焦化废水处理工艺设计书

----某焦化废水治理工艺设计作者姓名：XXX专业名称：环境工程指导教师：XXX讲师----摘要焦化废水中含有大量的氨氮以及多种有毒的有机化合物，如多环芳烃等成分复杂的化合物。从组成成分上讲，焦化废水必然会造成环境废染、影响人体健康。处理焦化废水的方法有许多，生物法以其在经济上可行性较好的特点而得到广泛应用。本文为某焦化废水处理工艺设计，规模为300立方米/日。废水处理流程为：进厂废水从泵房到隔油池，然后流入气浮池，气浮池出水进入调节池，调节池出水进入A/O反应池，再进入二次沉淀池，二次沉淀池出水进入混凝沉淀池，最后出水。污泥处理的流程为：从二沉池以及混凝沉淀池排出的剩余污泥进入污泥浓缩池，再进入污泥脱水间，最后外运处置。废水处理后的出水优于国家《综合废水排放标准》(GB8978-1996)一级标准。选择A/O工艺处理焦化废水，在脱氮方面的效率要明显高于SBR法以及CASS氧化沟等方法。关键词：A/O工艺；焦化废水；脱氮----AbstractCoke-plantwastewatergeneratedfromcoal-cookingprocessescontainshighlevelsofNH3-N.ApartfromNH3-Ncoke-plsntwastewatercontainsvariousgroupsoftoxicorganiccompoundssuchaspolynucleararomatichydrocarbons(PAHs)andheterocycliccompounds.Fromacompositionalpointofview,colk-plantwastewaterthereforepresentsadverseenvironmentalandheltheffects.Severalmethods(physic-chemicalandbiologicalmethods)havebeenemployedintheremovalofNH3-NandCODfromcoke-plantwastewater.Thebiologicalmethodsaremostoftenemployedbecauseoftheireconomicaadvantagesoverphysical-chemicalmethods.Thisarticleisadesignofoneprojectforthetreatmentofcoke-plantwastewater.Theconstructionofthisprojectis300m3perday.Theprocessisthat:thewastwaterrunsfrompumphousetogreasetrap,enterstheflotationtank,entersregulationpool,thenentersA/Oreactortank,entersthesecondarysedimentationtank,thenentersthecoagulationandsedimentationtank,atlastletsout.Theprocessofthesludgeisthat:thesurplussludgefromthesedimentationtankenterssludgethickener,thenentersdehydrationhouse,thenitisdehydrated,atlastitiscarriedoutoftheplant.TheoutletwateroftheplantmeetstheleveloneoftheNationalDischargeStandardofSteelindustrystandardsforwaterpollutants(GB8978-1996).SelectingtheAnoxic-Oxicsystemforthetreatmentofcoke-plantwastewaterismoreefficientthanthecraftofSBRandthecraftofCASSetc.Itcantakelargequantityofthenitrogenfromcoke-plantwastewater.Keywords：TheAnoxic-Oxic;Cokeplantwastewater;Takingoffthenitrogen----目录摘要..................................................ABSTRACT...............................................目录..................................................I前言..................................................01焦化废水概述........................................11.1焦化废水概况...................................11.1.1焦化废水来源与组成.........................11.1.2焦化废水的特点及危害.......................31.2国内外焦化废水处理技术.........................41.2.1物理化学法.................................51.2.2生化处理法.................................51.2.3化学处理法.................................62水质分析和处理工艺选择..............................82.1建厂当地自然条件................................82.1.1来源组成.....................................82.1.2水质特征.....................................92.1.3排放量......................................92.2排放标准.......................................102.3.1焦化废水水质.................................102.4处理工艺的选择................................102.4.1处理工艺流程选择应考虑的因素..............102.4.2工艺对比..................................112.4.3工艺选择..................................142.4.4A/O工艺原理...............................142.5各段工艺去除率................................153主体构筑物设计....................................173.1格栅...........................................173.2集水池.........................................193.3隔油池........................................203.4调节池........................................213.5事故池........................................22----3.6缺氧池........................................223.8二沉池.........................................25混合反应池.........................................273.10混凝沉淀池....................................283.11污泥浓缩池...................................293.12回流水井.....................................304设备选型...........................................314.1格栅设计选型..................................314.2风机选型......................................314.4废水污泥泵选型................................314.5加药装置选型...................................324.5.1加药装置选型..............................324.6污泥脱水机选型................................334.7搅拌机选型....................................334.8刮泥机及撇油机选型............................335废水处理厂总体布置.................................335.1废水处理厂平面布置............................335.1.1废水处理厂平面布置原则....................335.1.2废水处理厂平面布置........................365.2废水处理厂高程布置............................365.2.1废水处理厂高程布置方法....................365.2.2本废水处理厂高程计算......................386劳动定员及附属构筑物...............................396.1劳动定员......................................396.2附属构筑物....................................396.3附属化验设备..................................407投资及运营费用分析................................417.1土建投资估算..................................417.2设备投资估算..................................427.3运行费用估算..................................44结论...............................................46致谢.................................................47参考文献..............................................48----前言水是地球的重要组成部分，也是生物机体不可缺少的组分，人类的生存和发展离不开水资源。地球上约有97.3%的水是海水，它覆盖了地球表面的70%以上，但由于海水是含有大量矿物盐类的“咸水”，不宜被人类直接使用。这样，人类生命和生产活动能直接利用且易于取得的淡水资源就十分有限，不足总水量的3%，且其中约3/4以冰川、冰帽等固态的形式存在于南北极地，人类很难使用。与人类关系最密切、又较易开发利用的淡水储量约为4×106km3，仅占地球上总水量