2020版高考英语大一轮复习 语法专题突破 专题四 形容词和副词课件 北师大版

专题四形容词和副词考情概览-2-高考感悟考点归纳Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)Hescreamstheloudest(loud)ofall.2.(2018·浙江卷)Therecouldbeanevenhigher(high)costonyourhealth.3.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslonger(long)thannon-runners.4.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotalglobal(globe)fertilizerconsumption.5.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷)Itiscertainly(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.考情概览-3-高考感悟考点归纳6.(2017·浙江卷)Sixteenyearsearlier(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocookameal.7.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷)Evenworse(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.8.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemostsuccessful(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.考情概览-4-高考感悟考点归纳Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)Immediate,Iraisedmyhand.Immediate→Immediately2.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.happily→happy3.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationfromtheInternet.Beside→Besides4.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.earlier→early考情概览-5-高考感悟考点归纳5.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷)Theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.suddenly→sudden考情概览-6-高考感悟考点归纳考点一形容词与副词的比较级1.形容词与副词比较级和最高级的构成规则◆规则变化构成例词原级比较级最高级单音节的词一般情况下直接加-er和-estsmallsmallersmallestgreatgreatergreatesthardharderhardest以e结尾的单音节词和少数以-ble结尾的双音节词加-r和-stnicenicernicestcutecutercutestableablerablest考情概览-7-高考感悟考点归纳构成例词原级比较级最高级以一个辅音字母结尾,且前面只有一个元音的词,双写辅音字母后再加-er和-estfatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先把y变为i再加-er和-esteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,加-er和-estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest考情概览-8-高考感悟考点归纳构成例词原级比较级最高级其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词一般在前面加more和mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulpopularmorepopularmostpopularefficientlymoreefficientlymostefficiently考情概览-9-高考感悟考点归纳特别提醒①有少数几个双音节形容词,既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是:common,handsome,quiet,wicked,pleasant,cruel,stupid和以-ow,-er结尾的词。②有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度,因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有:right(正确的),wrong(错误的),excellent(优秀的),favourite(最喜爱的),possible(可能的),empty(空的)等。考情概览-10-高考感悟考点归纳◆不规则变化原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestbad,illworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest考情概览-11-高考感悟考点归纳2.两者相比用“比较级+than”表示。如:Robertjumpsmuchhigherthananyoftheothers.Whilefindinginformationiseasierthanever,atthesametime,researchinghasbecomemorecomplex.3.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),alot,alittle,agreatdeal,byfar,abit等。如:Tonycanhardlyboilanegg,stilllesscookdinner.Ifeelmuchbettertoday.4.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”表示“越……,就越……”。如:Thelongeryoustayhome,thebetter(itwillbe).5.“the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词”表示“两者中较……的那个”。Thetallerofthetwoboysismycousin.考情概览-12-高考感悟考点归纳6.“a/an+形容词比较级+名词”表示“一个更……的……”。Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforeabetteroneisputforward,we’llmakedowithit.7.“比较级+and+比较级”的结构,表示“越来越……”。Thegirlbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.8.“no+比较级+than”表示“和……一样不”。Heisnotallerthanhisbrother.9.more...than...表示一个人两种品质的比较,意为“与其……倒不如……”。Heismoreshythanunfriendly.10.某些以-ior结尾的形容词,与to搭配。如:junior,senior,superior等。ThebookissuperiortothatoneIjustfinishedreading.考情概览-13-高考感悟考点归纳考点二形容词与副词的最高级1.三者或者三者以上的比较用最高级,表示最高级的词前要用定冠词the。最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notreally,notquite等。Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itisthebestonehehasevergot.ThisisbyfarthemostinspiringmoviethatIhaveeverseen.2.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义。—WhatdoyouthinkofyournewiPad?—Good.Idon’tthinkIcanfindabetterone.3.“比较级+thananyother+单数名词”表示最高级意义,意思为“比其他任何……都……”。Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.考情概览-14-高考感悟考点归纳考点三形容词与副词的原级表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面相同时,用“as+形容词(副词)原级+as”的结构;表示双方不相同时,用“notso(as)+形容词(副词)原级+as”结构。如:Thereareasmallnumberofpeopleinvolved,possiblyasfewastwenty.Thisbuildinglooksnotso(as)highasthatone.常用as...as结构的词组:1.aslongas只要IwillworkaslongasIlive.2.asfaras远到……;就……而言AsfarasIknow,heisreliable.考情概览-15-高考感悟考点归纳3.ashighas高达……Theaveragecostofonedayinahospitalinthatcountrycanrunashighas$400.4.assoonas一……就……IwillcallyouupassoonasIgetthere.5.aswellas既……又;和……一样好Hewhoplaysthepianoaswellashisfatherhasexperienceaswellasknowledge.6.asgoodas与……一样;几乎;简直;和……一样好考情概览-16-高考感悟考点归纳考点四倍数的表达1.Ais+倍数+比较级+than+B.2.Ais+倍数+as+原级+as+B.3.Ais+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height等)+of+B.4.Ais+倍数+that+of+B.考情概览-17-高考感悟考点归纳5.Ais+倍数+what引导的名词性从句.Thisbuildingisthreetimeshigherthanthatone.这个建筑物比那个建筑物高两倍。Thisbuildingisthreetimesashighasthatone.=Thisbuildingisthreetimestheheightofthatone.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的三倍高。Theoutputofthisyearis3timesthatof2013.=Theoutputofthisyearis3timeswhatitwasin2013.今年的产量是2013年的三倍。It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwiceaslargeaswhatitwas.据说,现在这个发电厂是原来的两倍大了。考情概览-18-高考感悟考点归纳考点五常用的分词形容词和副词有些动词的分词可以用做形容词,在该形容词后加-ly则可以构成相应的副词。形容词副词exciting令人兴奋的excited兴奋的excitingly令人兴奋地excitedly兴奋地disappointing令人失望的disappointed失望的disappointingly令人失望地disappointedly失望地surprising令人吃惊的surprised吃惊的surprisingly令人吃惊地surprisedly吃惊地shocking令人震惊的shocked震惊的shockingly令人震惊地shockedly震惊地考情概览-19-高考感悟考点归纳形容词副词amazing令人惊奇的amazed感到惊奇的amazingly令人惊奇地amazedly感到惊奇地interesting有趣的interested感兴趣的interestingly有趣地interestedly感兴趣地embarrassing令人尴尬的embarrassed感到尴尬的emb