（山东专用）2020版高考英语一轮复习 第三部分 写作 第11讲 扩展句在写作中的应用课件 外研版

第11讲扩展句在写作中的应用一、魔法导航在写作中我们通常把用以支持主题句的句子称为支持句或扩展句。段落扩展句的写作是段落写作的“核心”,其质量高低将决定整段文章的成败。在段落扩展句的写作中要注意以下几个问题:1.抓住一个中心,对扩展句精挑细选。所有的扩展句都必须与主题句保持一致,都要为主题句服务。所有与主题句无关或关系不大的句子都要从扩展句中去掉。如:Quiteafewthingsgiverisetothetrafficproblem.Inspiteofthelarge-scaleconstructionofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprove-ment,becauseoftheeverincreasingnumberofcarstheseyears.What'sworse,somedrivers,cyclistsandpedestriansdonotthinkitvitaltoobeytrafficrules.【评析】本段的主题句“Quiteafewthingsgiverisetothetrafficproblem.”点明了本段的中心思想:介绍导致交通问题的原因。下面的扩展句紧紧围绕中心句说明了两种具体原因,有力地支持了主题句。2.选用合理的写作顺序,保持扩展句之间的连贯性。扩展句不能杂乱无章地堆砌到一块,而是应该恰当运用合理的写作顺序(如时间、空间、逻辑等顺序)把各个扩展句有机地组织起来,使其浑然一体。例1:运用空间顺序组织扩展句。如:Ourlibraryisinthecenteroftheschool.There'sabeautifulgardeninfrontofitandourclassroombuildingisrightbehindit.例2:利用时间或逻辑顺序组织扩展句。如:Whenthecraftsmancameintotheclassroom,wegavehimawarmwel-comeandtwoboyshelpedhimwiththetoolbox.First,heshowedustheba-sicstepsandskillsofmakingdoughfigurines.Westoodaroundhimandwatchedattentively.Thenwestartedtohaveatryourselves.Theoldmanwalkedaroundandhelpeduspatiently.Finally,weputthefigurineswemadeonthetableandtookpictureswiththeoldcraftsman.Lookingatthefigurines,wewereallveryexcited.【评析】本段利用时间顺序组织写作,向老艺人学习捏面人的过程跃然纸上,读后令人印象深刻。3.恰当议论,锦上添花。在扩展句的写作中根据实际需要对某些扩展句进行恰当的点评或做进一步的阐释不但可以丰富段落内容,而且还可以起到深化主题、画龙点睛的作用。如:WhenIamfacedwithdifficulties,Iusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearningmaterialsorwebpages.Inthisway,Icannotonlyworkthemoutbutalsoimprovemyabilitytoovercomedifficultiesallbymyself.4.注重结构,段落层次分明。在段落扩展句的写作中可以采用有形或无形的“三节式”扩展模式,即“主题句+扩展句+总结句”的结构。如:Infact,trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulationscloselyrelatedtopublicorder.Withoutthem,peoplecouldnotenjoyharmonyorthecountrywouldbeinchaos.Butrulesalonedon'tsecureanorderlysociety.Itisthepeoplewhoobeytherulesthatmatter.Therefore,itiseverybody'sdutytoobservethemtokeepoursocietyinorderandgoingontherighttrack.二、学以致用1.完美文章根据上下文在横线上填上合适的扩展句或过渡语。Weallwanttogrowuphappilyandhealthily,andforthisgoalwemustdoseveralthings.Firstly,weshoulddevelopagoodattitudetolife,because扩展句(1)lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsohardtimes.过渡语①Thus/Therefore,weshouldbebravewhenfacedwithdifficulties.Secondly,wemuststudyhardbecause扩展句(2)knowledgeispower.Ifwehavethepower,wecanhelptobuildourcountryandenjoylifebetter.过渡语②Inaddition/Besides/What'smore,inordertostudywell,weneedtodosportssothat扩展句(3)wecankeepfit.Forexample,wecangorunning,playballgamesorsimplytakeawalkafteraday'sstudy.Ifwedothosethingswell,扩展句(4)wewillbeabletogrowuphappilyandhealthily.2.话题写作【本期话题】未来生活【写作微练】请根据下面的提示,写一篇90词左右的英语短文。1.未来的生存环境更加舒适漂亮;2.太阳能、风能等新能源应用更加广泛;3.机器人等高科技产品进入普通家庭。注意:给出合理的扩展句。答案Onepossibleversion:Withscienceandtechnologydeveloping,I'moptimisticaboutlifeinthefu-ture.Bythattimethesurroundingswherewelivewillbemorecomfortableandbeautiful.Inaddition,newformsofenergysuchassolarenergy,windenergywillbemadefulluseof,whichwillbeofgreatuseinprotectingtheenvironment.Also,robotsaswellasotherhigh-techproductswillgointocommonfamilies.Notonlycantheyhelppeopledothehousework,butalsotheycanlookafterthebabies.Suchisthelifeinthefuturewhichisboundtobemorecomfortableandconvenient.三、实战提能如何理解“成功”,不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语(quotation),按要求用英语写一篇短文。“Successistheabilitytogofromonefailuretoanotherwithnolossofen-thusiasm.”—SirWinstonChurchill内容要求:1.你对该引语的理解;2.你的相关经历;3.恰当的结尾。注意:1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.文中不能出现考生的具体信息;3.词数:120左右。我会审题文章体裁议论文主要人称第一人称主体时态一般现在时;一般过去时要点分解1.自己对该引语的理解2.自己的相关经历3.恰当的结尾,回扣主题我会审题我会联想1.词汇铺路(1)泄气的discouraged(2)自信的confident(3)烦人的boring(4)放弃giveup(5)鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.(6)坚持stickto(7)获得成功gain/achievesuccess2.句型搭桥(1)Thereisnoneedtodo...(2)Iamawarethat...(3)Onlyinthiswaycan...我会表达ThisquotationfromWinstonChurchilltellsusthat答案Onepossibleversion:ThisquotationfromWinstonChurchilltellsusthatweshouldn'tgetdis-couragedrightafterfailures.Rather,weshouldkeeptryingwithenthusiasm.Successconsistsintheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.Attheageoftwelve,Igotanicebikeasabirthdaygift.SoexcitedwasIthatIcouldn'twaittotrymyhandatridingit.However,itwasharderthanexpected.Thebikeseemedtooheavyanddifficulttocontrol.Worsestill,Itookmanyfallsoffthebike.Iwasabouttogiveupwhenmyfathercameandencouragedmetokeepgoing.Withmorepractice,Ididbetterandbet-ter.Lookingback,IfeelIwouldn'tbeabletorideabikehadIlostheart.Actually,wecan'tsucceedineverythingwetry.What'simportantisthatweshouldstickatit.【写作点评】本文作者充分结合自身经历阐释了自己对题目要求中引语的看法。文中主题句概括准确,扩展句充分、合理,总结句深刻、到位,句式结构丰富多彩,体现了作者高超的语言驾驭能力。美句必背1.Personally,itisnotnecessaryforustofeelfrustratedwhenfacedwithfailure.2.It'sgenerallyacknowledgedthatsuccessbelongstothosewhokeeptry-ingwiththeirenthusiasm.3.Withouthardworkaswellasenthusiasm,wecouldn'tachieveanysuc-cessinlife.实战提能