EPA Method 24

1180METHOD24-DETERMINATIONOFVOLATILEMATTERCONTENT,WATERCONTENT,DENSITY,VOLUMESOLIDS,ANDWEIGHTSOLIDSOFSURFACECOATINGS1.0ScopeandApplication.1.1Analytes.AnalyteCASNo.VolatileorganiccompoundsNoCASNumberassignedWater7732-18-51.2Applicability.Thismethodisapplicableforthedeterminationofvolatilemattercontent,watercontent,density,volumesolids,andweightsolidsofpaint,varnish,lacquer,orotherrelatedsurfacecoatings.1.3PrecisionandBias.Intra-andinter-laboratoryanalyticalprecisionstatementsarepresentedinSection13.1.Nobiashasbeenidentified.2.0SummaryofMethod.2.1Standardmethodsareusedtodeterminethevolatilemattercontent,watercontent,density,volumesolids,andweightsolidsofpaint,varnish,lacquer,orotherrelatedsurfacecoatings.3.0Definitions.3.1Waterbornecoatingmeansanycoatingwhichcontainsmorethan5percentwaterbyweightinitsvolatilefraction.11813.2Multicomponentcoatingsarecoatingsthatarepackagedintwoormoreparts,whicharecombinedbeforeapplication.Uponcombinationacoreactantfromonepartofthecoatingchemicallyreacts,atambientconditions,withacoreactantfromanotherpartofthecoating.3.3Ultraviolet(UV)radiation-curedcoatingsarecoatingswhichcontainunreactedmonomersthatarepolymerizedbyexposuretoultravioletlight.4.0Interferences.[Reserved]5.0Safety.5.1Disclaimer.Thismethodmayinvolvehazardousmaterials,operations,andequipment.Thistestmethodmaynotaddressallofthesafetyproblemsassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthistestmethodtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesandtodeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortoperformingthistestmethod.5.2HazardousComponents.Severalofthecompoundsthatmaybecontainedinthecoatingsanalyzedbythismethodmaybeirritatingorcorrosivetotissues(e.g.,heptane)ormaybetoxic(e.g.,benzene,methylalcohol).Nearlyallarefirehazards.Appropriateprecautionscanbefoundinreferencedocuments,suchasReference3ofSection16.0.11826.0EquipmentandSupplies.TheequipmentandsuppliesspecifiedintheASTMmethodslistedinSections6.1through6.6(incorporatedbyreference-see§60.17foracceptableversionsofthemethods)arerequired:6.1ASTMD1475-60,80,or90,StandardTestMethodforDensityofPaint,Varnish,Lacquer,andRelatedProducts.6.2ASTMD2369-81,87,90,92,93,or95,StandardTestMethodforVolatileContentofCoatings.6.3ASTMD3792-79or91,StandardTestMethodforWaterContentofWaterReduciblePaintsbyDirectInjectionintoaGasChromatograph.6.4ASTMD4017-81,90,or96a,StandardTestMethodforWaterinPaintsandPaintMaterialsbytheKarlFischerTitrationMethod.6.5ASTM4457-85(Reapproved1991),StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofDichloromethaneand1,1,1-TrichloroethaneinPaintsandCoatingsbyDirectInjectionintoaGasChromatograph.6.6ASTMD5403-93,StandardTestMethodsforVolatileContentofRadiationCurableMaterials.7.0ReagentsandStandards.11837.1ThereagentsandstandardsspecifiedintheASTMmethodslistedinSections6.1through6.6arerequired.8.0SampleCollection,Preservation,Storage,andTransport.8.1Followthesamplecollection,preservation,storage,andtransportproceduresdescribedinReference1ofSection16.0.9.0QualityControl.9.1Reproducibility(NOTE:NotapplicabletoUVradiation-curedcoatings).Thevarietyofcoatingsthatmaybesubjecttoanalysismakesitnecessarytoverifytheabilityoftheanalystandtheanalyticalprocedurestoobtainreproducibleresultsforthecoatingstested.Verificationisaccomplishedbyrunningduplicateanalysesoneachsampletested(Sections11.2through11.4)andcomparingtheresultswiththeintra-laboratoryprecisionstatements(Section13.1)foreachparameter.9.2ConfidenceLimitsforWaterborneCoatings.BecauseoftheinherentincreasedimprecisioninthedeterminationoftheVOCcontentofwaterbornecoatingsastheweightpercentofwaterincreases,measuredparametersforwaterbornecoatingsarereplacedwithappropriateconfidencelimits(Section12.6).Theseconfidencelimits1184arebasedonmeasuredparametersandinter-laboratoryprecisionstatements.10.0CalibrationandStandardization.10.1PerformthecalibrationandstandardizationproceduresspecifiedintheASTMmethodslistedinSections6.1through6.6.11.0AnalyticalProcedure.AdditionalguidancecanbefoundinReference2ofSection16.0.11.1NonThin-filmUltravioletRadiation-cured(UVradiation-cured)Coatings.11.1.1VolatileContent.UsetheprocedureinASTMD5403todeterminethevolatilemattercontentofthecoatingexceptthecuringtestdescribedinNOTE2ofASTMD5403isrequired.11.1.2WaterContent.Todeterminewatercontent,followSection11.3.2.11.1.3CoatingDensity.Todeterminecoatingdensity,followSection11.3.3.11.1.4SolidsContent.Todeterminesolidscontent,followSection11.3.4.11.1.5Todetermineifacoatingorinkcanbeclassifiedasathin-filmUVcuredcoatingorink,usetheequationinSection12.2.IfCislessthan0.2gandAis1185greaterthanorequalto225cm2(35in2)thenthecoatingorinkisconsideredathin-filmUVradiation-curedcoatingandASTMD5403isnotapplicable.NOTE:AsnotedinSection1.4ofASTMD5403,thismethodmaynotbeapplicabletoradiationcurablematerialswhereinthevolatilematerialiswater.11.2Multi-componentCoatings.11.2.1SamplePreparation.11.2.1.1Prepareabout100mlofsamplebymixingthecomponentsinastoragecontainer,suchasaglassjarwithascrewtoporametalcanwithacap.Thestoragecontainershouldbejustlargeenoughtoholdthemixture