通用版2021届高考英语一轮复习第9讲虚拟语气学案含解析

1Lesson9虚拟语气问题层级图不会做虚拟语气题目目标层级图能够完成虚拟语气题目LV3操作？2课前诊断一.单项选择1.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey________afewmorekilometers.A.droveB.woulddriveC.weretodriveD.haddriven2.Ifthenewsafetysystem________touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.A.hadbeenputB.wereputC.shouldbeputD.wouldbeput3.Ifwe________theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.A.hadcaughtB.caughtC.havecaughtD.wouldcatch4.IwishI________atmysister'sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.A.willbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen5.---DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?---Yes.Otherwise,I________abletoreachheryesterday.A.hadn'tbeenB.wouldn'thavebeenC.weren'tD.wouldn'tbe二.用所给词的适当形式填空1.---Iwenttotheconcertlastnight.Itwasfantastic!---Youaresolucky!HowIwishI________(get)thetickettoo.2.Canyouimaginewhatthemodernworld________(be)likewithoutsmart-phones?3.Ifhe________(be)morecareful,hewouldhavegotmuchbetterresultsinthefinals.4.IfMike________(have)thehalf-cookedfoodthen,hewouldnotbeinhospitalnow.5.Waitersarerequestedtotreateverycustomerasifthey________(be)guestsintheirownhouse.课中讲解一.理解真实条件句和非真实条件句LV2理解1.虚拟语气的定义IwishIwerearichman.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotaccepthisinvitation.通过观察上面两个例句，可以发现说话人表达的是自己的_________或_________，所说的话是一种条件，不是_________，或者与事实相反。2.虚拟语气中真实条件句和非真实条件句的区分10’M3(1)Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathome.(2)IfIhadworkedhardbefore,Iwouldhavesucceededbefore.通过观察以上两个例句，可以发现(1)句中的条件能够或_________实现的句子叫_________；(2)句中的条件不能或_________实现的叫_________,也叫虚拟条件句。【小试牛刀】判断下列句子是否是非真实条件句。(1)Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathome.(2)Let’sgoshoppingifyouarenotbusy.(3)IfIwereyou,Iwouldplantsometreesroundthehouse.(4)Ifeveryoneprotectstheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemorebeautiful.(5)IfIhadworkedhardbefore,Iwouldhavesucceededbefore.(6)Youmustbecarefulifyougoswimmingintheriver.(7)Ifyouweretohaveafewfreeminutes,Iwouldappreciatetheopportunitytoaskyouonemorequestion.(8)Ifyouhadlistenedtohisspeechattentively,youshouldhaveknownthathisachievementwasnotallfromgoodluck.二.判断虚拟语气题目LV2理解判断以下题目哪些是虚拟语气题目1.Thefire________bythepeopleintheneighborhoodbeforethefiremancame.A.hasbeenputoutB.willbeputoutC.hadbeenputoutD.wouldbeputout2.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey________afewmorekilometers.A.droveB.woulddriveC.weretodriveD.haddriven观察上面两道例题，可以看出两道题都是考查谓语动词的形式，但是，不同的是，第1题实际上考的时态题，而第2句题干中出现了由if引导的条件状语从句，根据之前学过的真实条件句和非真实条件句的区分，可以判断出if引导的从句是一种假想，所以是非真实条件句，虚拟语气，所以第2题考的是虚拟语气。因此，判断虚拟语气题目的方法是：在题目中找虚拟语气常见的标志词：if,wish,or,orelse,without,otherwise,butfor等等。【精讲精练】15’M41.Ifthenewsafetysystem________touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.2.ThebookcoverstheknowledgeIwishI________fiveyearsago.3.---WhendoyouwanttovisitMr.Smithwithme?---Wheneveryou________(have)time.4.---DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?---Yes.Otherwise,I________abletoreachheryesterday.5.Itisluckywebookedaroom,orwe________(have)nowheretostaynow.6.Bynow516ConfuciusInstitutes________(found)in142countriesandregions,accordingtotheConfuciusInstituteHeadquarters.三.状语从句类虚拟语气题目LV3操作1.If条件句虚拟时间从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在did/wereshould/would/could/might+do过去haddoneshould/would/could/might+havedone将来did/wereto+do/should+doshould/would/could/might+do2.错综时间条件句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。如：Ifyouhadjustfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore,hewouldbeabletospeakitmuchbetternow.如果他以前花费更多的时间练习说英语，他现在就能说得好得多。3.if省略句当条件状语从句中谓语含有were,had,should,可省略if，同时把were,had,should提到从句句首，变为倒装句式。IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.____________________,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.____________________,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.5____________________,wewouldnotgoclimbing.注意：若省略的条件状语从句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。正确说法：Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.错误说法：Weren’tnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.4.含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句。①连接词or,orelse,withoutotherwise,but,butfor,butthat等等②I'mreallybusy,otherwise(＝ifIweren'tsobusy),Iwouldcertainlygowithyou.ButthatIsawit(＝IfIhadnotseenit),Icouldnothavebelievedit.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars(ifyouhadamilliondollars)?Withoutyourhelp,wecouldnotfinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp,…=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,…=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,…【精讲精练】1.Ifyou________therightmap,wewouldn’thavegotlost.A.haveboughtB.boughtC.hadboughtD.wouldbuy2.---Shallwetakethe10:20train?---No.Ifwetookthattrain,we________toolate.A.arriveB.arrivedC.willarriveD.wouldarrive3.Ifyouhadworkedhard,you________soanxiousnow.A.arenotB.wouldnothavebeenC.willnotbeD.wouldnotbe4.We________thetopofthemountainbutforthisawfulweather.Itrainedallday.A.willreachB.wouldreachC.havereachedD.wouldhavereached5.ThebookcoverstheknowledgeIwishI________fiveyearsago.A.knewB.hadknownC.wouldknowD.wouldhaveknown6.Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasifnothing________.A.hadhappenedB.happenedC.wouldhappenD.wouldhavehappened【小试牛刀】5’M61.Thankyou,Jack.WithoutyourconstantsupportI________thosehardtimes.A.couldn’thavepulledthroughB.couldn’tpullthroughC.can’thavepulledthroughD.can’tpullthrough2.Ifyouha