2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 Life in the future Section

-1-SectionⅡ—LearningaboutLanguageYUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳一二三一、选出画线部分在句子中做状语的类型A.原因状语B.让步状语C.条件状语D.结果状语E.时间状语1.Toldthathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.2.Havingbrokendownonthehighway,hiscarwascarriedawaybythepolice.3.Givenafewminutes,I’llfinishit.4.Explainedahundredtimes,hestillcan’tunderstandit.5.Hefelloffatalltree,hislegbroken.答案：1.E2.A3.C4.B5.DYUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳一二三二、仿照例句把下列定语从句改为过去分词作定语的形式例:MostofthescientistswhowereinvitedtothepartywerefromAmerica.→MostofthescientistsinvitedtothepartywerefromAmerica.1.Allthewindowsthatwerebrokenhavebeenrepaired.→Allthewindowshavebeenrepaired.2.Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindthathaseverbeenwritten.→Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindever.3.Whoweretheso-calledguestswhohadbeeninvitedtoyourpartylastnight?→Whoweretheso-calledgueststoyourpartylastnight?brokenwritteninvitedYUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳一二三4.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases,whichareknownonlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.→Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrasesonlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.5.Pricesofdailygoodswhichareboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.→Pricesofdailygoodsthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.knownboughtYUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳一二三三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Thedisco,digitally(record)inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.2.(read)aloudinthereadingroomisabadhabit.3.Theprizeofthegameshowis$30,000andanall-expense-(pay)vacationtoChina.4.(consider)hewasjustalittleboy,wedidn’tpunishhim.5.(see)fromthetopfloor,thegardenlooksmorebeautiful.recordedReadingpaidConsideringSeenYUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳121.Whenwewantedthehoveringcarriagetospeedup...当我们想让气垫车加速时……考点speedup加速He’llnevergetthereontimeunlesshespeedsup.如果他不加速就不能按时到那儿。Theyhavespeededupproduction.他们加快了生产速度。Dadsteppedonthegasandthecarspeededupto100kph.爸爸一踩油门,车速冲到每小时一百千米。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12(1)speedup既是不及物动词短语,又是及物动词短语。speed的过去式和过去分词有两种形式:①当词义为“增加……的速度或速率”时,是规则动词。Theyhavespeededupthetrainservice.他们已提高了火车的运行速度。Thetrainsoonspeededup.火车很快就加速了。②当词义为“(使)速进,(使)速行”时,是不规则动词。Hespeddownthestreet.他沿街急走。Thecarspedpasttheschool.汽车迅速驶过学校。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12(2)speed也可用作名词,其常见短语有:ataspeedof以……的速度pickupspeed加速withgreatspeed快速地atfull/topspeed全速地speedlimit车速限制,最高车速YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12活学活用语法填空(1)Thenewsystemwillspeedtheregistrationprocess.(2)Howexciting!Idrovemynewcaraspeedof80kphonSundaymorning.句子翻译(3)你必须提高你的车速。upatYoumustspeedupyourcar.YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12完成句子(4)这种药会加快她的康复。Themedicinewill.句型转换(5)Thetrainbegantopickupspeedafteritpulledoutofthestation.Thetrainbegantoafteritpulledoutofthestation.speedupherrecoveryspeedupYUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳122.Grammar:过去分词(3)——过去分词做状语和定语的基本用法考点一过去分词做状语概述过去分词做状语时,像动词-ing形式做状语一样,修饰谓语,很多都是用来说明动作发生的背景或情况,意义上相当于状语从句。一般来说,分词结构的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。过去分词做状语可以分为以下几种情况:YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12分类说明例句时间状语表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,也可在过去分词前加上连词“when,while,until”等,使其时间意义更明确①Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.从山上看,这个公园看上去非常美丽。②Don’tspeakuntilspokento.=Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.当别人和你讲话时,你才能讲话。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12分类说明例句原因状语表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句③Surroundedbyhissonsandgrandchildren,theoldmanfelthappy.儿孙绕膝,老人十分开心。④Deeplymovedbythestory,theexcitedpeoplestoppedquarrellingwitheachother.激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了,停止了争吵。条件状语可加连词if,unless等转换成条件状语从句⑤Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.多给我们点时间,我们会做得更好。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12分类说明例句让步状语有时可用although,though,evenif,eventhough,whether...or等连词转换成让步状语从句⑥Thoughwarnedofthestorm,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.=Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.虽然农民们已被告知将有暴风雨,但他们仍然在地里干活。方式、伴随状语表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明,加and可转换成并列结构⑦Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,followedbyagroupofstudents.=Theteacherenteredtheclassroomandhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.老师走进教室,后面跟着一群学生。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12考点二过去分词做状语的注意点(1)过去分词做状语时,前面往往可带有when,if,while,though,evenif等连词,这样就能使过去分词所表示的意义更加明确。这种带有连词的过去分词结构通常可看作是一种省略句,句中省略的部分是“主语+be动词的相应变化形式”,省略的主语通常与主句的主语相同。Thoughdefeatedforasecondtime,hestilldidn’tgivein.(=Thoughhewasdefeatedforasecondtime,hestilldidn’tgivein.)他虽然又一次被击败,但仍不屈服。Evenifinvited,Iwon’tgo.(=EvenifIaminvited,Iwon’tgo.)即使被邀请,我也不去。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12(2)过去分词做状语时,有时它的逻辑主语不是主句的主语,而是不同于主句主语的名词,构成“过去分词独立结构”。过去分词独立结构可在句中做状语,表示时间、条件、伴随状况等。Thehousepaintedwhite,welikeditbetter.房子漆成白色后,我们更加喜欢它了。Hisworkfinished,helefttheoffice.完成工作,他离开了办公室。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12考点三过去分词做定语概述一般来说,过去分词做定语时含有“完成”和“被动”的双重意义。但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如:boiledwater(开水);fallenleaves(落叶);risensun(升起的太阳)等。Thetallmanisareturnedstudent.高个子的那个男人是个回国留学生。Myparentsarebothretiredteachers.我的父母都是退休教师。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12考点四过去分词做定语的注意点单独的过去分词做定语常置于所修饰的名词前,也可后置①YouneedtoimproveyourspokenEnglish.你需要提高你的英语口语。②Hurryup.Thereisonlyalittletimeleft.快点,时间不多了。过去分词短语做定语常置于所修饰的名词后③Heisateacherrespectedbyallhisstudents.他是一位受所有学生尊敬的老师。YUXIDAOYIN预习导引HEXINGUINA核心归纳12不及物动词的过去分词做定语当与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,必须在该动词后使用必要的介词④Heisthestudentreferredtobyallpeoplejustnow.他就是那位刚才被提