2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 UNIT 6 Earth first Section Ⅱ Us

SectionⅡUsinglanguageIfyoucareabouttheocean,youcanhearitsvoice;Cherishthefish,youcanshareitsgracefuldance.如果你关心海洋，你就能听到大海的声音；爱护鱼儿，你就能分享它曼妙的舞姿。分词作补足语[主干图解][探究发现]①Thepoliceobservedthemanenteringthebank.②Shecouldsensedangerapproaching.③Don'tleaveyourmoneylyinginthebank;spendit.④Iputmyhandsunderthetapandhadwaterrunningthroughmyfingers.⑤Hetriedtomakehisideasknown.⑥Don'tleavethosethingsundone.⑦Johnwantstohavehisteethexaminedthisafternoon.⑧Hefoundaplantwhichhehadneverseenbeforehiddenbehindtherock.[我的发现](1)以上各句中，后跟复合宾语的动词是：。(2)①～④句中充当宾语补足语的是，和宾语之间是关系。(3)⑤～⑧句中充当宾语补足语的是，和宾语之间是关系。observe;sense;leave;have;make;find现在分词主动过去分词被动一、分词作补足语1．分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动语态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动语态句子中的主语补足语。2．分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动；如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。如：Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom.(主语he与“sing”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing作主语补足语)有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。Oneoftheglasseswasfoundbroken.(主语oneoftheglasses与“break”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken作主语补足语)有一个玻璃杯被发现碎了。Don'tleavethewaterrunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth.(宾语thewater与“run”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词running作宾语补足语)刷牙的时候不要让水一直淌着。[即时训练1]完成句子①It'samazinghowoftenyoumobilephoneswhiledriving.令人惊讶的是你会经常看到有人开车的时候使用手机。②Isawhimbythecar.我看到他被车撞倒了。③Theywalkedoffandleft.他们走开了，留下我一个人坐在那儿。④Hegotuplate,andwenttoschoolinahurry,leaving.他起晚了，匆匆忙忙去了学校，早饭也没有吃完。seepeopleusingknockeddownmesittingtherealonehisbreakfastunfinished二、接分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词1．感官动词或短语feel,hear,listento,see,watch,notice,observe,lookat(一感二听五看)及find等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语。如：Sheheardhimsingingarounddownstairs.她听到他在楼下唱歌。Justlookattherainpouringdown.瞧下的倾盆大雨。AtthismomentshenoticedHallorsencomingin.这时她看见海洛森走了进来。Beingignorantoftheelectronicproductsthestudentsaretalkingabout,Ifindmyselfleftbehind.对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。2．表示“致使”的动词get,have,leave等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语。Withinminuteshehadthewholeaudiencelaughingandclapping.几分钟内他就让全体观众笑起来，鼓起掌来。I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要理发。Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。3．表示“意欲；命令”的动词，如like,want,wish,order等常接过去分词充当补足语。如：Youmusttellusexactlywhatyouwouldlikedone.你必须准确地告诉我们你想要做什么。Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtthepiano.这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。Iwishitdonequickly.我希望很快将此事做完。4．set,start,catch常跟现在分词作宾语补足语，make常跟过去分词作宾语补足语。如：Helookedaroundandcaughtamanputtinghishandintothepocketofapassenger.他环顾四周，看见一个人把手伸进乘客的口袋里。Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn'tmakehimselfheard.演讲者提高了声音，但仍然不能使别人听到他说的话。[即时训练2]单句语法填空①Ismellsomething(burn)inthekitchen.②Afteraknockatthedoor，thechildheardhismother'svoice(call)him.③JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish(improve)inashortperiod.④Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair(move)againstyourface.⑤Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound(smoke)inthekitchen.⑥Shewantsherpaintings(display)inthegallery,butwedon'tthinktheywouldbeverypopular.⑦Ifshecatchesyou(read)herdiary,she'llbeangry.burningcallingimprovedmovingsmokingdisplayedreadingFrameOfMindAfarmerwhosawabirdflyingintheskysighed,“Itisreallybitter,flyingaroundtolookforafood.”Ayounggirlsawthebirdsighing,“It'sreallyhappybecauseithasapairofbeautifulwings.”Inthefaceofthesamesituation,differentpeoplehavedifferentfeelingsandunderstanding.Fullofgratitude,youwillfeelexhilarated;frustratedandpessimistic,youwillfeeldistressedandlost.注：第一句中“whosawabirdflyinginthesky”为定语从句，从句谓语动词saw后跟复合宾语，其中abird与fly之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式flying作宾语补足语。第二句中的“sawthebirdsighing”也是如此。1．Now,sheisamodelandperformanceartistdevoted/devotingtooceanconservation.现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。★devotev．致力，献身，倾注(1)devoteoneself/one'slife/money/energyto(doing)...把自己/一生/金钱/精力奉献于(做)……(2)devotedadj.挚爱的；忠实的bedevotedto忠实于，专心致力于(3)devotionn.深爱；忠诚；奉献①Idon'tthinkweshoulddevoteanymoretimetothisquestion.我认为我们在这个问题上不应当花费更多的时间了。②Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimeto(help)othersrebuild.邻居们奉献出他们的空闲时间去帮助其他人重建(房子)。③Her(devote)tothejobleftherwithverylittlefreetime.她全身心投入工作，几乎没有闲暇时间。helpingdevotion[语境串记]MrsWhite,adevotedfriendofmine,devotedallherenergytohercareerandherdevotiontochildrenmadeusvoteforher.Finally,shewaspromotedtoheadmistress.怀特夫人，我的一位忠实的朋友，把所有的精力都献给了她的事业，并且她对孩子们的奉献使我们投票选了她。最终她被提升为校长。2．Inrecentyears,wehaveseenlargeareasofwetlandthatweredamagedbyhumanactivity.近年来，我们看到大面积的湿地被人类活动所破坏。★damagev．破损，损害，损伤n．损害；损毁；赔偿金do/causedamageto对……造成损害claimdamages索要损失/赔偿①Itisestimatedthatthedamageisoveronemilliondollars.据估计，损失超过一百万美元。②Theaccidentdidalotofdamagethecar.这次事故让这辆车损坏得很严重。to[辨析比较]damage,ruin,destroydamage指价值、用途、外表等部分受损，尚可修复ruin多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义，表示毁灭某人或某人的希望等destroy多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，导致不能或很难修复选择上述单词填空③Theschoolwascompletelybythefire.④Theboysskirted(绕开，避开)thefieldsoasnottothecrops.⑤Itrainedforseveralweeks,completelyourholiday.destroyeddamageruining3．We'vealsoseendroughtsandfloodscausedbythesechanges，whichaffectthewatersupplydownstream.我们也看到了由于这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这也影响到下游供水。★affectvt.影响；使感染；打动；(疾病)侵袭(1)beaffectedby被……打动；被……(疾病)侵袭beaffectedwithhighfever发高烧(2)effectn.影响haveaneffecton对……有影响①Theaudiencewerealldeeplyaffectedbytheperformanceofthepupil.观众被这位小学生的表演深深地打动了。②Hedidn'tattendtheconferencebecausehewasaffectedhighfever.他因为发高烧没有参加会议。③Wewanttoknowwhetherthedrugpeople'shealth.我们想知道这种药对人们的健康是否有影响。withha