2020-2021学年高中英语 Unit 2 The environment Section Ⅰ R

Unit2TheenvironmentIsourenvironmentbeingdestroyedbygreed?人类的贪婪是环境恶化的主要原因。然而，除此之外还有其他因素吗？Theenvironmenthasbeensufferingfromallformsofdamage，especiallyinrecentyearsglobalwarmingseemstobethemainproblem.Manytimes，theworseningoftheenvironment，intheformsofrunningoutofnaturalresources,andair，waterandlandpollution，iscausedbytheirresponsiblebehaviourofman.However，itwillbeunfairtostatethattheworseningoftheenvironmentisbroughtaboutonlybygreed.Otherfactors，suchastheinabilityofsomedevelopingcountriestofindotherchoicesofsurvival，alsoplayapartincontributingtoenvironmentalproblems.Thestateoftheenvironmenthasbeentheconcernofscientistsinrecentyears.Asforglobalwarming，greed，inordertogeteconomicbenefits,actuallycontributestotheruinoftheenvironment.ThisisseenwhentheUnitedStatesrefusedtocarryoutitsagreementtotheKyotoProtocol(《京都议定书》),whichhelpsdealwiththeincreasingemissionofgreenhousegases.IftheUSAhadagreedtoit,itwouldhavemeantthatithadtocutbackonitsGrossDomesticProduct(GDP)growth.Anotherreasonfortheworseningoftheenvironmentisthatsomedevelopingcountrieshavenochoicebuttosurviveatthecostoftheenvironment.Forexample,slash­and­burnagricultureisthecheapestwayforpoorfarmerseventhoughitcreatesaseriousenvironmentalproblem.Iftheydon'tdothat，theymaynotbeabletoclearthelandintimeforagriculturalactivitiestosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilymembers.Forthem,comparedtotheirsurvival,environmentconcernsaresecondary.Therefore,tosavetheenvironment,everyone,youngorold,richorpoor,shouldplayapart,asacollectiveeffortdefinitelymakesabigdifference.[阅读障碍词]1．irresponsibleadj.不负责任的2．inabilityn.无能3．survivaln.生存，幸存4．theKyotoProtocol《京都议定书》5．slash­and­burnadj.刀耕火种的6．definitelyadv.肯定地[诱思导读]阅读短文，回答下列问题。1．Whataretheformsoftheworseningoftheenvironmentaccordingtothepassage?[答案]①globalwarming②runningoutofnaturalresources③air，waterandlandpollution2．WhydidAmericarefusetheKyotoProtocol?[答案]Becauseitcandamageitseconomicdevelopment.3．Whatarethecausesoftheworseningoftheenvironment?[答案]Humanbeings'greedandsomedevelopingcountries'inabilitytofindotherchoicesofsurvival.SectionⅠReading(Ⅰ)(Welcometotheunit&Reading)新生词汇初识Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.consultantA．vt.&vi.回收利用()2.productionB．n.赞扬；信誉；学分()3.recycleC．n.顾问()4.greedyD．n.产量；生产()5.responsibilityE．adj.贪婪的，贪心的()6.environmentalF．n.数量()7.creditG．adj.环境的()8.quantityH．n.责任，职责[答案]1－4CDAE5－8HGBFⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思A．自由发言B．削减，缩减，减少C．用尽D．用完，耗尽E．引起，导致F．对……关心()1.Fiftypercentofroadaccidentsresultinheadinjuries.()2.Doesburningcandlesuseupsomeairinsidetheglass?()3.Whendadlosthisjob，wehadtocutbackonentertainmentexpenses.