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当前位置:首页 > 临时分类 > 2020版高考英语二轮复习 专题二 阅读理解 第四节 词句猜测题课件
专题二阅读理解第四节词句猜测题[常见设问形式]1.词义类:①Theunderlinedword/phrase...probablymeans/canbereplacedby________.②Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword/phrase...?2.指代类:①Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this/that/it/they...”referto?②Theunderlinedpart“this/that/it/they...”refersto________.3.句意类:①Theunderlinedsentenceinthe...paragraphprobablymeans________.②Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph...?[正确选项特征]1.含义和其字面意思没有任何的关系。2.上下文逻辑通顺。3.与原句意思最接近。[干扰选项特征]1.与所考词汇形似。2.如果考的是熟词,含有常规词义的往往是错误选项。3.句子解释中含有过多原句中已有的词和短语的选项一般是错误选项。题型1语境分析猜词义(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ·阅读B片段)Buthe'snervous.“I'mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe“ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynonnativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.[解题关键](1)题干关键词:“stumbles”_in_paragraph_2。(2)定位关键句:根据第二段中的“...youshould...should...”以及“...Votefor...me...”这样的语句特点可知,Chris的演讲不流畅,也就是说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方,与画线词后的句意“他完成得非常好”构成转折关系,与短语exceptfor的语意相呼应。答案:A_(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ·阅读C片段)Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenationstateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.[解题关键](1)题干关键词:“dominant”_underlined_in_paragraph_2。(2)定位关键句:根据第二段中的“...allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.”可知,人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失,而逐渐被如英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代,这就暗示这些语言是占优势的,故猜测dominant为“有影响力的”。答案:C[技巧点拨]猜测词义5法1.同义或定义解释法。上下文中以某种方式对其进行解释,如利用or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,namely等词语进行解释,或利用破折号、同位语(从句)、定语从句等进行解释。2.因果推断法。对生词词义的猜测需要结合上下文的因果关系进行。3.前后对比法。上下文中往往对生词提供一定的对比背景,并且通常以反义或对照的方式出现,以此可推测生词意思。4.语境理解法。生词词义的推测大多根据语境进行,做题时要根据上下文语境信息进行分析、推理,从而猜测出生词的意义。5.基本构词法。根据前缀、后缀、合成及词性转换猜测词义。题型2就近原则定指代(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ·阅读C片段)Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.[解题关键](1)题干关键词:“that”_in_paragraph_3。(2)定位关键句:根据第二段中的“intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations”可知,在美国,爵士乐的听众数量正在减少,爵士乐未能受到年轻一代的欢迎,第三段首句提到JasonMoran的工作就是要帮助改变这一现象,由此可知that指代“爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎”这一现象。答案:C[技巧点拨]代词指代判断3法此类题目要求考生根据语境判断代词(this,that,it,they,them,one,which等)究竟指代什么。具体方法:(1)返回原文,找出指代词(it,they,them,this...)。(2)向上(有时向下)搜索,找最近的名词、代词、短语或句子(就近原则)。(3)将找到的词、词组或句子代入替换该指代词,看其意思、逻辑关系是否通顺,并最终确定最佳答案。题型3语境吻合判句意(2019·高考浙江卷·阅读B片段)Money_with_no_strings_attached.It'snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”24.Whatdoestheexpression“moneywithnostringsattached”inparagraph1mean?A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether.[解题关键](1)题干关键词:“money_with_no_strings_attached”_in_paragraph_1_mean。(2)定位关键句:由第一段“ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,‘GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.’”可知,但是上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站,一块牌子上别针别满了美元,上面写着“给予你所能给予的,拿走你所需要的”。所以通过下文的语境,判断出第一段中的“moneywithnostringsattached”是“无条件提供的钱”的意思。答案:C[技巧点拨]句意猜测2注意句意猜测题要求考生通过阅读文章,用合适的语句对其进行解释性的描述。(1)返回原文,找到该句,对原句进行语法和逻辑关系的准确分析。对于需要推理的句意理解,首先要理解句子前后的语境,其次对此句在文章中的意思进行合理的推断,最后再归纳总结。(2)一般来说,正确选项的意思与原句的意思完全相同,只是用其他的英语词汇和句式来表达相同的意思。
本文标题:2020版高考英语二轮复习 专题二 阅读理解 第四节 词句猜测题课件
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