(完整word版)裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记第68课

Lesson68纠缠不休PersistentNewwordsandexpressionspersistentadj.坚持的，固执的avoidv.避开insistv.坚持做persistent1）（人，行为）不屈不饶的；执拗的，顽固的persistenteffortseg.Hewaspersistentinhisquestion.他一直追问到底。2）（事物）持久的，不断的（lasting）persistentrainpersistentpainpersistentnoisepersistentbackachepersist[pə'sist]v.persistinsth/doing…坚持，执意eg.Doeshealwayspersistinhisopinionlikethat?eg.Shepersistedintakingherdogwithher.eg.Hewillpersistinridingthatdreadfulbicycle.eg.Hepersistsinbelievingthathewasright.persistencen.[u.不可数名词]坚持不懈,执意,持续eg.Hispersistencetouchesme.avoidv.避开,躲避;避免,预防avoid+n./doingeg.Fortunately,wewereabletoavoidanaccident.eg.Thecarturnedtothelefttoavoidacollision.eg.Hecrossedthestreettoavoidseeingme.eg.Trytoavoiddrivinginrushhours.avoidsb/sthliketheplague.极力回避，尽早躲开avoidableadj.可避免的v.+able可…了,能够…lovable可爱的washable耐洗的acceptableunderstandablen.+able------adj.comfortable/agreeablemiserable/suitableinsistv.坚持做insistonsth/doing坚持或坚决要求（某事物）insistthatsb(should)do…eg.Iinsistonyourcomingwithus.eg.Iinsistthatyou(should)gowithus.eg.HeinsistedthatI(should)apologize.eg.Heinsistedongoingswimming.insistv.坚持说，坚信，固执的声称eg.Sheinsistedthatshewasinnocent.eg.IinsistedthatIhadn’tdonethat.insistentadj.坚持的，不容拒绝或反对的insistencen.[u]insistenceon/aboutsth区别insiston/persistinstickto/keeponinsistonn./doing坚持要求，坚持认为（要求，看法，主张，意见）eg.Sheinsistedonheropinionatthemeeting.eg.Sheinsistedongoingwithus.insist+that从句有两种情况：1）“坚决认为，说”，从句用陈述语气。eg.TheArabinsistedthathehadneverseenthecamel.2)”坚决要，坚决要求”，从句用虚拟语气。eg.Heinsistedthatshe(should)leave.persistinn./doing表示对某种活动坚持不懈或某种信念不改，固执eg.Heinsistedonplayinggolf.(玩了没有，不知道。)eg.Hepersistedinpracticinggolfforanhour.(坚持练了一小时，动作已发生)stickton./doing坚持不放弃愿望，原则，决定，诺言，理想…eg.WeshouldsticktothestudyofMarxism-Leninism.马克思列宁主义eg.Sticktoit!keepon:continuetodo(“on”是adv.”继续”之意)eg.Wekeptonworkingalthoughwearetired.eg.Keeponpracticingandyou’llspeakEnglishwell.KeyStructures----动名词的应用1.动名词作动词宾语avoiddoingsthenjoydoingsthdenydoingsthfancydoingsth以下动词常跟动名词作宾语：admitappreciateavoidcompletedelaydenyenjoyfancyfinishmindstandpractiseresentrisksuggestallowpermiteg.Healwaysavoidstravelingduringrushhours.eg.Heenjoysplayingfootball.eg.Hecompletelydeniestakingit.eg.Fancymeetingyouhere.eg.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?eg.Idon’tmindwaiting.eg.Ican’tstandpeopleshoutingandpushing.2.固定结构：It’snousedoing…eg.It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.It’sworthdoing…It’snotworthdoing…eg.It’snotworthworryingabout.bebusydoingeg.Can’tyouseeI’mbusywriting?dosomeshoppingdosomewashing3.动名词的逻辑主语的表达形式eg.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?eg.Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?eg.Doyoumindsmoking?eg.Doyoumindmysmoking?eg.Fancywritingaletterlikethat!eg.Fancyherwritingaletterlikethat!eg.Hisleavingisagreatloss.eg.Motherdislikesmyworkinglate.eg.John’shavingseenherdidnotmakeherworried.现在分词与动名词的比较：4.see,hear,smell,noticesee,hear,smell,notice…sbdoingsee,hear,smell,notice…sbdosee,hear,smell,notice…sbdoneeg.Isawhimcoming.eg.Heheardmeopeningthedoor.eg.Icansmellsomethingburning.eg.Iheardhimsinginginthenextroom.5.go与come加现在分词：godancinggoswimminggoridinggoshoppinggoskatinggoskiingeg.Let’sgodancing.eg.Iwentshoppingthismorning.eg.Comeswimmingwithmetomorrow.TextIcrossedthestreettoavoidmeetinghim,buthesawmeandcamerunningtowardsme.avoiddoing…avoidmakingthesamemistakerunning是现在分词作状语ItwasnousepretendingthatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.It’snouse+v.ing(v-ing短语是真正的主语，it作形式主语)eg.It’snousecomplainingaboutit.pretendthat…eg.Hepretendedthathewasworkinghard.pretendtodo…eg.Hepretendedtobedeadwhenhemetabear.pretendtobedoing…eg.Theboyspretendedtobesleeping.wavetosbeg.Iwavedagreetingtotheteacher.我挥手向老师问好eg.Iwavedhimgoodbye.我挥手向他道别。eg.Iwavedhimout.我挥手叫他出去。eg.Iwavedhimback.我挥手叫他回来。IneverenjoymeetingNigelDykes.Heneverhasanythingtodo.1)enjoydoing2)连用两个never，表示强烈的感情色彩3)anything(todo),不定式修饰anything。Nomatterhowbusyyouare,healwaysinsistsoncomingwithyou.nomatterhow(what,which,who,where,when)无论如何（什么，哪一个，谁，何地，何时）eg.Nomatterwhathappens(mayhappen),don’tbediscouraged.insistondoing…Ihadtothinkofawayofpreventinghimfromfollowingmearoundallmorning.thinkofawayofdoing…preventsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事或者可以说stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事keepsbfromdoing阻止某人做某事（这里的from不能省略）eg.Hersuddenarrivalpreventedhimfromgoingout.eg.Theirpromptactionspreventedthefirefromspreading.preventionn.eg.Preventionisbetterthancure.(谚)预防胜于治疗。preventiveadj.预防的,防止的preventivemeasuresagainstfire防火措施preventivemedicine预防医学preventing与following为动名词,作介词宾语。'Hello,Nigel,'Isaid.'Fancymeetingyouhere!'fancy想象fancy+宾语+as/tobeeg.Ican’tfancyhimas/tobeanEnglishteacher.fancydoing…想象（某人）做…eg.FancyGeorgereadingsuchdifficultbooks!fancythat…eg.Ifancy(that)Ihavemethersomewhere.fancyn.空想，幻想fancy（是非现实的）imagination（是既现实又实际的）productsoffancy空想产物eg.Heshuthimselfinaworldofidlefancy.他把自己关在捕风捉影的幻想世界中fancyadj.精致的,花哨的eg.Theseshoesaretoofancyforme.afancytie精致的领带afancydress化装用的服装afancyparty化妆舞会'Hi,Elizabeth,'Nigelanswered.'Iwasjustwonderinghowtospendthemorning--untilIsawyou.howtodo…做wonder的宾语You'renotbusydoinganything,areyou?'bebusy(in)doing反义疑问句：是以附加疑问句的形式对肯定陈述句或否定陈述句作出的一种回应。日常会话中经常用反意疑问句询问进一步的情况，以求确认，或者表示兴趣，关心，愤怒，惊讶，不相信，怀疑等，或表示正在聆听谈话。1）当表示请求提供更多的