()4.Wehadlotsofgrainbeforebutnowwe'verunoutofit.()5.Peopleareconcernedaboutsocialinequality.()6.Oncethespeechisdelivered，wecanopenthefloor.[答案]1－6ECBDFA教材语篇细研Theeconomy(经济)ortheenvironment—mustwechoose?TVhost：JamesLongSpeakers：LinShuiqing，aspokeswoman(女发言人)fromtheGreenSocietyQianLiwei，abusinessdevelopmentconsultant(顾问)JamesLong：Goodmorning.Today'sdebate(辩论)questionis，‘Theeconomyortheenvironment—mustwechoose？’WithmeareMsLinShuiqing，fromtheGreenSociety，andMrQianLiwei，abusinessdevelopmentconsultant.①Wearefollowingourusualschedulefordebates.MsLinShuiqingwillspeakfirstforthreeminutes.MrQianLiweiwillfollow，alsoforthreeminutes.Thenwewillopenthefloor(自由发言)fordiscussion.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorcomments②，youcanusethistimetoexpressthem.经济还是环境——我们必须做出选择吗？电视节目主持人：詹姆斯·郎发言人：林水清，来自绿色协会的女发言人钱利伟，企业发展顾问詹姆斯·郎：早上好。今天辩论的话题是“经济还是环境——我们必须做出选择吗？”和我在一起的嘉宾是来自绿色协会的林水清女士和企业发展顾问钱利伟先生。我们还是按照我们一贯的辩论程序进行。林水清女士首先陈述，时间为三分钟。钱利伟先生接着陈述，时间也是三分钟。之后我们将展开自由讨论。如果大家有任何问题或评论，可以利用这段时间来发表见解。[助读讲解]①表语＋be＋主语，构成完全倒装句。②Ifyouhave...为if引导的条件状语从句。LinShuiqing：Goodmorning，everyone.FirstIamtalkingtoyoutodayaboutthewayvastareasoftheworldaredamagedbychemicalwaste③.Manyplaceshavebeendestroyedandmanyplantsandanimalshavedied.Thisisawful.Factoriesproducelargenumbersofharmfulchemicals.Thewastetheycreategoesintotheatmosphereandmakesussick.Othertypesofwasteflow(流)intoourwater，killingriverandsealife④.林水清：大家早上好。我今天首先要谈的是化学废物如何破坏世界上的大片区域。很多地方受到破坏，大量的动植物都死亡了。这样的情形实在很糟糕。很多工厂都在排放大量的有害的化学物质。由工厂产生的废物进入大气中，导致我们生病。其他种类的废物则流入水域，导致河流和海洋中的生命死亡。[助读讲解]③theway作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词可用that/inwhich或省略。④现在分词短语killingriverandsealife作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。Muchsealifeisbeingdestroyedbyfishingboatsaswell.Theseboatscatchlargenumbersoffishwithoutgivingthemtimetolayeggs⑤.Thiswillresultinasmallernumberoffishleftforustoeatinthefuture.现在的捕捞船也在危害着许多海洋生命。这些捕捞船捕捞大量的鱼而不给它们产卵的时间。这就导致以后供我们食用的鱼的数量会更少。[助读讲解]⑤without后接动名词。Whilewedamageourenvironment，wekeepproducingmoreandmorepeoplewhoneedmorelandtoliveonandmorefoodtoeat⑥！Theworld'spopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatitwasin1800⑦.Thefigureisnowabout7billion(十亿)people！在我们毁坏环境的同时，我们还生育越来越多的人口，他们需要更多的土地来居住，需要更多的食物来食用！与1800年相比，世界人口数量已经增长了六倍。这个数字现在大约为70亿！[助读讲解]⑥who引导定语从句修饰people。⑦“倍数＋what从句”是倍数的一种表达形式。Itisourduty(责任)totrytocutbackon(削减)productionandreducethenumberofthingswemakeandbuy⑧.Theamountofrubbishweproduce⑨isturningintoabigproblem；weneedtothinkmoreaboutrecycling(回收利用)ourwaste.Itwouldbegoodtoincreasetheamountofwastewerecycle⑩，andteachpeoplewaysoflivingthatdonotharmtheenvironment⑪.Wemayevencreatemorejobsan