兰州一中2014-2015年高一上学期英语期末试题及答案

本试卷满分100分，考试时间100分钟。交卷时只交答题卡。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。AMostpeoplebuyalotofgiftsjustbeforeChristmas.Butsomepeoplethinkwebuytoomuch.TheyhavestartedaspecialdaycalledBuyNothingDay.Theydon’twantanyonetogoshoppingthatday.BuyNothingDayisNovember29.It’s25daysbeforeChristmas.It’safterThanksgivingandoftenthefirstdayofChristmasshopping.Atthistime,weseeadsinnewspapersandonTVtellingusto“buy,buy,buy!”TheideaforBuyNothingDaystartedinVancouver,BritishColumbia.NowpeopleallovertheworldcelebrateBuyNothingDay.InCalifornia,parentsandchildrengettogethertoreadstories,singsongs,andpaintpictures.Thechildrentalkaboutwhytheydon’tneedalotoftoys.Thisyear,inManchester,England,peopledresseduptotellpeoplethatwebuytoomuch.InAlbuquerque,NewMexico,highschoolstudentswantedtotellotherstudentsaboutBuyNothingDay.TheyorganizedaspaghettidinnertogivepeopleinformationaboutBuyNothingDay.Theyaskedrestaurantsintheneighborhoodtodonatethefood.Theymadepostersandtalkedtootherstudentsaboutit.Thedinnerwasabigsuccess,andmanystudentsagreednottobuyanythingonNovember29.Thestudentsathighschoollikedtheideaofthisnewtradition.Nextyear,theywanttohaveanotherdinnertotellmorepeopleaboutBuyNothingDay!1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthedayforpeopletocelebrateBuyNothingDay?A.ThefirstdayafterChristmas.B.25daysbeforeChristmas.C.AfterThanksgiving.D.November292.Whendopeopleusuallydoshopping?A.BeforeThanksgiving.B.OnChristmas.C.Anytime.D.BeforeChristmas.3.HowdopeoplecelebrateBuyNothingDay?A.InCalifornia,parentsandchildrengettogethertoplaygames.B.InEngland,peoplecelebratedbyperformingplays.C.Theyboughtnothingandmadetheothersdecidenotto.D.InMexico,highschoolstudentsdressedup.BTheiPhone,theiPad:eachofApple’sproductssoundscoolandhasbecomeafad(一时的风尚).Applehascleverlytakenadvantageofthepoweroftheletter“i”–--andmanyotherbrandsarefollowingsuit.TheBBC’siPlayer---whichallowsWebuserstowatchTVprogramsontheInternet---usedthetitlein2008.Alovelybear---popularintheUSandUK---thatplaysmusicandvideoiscalled“iTeddy”.Aslimmed-downversion(简装本)ofLondon’sIndependentnewspaperwasstartedlastweekunderthename“i”.Ingeneral,single-letterprefixes(前缀)havebeenpopularsincethe1990s,whentermssuchase-mailande-commerce(电子商务)firstcameintouse.Most“i”productsaretargetedat（针对）youngpeopleandconsideringthemajorreadersofIndependent’s“i”,it’snosurprisethatthey’veselectedthisfashionablename.Butit’shardtoseewhat’ssospecialabouttheletter“i”.Whynotuse“a”,“b”,or“c”instead?AccordingtoTonyThorne,headoftheLanguageCenteratKing’sCollege,London,“i”worksbecauseitsmeaninghasbecomeambiguous.WhenAppleuses“i”,nooneknowswhetheritmeansInternet,information,individualorinteractive,ThornetoldBBCMagazines.“EvenwhenApplecreatedtheiPod,itseemsitdidn’thaveonecleardefinition（定义）,”hesays.“However,thankstoApple,thetermisnowconnectedwithportability(轻便).”addsThorne.Clearlytheletter“i”alsoagreeswiththeideathattheWesternWorldiscenteredontheindividual.Eachpersonbelievestheyhavetheirownneeds,andwelovepersonalizedproductsforthisreason.Alongwith“Google”and“blog”,readersofBBCMagazinesvoted“i”asoneofthetop20wordsthathavecometodefinethelastdecade(十年).Butashistoryshows,peoplegrowtiredoffads.Fromthe1900sto1990s,productswith“2000”intheirnamesbecamefashionableastheyearwasconnectedwithallthingsadvancedandmodern.However,asweenteredthenewcentury,thefashiondisappeared.4.PeopleuseiPlayerto__________.A.listentomusicB.makeacallC.watchTVprogramsonlineD.readnewspapers5.WecaninferthattheIndependent’s“i”isdesignedfor_________.A.youngreadersB.oldreadersC.fashionablewomenD.engineers6.Theunderlinedword“ambiguous”means“__________”.A.popularB.uncertainC.clearD.unique7.Nowadays,the“i”termoftenremindspeopleoftheproductswhichare__________.A.portableB.environmentallyfriendlyC.advancedD.recyclable8.Thewritersuggeststhat__________.A.“i”productsareoftenofhighqualityB.iTeddyisalivebearC.theletter“b”replacesletter“i”tonametheproductsD.thepopularityof“i”productsmaynotlastlongCNextStop:PlanetMarsFlymetothemoon?That’snotfarenough.OnSeptember14,2011,NASAreleaseddesignsforasuperrocket,theSpaceLaunchSystem(SLS).ThistimethefinaldestinationwillbeMars.TheSLSisahuge,liquid–fuelledrocket.Ifitisfullydeveloped,itwillbethemostpowerfulrocketeverbuilt.ItsliftcapabilitywillbemuchbiggerthanthatofthespaceshuttleofSaturn5,therocketthatsenttheApollomissionstothemoon.NASAisplanningtolaunchitsfirstunmannedtestflightin2017.Itishopedthatthefirstcrewwillflyin2021andastronautswillmakeittoanearbyasteroid(小行星)in2025.NASAhopestosendtherocketandastronautstoMarsfromtheasteroidbythe2030s,accordingtotheAssociatedPress(AP).NASAusedliquidrocketstosendApollo,GeminiandMercuryintospace,butlaterchangedtosolidrocketsboosters(助推火箭)becausetheywerecheaper.Tragically,however,aboosterflaw(缺陷)causedthespaceshuttleChallengertocrashin1986.Thenewprojectplanstoreturntoliquidfuel.AccordingtoAP,therocketswillatfirstbeabletocarry77to110tonsofpayload(净载重量).Eventuallytheywillbeabletocarry143tonsintospace,maybeevenasmanyas165tons,NASAofficialssaid.Bycomparison,theSaturn5boostercouldlift130tonsandthespa