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当前位置:首页 > 临时分类 > 2020届中考英语语法专练 定语从句讲解及真题专练
2020届中考语法专练之定语从句讲解及配套真题专练定语从句起了形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用,二是在从句中担当一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworkingTheboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar..whose人,物定语Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.that人,物主语,宾语Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.which物主语,宾语Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人,物主语,宾语Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhichwhere地点地点状语ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhichwhy原因原因状语Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhichII.that与which,who,whom的用法区别:情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1.先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时。2.先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时3.先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4.先行词既指人又指物时5.先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时6.句中已经有who或which时,为了避免重复时1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenout.3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.5.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.6.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?只用which,who,whom的情况1.在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which指代物,用who/whom指人2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能用which指物,whom指人。3.先行词本身是that时,关系词用which,先行词为those,one,he时多用who。Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.III.as与which的区别:定语从句区别例句限制性名词前有such和thesame修饰时,关系Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.定语从句中代词用as,不能用whichDon’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如,象”的含义,并可以放在主句前,也可以放在后面,那么用as;而which引导的从句只能放主句后,并无“正如”的意思。Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.IV.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别:类别语法意义及特征例句限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用,如果去掉,主句意思就不完整明确,这种从句与主句的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开。TheaccidenthappenedatthetimewhenIleft.非限制性定语从句对先行词作附加的说明,与主句的关系不十分密切,较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开,相当于一个插入语,不能用that引导,关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。Hismother,whomheloveddeeply,diedtenyearsago.定语从句1.Thecharitieshavehelpedmorechildrenwiththemoney_______peopleraise.(2019.江苏淮安)A.whoB.whatC.whereD.which2.DuFuguoisaheroisknowntomillionsofChinesepeople.(2019福建)A.whoB.whichC.what3.Themovie____IhaveseentwiceisTheWanderingEarth.(2019甘肃兰州)A.whoB.whichC.whereD.when4.—HaveyouseenthefilmTheWanderingEarth(流浪地球)?(2019甘肃天水)—Yes.It'sthebestone______________Ihaveeverseen.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.it5.Iprefermusic_____hasgreatlyrics(2019甘肃敦煌).A.whoB.whoseC.thatD./6.Notallchildren____watchthisvideowillbecomeascientist,butsomemaybecomeinterestedinscience.(2019广东)A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose7.—Hey,Anna.WouldyouliketoseeTheWhiteStormwithme?—Youmean,thenewpolicestory_____wasfilmedbyChenMusheng?(2019广西玉林)A.whoB.whatC.whoseD.which8.Sweetwormwood(青蒿)isacommonplantinChinaandTuYouyouisthewoman_________usedthespecialpoweroftheplanttosave__________lives.(2019贵州安顺)A.which,millionsofB.who,millionsofC.whose,millionofD.who,millionof9.—Doyouknowtheboyoverthere?—Theone__isholdingaball?Oh,that’smyneighborPhil.(2019河南)A.whatB.whichC.whoD.不填10.Thebook___Ireadlastnightwasfantastic.(2019黑龙江大庆)A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.who11.—Haveyougotreadyforthesoccergame?—Yes.I’vedoneeverything____Icantowinthegame.A.whoB.thatC.which12.—TomorrowisFather’sDay.What’syoursurpriseforyourfather?—Thefirstthing____Iwilldoistomakeacardforhim.(2019湖北黄冈)A.whoB.whereC.whoseD.that13.Chinaisgettingbetteratmakinghi-techproducts______canbeboughtinallpartsoftheworld.(2019湖南长沙)A.whoB.whichC.what14.Alltheclassmatesenjoyedthecake_________Imadeattheparty.Itwasreallydelicious(2019湖南郴州)A.thatB.whoC.what15.Mr.Brownisateacherisstrictwithallisstudents.(2019吉林)A.whichB.whoC.where16.Sittingdownafterawalkisrelaxing.Butwouldyouliketositonaseat_____tellyouyourweight?(2019呼和浩特)A./B.whoC.whomD.that17.–Doyouknowtheman____________spokeatthemeetingjustnow?-No,Idon’tknow.(2019山东滨州)BA.whatB.whoC.whichD.whose18.(1分)﹣﹣Frank,look!Whoarethechildrenunderthetree___waitinginaline?﹣﹣TheyarethestudentsfromNo.1PrimarySchool.(2019年四川省达州)A.thatareB.whereareC.whichisD.whois19.Successalwaysbelongstothosehavetriedtheirbesttomaketheirdreamscometrue.(2019四川眉山)A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which20.Thebook______waswrittenbyhimisveryinteresting.(2019四川内江)A.whoB.whomC.whichD./21.PeppaPig(《小猪佩奇》)isaBritishcartoon_________hasbeenpopularinChinaandismuchlovedbylittlechildrenandtheirparents.(2019山东临沂)A.whoB.whichC./答案:1.DABAC6.CDBCA11.BDBAB16.DBAAC21B
本文标题:2020届中考英语语法专练 定语从句讲解及真题专练
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