国有大型外贸企业的一体化战略

对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文国有大型外贸企业的一体化战略姓名：张珣申请学位级别：硕士专业：工商管理指导教师：刘世敏200405201ABC2AbstractAfterChina’sentryintotheWTO,largestate-ownedforeigntradecompaniesarefacinganincreasinglytoughchallengethaneverbefore.InthefaceofthefiercecompetitionfrombothdomesticmanufacturingenterprisesandforeignMNCs,state-ownedlargeforeigntradecompaniesarecompelledtodevelopaclearstrategy.Backin1993,thegovernmentalreadycalledonreformingstate-ownedforeigntradecompaniesintomodernenterprisesbyglobalization,industrializationandcollectivization,whichisidenticaltointegrationstrategy.Globalizationistosetupoverseasmarketingnetwork,whichmeansforwardintegration.Industrializationistoinvestinmanufacturingorminingfacilities,whichmeansbackwardintegration.Collectivizationistomergeoracquirecompetitors,whichmeanshorizontalintegration.TransactionandPropertyrightstheoriesarethetheoreticalbaseforenforcingintegrationstrategybystate-ownedforeigntradecompanies.Accordingtotransactiontheory,whethertoenforceintegrationornotdependsonthecomparisonbetweenmarkettransactioncostandinternaltransactioncost.Themajorfactorstoconsiderinvolvethespecialtyoftheassets,theuncertaintyandfrequencyoftransactions.Accordingtopropertyrightstheory,whethertoenforceintegrationornotdependsonthecomparisonbetweentheefficienciesofdifferentownership.Thereciprocityofassetsandtheimportanceofinvestmentdecisionsarethemajorfactorstoconsider.Basedontheanalysisofthesupplychainandvaluechain,thestrategicbenefitsandcostsofintegration,andcomparisonswithstate-ownedlargeindustrialtradecompanies,thenecessityofintegrationstrategyforstate-ownedlargeforeigntradecompaniesiselaborated.Integrationstrategyisvitaltothedevelopmentofstate-ownedlargeforeigntradecompaniesandhastobeenforcedfirmly,completelyandproperly.Theresource-basedviewofthefirmemphasizesthatcompaniesshouldmakeuse3oftheirresourcesandcapabilitiestocreatecompetitiveadvantages,andcreatemorevalueultimately.Integrationshouldbebuiltuponcontrollingresourcesandnurturingcapabilities.ThepracticesofSINOCHEMandCOFCOprovethathumanresourcesmanagement(HRM),marketingandR&Dcapabilitiesarethecorecompetencesandkeysuccessfactorstostate-ownedlargeforeigntradecompanies.Concretemeasureshavebeenrecommendedtoimprovehumanresourcesmanagement,marketingandR&DcapabilitiesbycaseanalysisofABCCompany.Keywords:State-ownedForeignTradeCompanies,IntegrationStrategy,CoreCompetence56FirmScopeNewInstitutionalEconomicsRonaldH.Coase193790De-integrationIntegration19801717Google75573397%46361%26735%81.19922.3.4.25.6.……2934“”1993800056CorporateLevelBusinessUnitLevelFunctionalLevel31993111441994111586199810CostLeadershipDifferentiationFocus(CorporateStrategy)7VerticalIntegration(ForwardIntegration)(BackwardIntegration)HorizontalorLateralIntegration1937RonaldH.CoaseOliverWilliamsonBenjaminKleinTheTransactionCostTheory711Lock-in“”8(1998)912SanfordGrossmanOliverHartJohnMooreThePropertyRightsTheory1310Lock-in““”10TheCostsandBenefitsofOwnership:ATheoryofVerticalandLateralIntegration,JournalofPoliticalEconomy,August1986(1996)270-31414“”15JIT1//1619491978,19791000198819921199911200112113200446200471197914200441217,,2003(1985)(2)PrimaryActivitiesSupportActivities218“”“”191EconomiesofintegrationlEconomiesofcombinedoperationslEconomiesoninternalcontrolandcoordinationlEconomicsofinformationlEconomicsofavoidingthemarketlEconomicsofstablerelationships11FreePress,1980202Tapintotechnology3Assuresupplyand/ordemand4Offsetbargainingpowerandinputcostdistortions5Enhancedabilitytodifferentiate6Elevateentryandmobilitybarriers7Enterahigherreturnbusiness8Defendagainstforeclosure211Costofovercomingmobilitybarriers2Increasedoperatingleverage3Reducedflexibilitytochangepartners4Higheroverallexitbarriers5Capitalinvestmentrequirements6Foreclosureofaccesstosuppliersorcustomerresearchandknow-how7Maintainingbalance8Dulledincentives9Differingmanagerialrequirements1232212llllll19931223950019932002199820021219991231998-2002199819992000200120026207.7122419981999200020012002295199255108228740227685200997()287987287368275171290040300090119513147822214154277405350925124642123201126178107874114423519981999200020012002121186118939181987161889829047959210092111034314744225620021998199920002001200295110714716705122238267199819992000200120021307546721794529820827460127387606387632474699538891219622294204873309731494516771501820613870167142781998199920002001200256216147659669642359202967090532850749338312011089894191098080281998199920002001200280676804577696510001012151582904795921009211103431474421998199920002001200213547136122143621173155055167715018206138701671429200220033091998199920002001200228798728736827517129004030009065717570565833652767599362222692303122168352372732401541331.CompetitiveAdvantage(CostAdvantage)(DifferentiationAdvantage)(PositionalAdvantages)1415AResource-BasedViewoftheFirm16BirgerWernerfelt198432103317123123417Prahalad,C.K.&Hamel,G.(1990)TheCoreCompetenceoftheCorporation.HarvardBusinessReview.341234304035300123458036809019889019921818371994123119991999720001232021ABC13020031350%”192002327202138MABC2001MLOEM2002LABCABCL39