsomebody'swayofdressingortellinganamusingstory.拿别人的穿着方式开玩笑，或者讲一个有趣的故事，都会使我们发笑。amusingadj.引人发笑的,有趣的,动词形式为amuse,名词为amusemente.g.Idon'tfindhisjokesveryamusing.我觉得他的笑话不怎么好笑。Hissillyjokesamusedthechildren.他的笑话让孩子们笑了。Weweregreatlyamusedtohearabouthimsittingonthewetpaint.听到他坐了一屁股的油漆，我们都得好笑。Toeveryone'samusementtheactorfelloffthestage.演员从台上摔下来把大家逗乐了。amuse(使开心，使发笑)有两种分词形式的形容词amusing表示使人/令人发笑的，amused表示(人)觉得好笑的；且amuse的名词可用于“toone's+抽象名词”这一结构中，表示使某人感到……的是。类似的词语还有：worry,excite,tire,interest,surprise,shock(使震惊)，astonish(使惊呆)，amaze(使惊奇)，puzzle,confuse(使迷惑/糊涂)，satisfy(使满意)，move(使感动)，frighten(使害怕)disappointe.g.ItwasamazingthatIcamefirst.=IwasamazedthatIcamefirst.=ItamazedmethatIcamefirst.=TomyamazementIcamefirst.使我大为吃惊的是我竟得了第一名。8.Comediesalsoplayonwordstocreatefun.喜剧也利用双关语制造笑料。playonwords(使用)双关语wordn.此词不同意义总结：(1)字,词,话e.g.Tellmewhathappenedinyourownwords.用你自己的话告诉我发生了什么事。(2)消息［u.］e.g.Wordofhissuccesssoongotaround.他成功的消息很快传开了。Wordcamethathehadsucceeded.有消息传来说他赢了。(3)诺言，保证e.g.keepone'sword遵守诺言breakone'sword违背诺言givesb.one'sword向某人保证(4)其他词组：inaword总之，简言之inotherword换句话说haveawordwithsb.和某人谈话havewordswithsb.和某人吵架9.Skilledartistsmakeuseofalltherichnessofthespokenlanguagetocreatearapidflowoffun.有经验的艺术家会利用口语中各种丰富的元素使观众很快就流露出愉悦。makeuseof利用make构成的短语还有：(1)bemadeof/from/ine.g.ThiscarismadeinJapan.这辆车产于日本。(2)makeup构成，编造e.g.Thisteamismadeupofelevenplayers.这支队伍由11人组成。(3)makeupfor弥补e.g.We'reworkinghardtotryandmakeupforlosttime.我们正在努力，试图补偿损失的时间。(4)makeupone'sminde.g.Theymadeuptheirmindstogiveupsmoking.他们下定决心要戒烟。(5)makefunof拿……开玩笑e.g.Don'tmakefunofme.别取笑我。10.Idecidedtolookonthewholematterasagreatjoke!我决定把整件事当成一个玩笑。lookonsb./sth.as……=lookuponsb./sth.as……把……看成……e.g.Ilookonhimasmybestfriend.我把他当成我最好的朋友。look构成的短语还有：(1)lookdownupon/on看不起，轻视e.g.Weshouldn'tlookdownuponthedisabled.我们不应该瞧不起残疾人。(2)lookbackon/tosth.回顾e.g.theycan'thelplookingbacktothepast.他们情不自禁地回顾起过去。(3)lookforwardto…期盼，to当介词e.g.We'relookingforwardtoseeingyou.我们盼望着见到你。(4)lookinto……调查e.g.Bepatient.I'lllookintothematterinnotime.耐心些，我会尽快调查此事。(5)lookthrough浏览，逐一检查e.g.Shelookedthroughhernotesbeforetheexamination.考试前她匆匆看了一遍笔记。(6)looksb./sth.upanddown上下打量e.g.Helookedthepooryoungmanupanddown.他上上下下打量着这个穷苦的年轻人。(7)lookuptosb.(as…)尊敬e.g.Theyalllookeduptohimastheirleader.他们都尊他为他们的领袖。11.NowIjokeandsaytoeveryonethatIdaretellmymanagerexactlywhatIthinkofhim.现在我开玩笑地对大家说我敢告诉我的经理我对他真正的看法。darev.aux.(情态动词)&vt.敢情态动词用法：(1)时态(过去时可用dare也可用dared)e.g.Noonedare/daredspeakofit.(2)否定句e.g.Idaren'taskherforarise.我不敢要求她加薪。(3)疑问句e.g.Howdarehetakemybicyclewithoutevenasking？他怎么敢连问也不问就把我的自行车骑走了？实义动词用法：e.g.(1)Idare(to)behavelikethatinmyhouse.在我的房子里我敢那样做。(2)Ididn'tdare(to)move.我不敢动了。(4)Hehadneverdared(to)askhertogo