2020版新教材高中英语 Unit 3 Family matters Using language课

Unit3FamilymattersUsinglanguage复习时态(Tenses)【语用功能】时态被用来表明谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间。【情境探究】A:WhendidyouvisitHangzhou?B:IvisitedHangzhoulastyear.A:Wherewillyougothissummervacation?B:IwillgotoNanjing.观察上面的对话,并完成句子1.Myfriend_____(spend)hischildhoodinBeijing.2.I______(let)youknowassoonashearrives.spentwilllet【要义详析】英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示,这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。一、一般现在时1.一般现在时的构成①be动词(am,is,are)作谓语;②行为动词(动词原形或单三形式)作谓语2.时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek/day/year/month等3.一般现在时的用法:(1)表示经常性的动作或状态*Wealwayscareforeachotherandhelpeachother.我们总是互相关心、互相帮助。(2)一般现在时表示客观存在或普遍真理*Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光传播比声音快。(3)用于时间或条件状语从句中,表示将要发生的动作*We’llgotohaveapicnictomorrowunlessitrains.我们明天去野餐,除非天下雨。(4)表示按时间表拟定的、安排好的活动*Thetrainleavesat10o’clock.火车十点开。【即学活用】语法填空(1)Healways_____(sleep)withthewindowsopen.(2)Thesun____(rise)intheeast.(3)Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_____(rain).(4)(2017·北京高考)People_____(have)betteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,andthey’relivinglongerasaresult.sleepsrisesrainshave二、现在进行时1.现在进行时的构成be(am,is,are)+doing2.时间状语:now,atthistime,atthemoment,atpresent,thisweek/month,thesedays等3.现在进行时用法:(1)表示说话时正在进行着的动作*Don’tmakeanynoise!Thebabyissleeping.别吵闹!那个婴儿正在睡觉。(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作*Childrenarelearningtoplaythepianothesedays.这几天孩子们正在学习钢琴。(3)有些动词(arrive,come,go,leave等)用现在进行时表示将要发生的、计划或安排好的事情*Afewforeignersarecomingtovisitourschoolthisafternoon.几个外国人今天下午要来参观我们学校。【名师点津】有感情的现在进行时现在进行时有时可代替一般现在时,表达说话人的某种感情色彩,与always,forever连用。*Youarealwaysforgettingtheimportantthing.你总是把重要的事情忘掉。(表达不满情绪)【即学活用】语法填空(1)Look!Thetrain________(get)intothestation.(2)Don’ttakethatladderaway.Yourfather_______(use)it.(3)George_________(work)onanewbookthesedays.isgettingisusingisworking三、一般过去时1.一般过去时的构成:行为动词过去式或be动词过去式(was,were)作谓语2.时间状语:ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek/year/month,in1989,justnow,onceuponatime,etc.3.一般过去时的用法(1)表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态*Lucyturnedoffallthelightsbeforeshewentout.露西在出去之前关上了所有的灯。(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作*Heoftenwentswimmingintheriverwhenhewasyoung.他小时候经常到河里游泳。【即学活用】语法填空(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Later,engineers________(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道),whichbecameknownastheTube.(2)(2017·浙江高考)Pahlssonandherhusband________(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.managedsearched(3)(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand_____(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.(4)(2018·北京高考)—Hi,I’mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven’tseenyouaround.—Hello,Peter.I’mBob.Ijust_______(start)onMonday.werestarted四、一般将来时1.一般将来时的构成:will/shall+动词原形【名师点津】一般将来时的其他表现形式(1)begoingto+do(2)beto+do(3)beabouttodo2.时间状语:nexttime,thedayaftertomorrow,inthefuture3.一般将来时的用法(1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态*IwillteachyouJapanesenextyear.我明年将教你学日语。(2)表示将来反复发生的动作或习惯动作ThestudentswillhavefiveEnglishclassesperweekthisterm.本学期学生每周将要上五节英语课。【即学活用】语法填空(1)We_________(leave)forLondonnextMonday.(2)Iamafraidthere______(be)ameetingthisafternoon.Ican’tjoinyou.(3)Ifcitynoisesarenotkeptfromincreasing,people________(have)toshouttobeheardevenatdinner.shallleavewillbewillhave五、现在完成时1.现在完成时的构成:has/have+done2.时间状语:already,never,ever,just,yet,before,sofar,inthelast...years,since,for+时间段。3.现在完成时的用法(1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果*Ihavejustreturnedthebooktotheschoollibrary.我刚刚把那本书还给了图书馆。(2)表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。*Ihavelivedhereforabouttenyears.我在这里住了大约十年了。【知识延伸】现在完成时和一般过去时的区别(1)现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在的影响,它和现在有密切的联系。(2)一般过去时强调的是动作发生的时间、地点,不涉及对现在的影响。Shehasseenthefilmbefore.她看过这部电影。(强调她已经看过了)Shesawthefilmlastnight.她昨晚看了这部电影。【即学活用】语法填空(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Since2011,thecountry_________(grow)morecornthanrice.(2)(2018·北京高考)China’shigh-speedrailways___________(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.世纪金榜导学号(3)He__________(work)hereforovertwentyyears.hasgrownhavegrownhasworked六、过去完成时1.过去完成时的构成:had+done2.时间状语:longbefore,bytheendof,lastweek等。3.过去完成时的用法:表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。HehadfinishedtheworkbythetimeIarrived.我到达时他已经干完活了。【即学活用】语法填空(1)Shetoldmeshe________(be)therethreetimesbefore.(2)Whenwearrived,thefootballmatch_________(begin).(3)She__________(visit)Chinatwicebeforeshecamethisyear.hadbeenhadbegunhadvisited