2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 UNIT 4 Stage and screen Section

SectionⅡUsinglanguageIdon'twaitformoods.Youaccomplishnothingifyoudothat.Yourmindmustknowithasgotdowntowork.—PearlS.Buck我从不等待情绪的来临。如果你一味等待，就将一事无成。你必须牢记，只有动手才能有所得。——赛珍珠[主干图解][探究发现]①Will，stillwatching，sawthecatbehavecuriously.②Whenithadgonepasthecrossedtheroad，keepinghiseyesonthespotwherethecathadbeeninvestigating.③Whilesittingbyapool，Ferdinandseesafrog.④Beforeleavinghiskingdom，hecallshissontohim.⑤Notknowingheraddress，Ican'twritetohertoexpressmygratitude.⑥Havinglivedwiththegirlfor5years，weallknowherverywell.[我的发现](1)以上例句中的动词­ing形式的逻辑主语都是句子的。(2)在例句③中，动词­ing形式短语前用while，为了强调与谓语动词的动作发生；在例句④中，动词­ing形式短语前用before，为了强调在谓语动词的动作发生。(3)由例句⑤可知，动词­ing形式的否定式是在­ing形式前面加。(4)由例句⑥可知，动词­ing形式的完成式为。主语同时之前nothavingdone一、基本用法动词­ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一个动作(即动词­ing形式与主语之间在逻辑上存在主动关系)，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬，它可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句或and引导的并列句。1．作时间状语。通常放在句首，有时在句中或句末，相当于when或while等引导的时间状语从句。Puttingonhisclothes(Afterheputonhisclothes),Billwentoutinahurry.穿上衣服后，比尔匆忙出去了。[即时训练1]句型转换①Whenshesawnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.→,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.②Arrivinghome,hefoundthedoorlocked.→,hefoundthedoorlocked.SeeingnobodyathomeWhenhearrivedhome2．作原因状语。通常放在句首，相当于as,because,since,nowthat等引导的原因状语从句。Beingill(Ashewasill),hecouldnotwalkanyfurther.因为生病，他不能再往前走了。[即时训练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①(know)theplaceverywell,Iactedastheirguide.②(be)anxiousabouthischild'ssafety,hecouldn'tfallasleep.③(realize)thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.KnowingBeingRealizing3．作条件状语。可以在句首也可在句末，相当于if,unless引导的条件状语从句。Heatingwater,wecanchangeitintovapor.把水加热，我们可以将其变为水蒸气。[即时训练3](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①(see)fromthetopoftower,youwillgetagoodview.②Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,(keep)onyourfeet.(2)完成句子③(仔细阅读),you'lllearnsomethingnew.④(整天玩),youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.SeeingkeepingReadingcarefullyPlayingallday4．作让步状语。多放在句首，相当于一个让步状语从句。Knowingallthis,theystillmademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。KnowingwhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.尽管知道我住哪里，他却从来没有来看我。[即时训练4]句型转换①Althoughtheyplayedwell,theylostthegame.→,theylostthegame.②Knowingthatitwasdangerous,shewalkedhomebyherself.→Shewalkedhomebyherself,.Playingwellalthoughsheknewthatitwasdangerous5．作结果状语。通常位于句末且中间有逗号，相当于一个并列分句。Theboyranevenfaster,reachingtheschooloutofbreath.那个男孩跑得更快了，到达学校时累得上气不接下气了。Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。[名师指津]动词­ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。而不定式作结果状语则表示出乎意料的结果，且常与only连用。[即时训练5]用所给词的适当形式填空①Ibuiltallmyhopesonhispromises,only(find)thathewasnotanhonestperson.②Thebooksoldmorethan500,000copiesayear,thus(make)itoneofthebest­sellersatthattime.③Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,(bath)themountainingoldenlight.tofindmakingbathing6．作方式或伴随状语。用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下，现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，其动作发出者就是句子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作，分词是陪衬动作。伴随状语或方式状语位于句首、句中或句末均可。Hewaswalkingalongthestreet,lookingthiswayandthat.他在街上走着，左顾右盼。[即时训练6](1)句型转换①Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,andwaitedfortheirnewteacher.→Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,.②Theyoungmanheldatorchinhishand,andclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower.→,theyoungmanclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower.waitingfortheirnewteacherHoldingatorchinhishand(2)按要求改写句子③Theyallstoodthere,andwatchedcloselyasthemagiciandidthetricks.(用动词­ing形式作状语)→④Allthestudentspaidtheirattentiontowhattheirteachersaid,takingnotescarefully.(改为并列句)→Theyallstoodthere,watchingcloselyasthemagiciandidthetricks.Allthestudentspaidtheirattentiontowhattheirteachersaidandtooknotescarefully.二、动词­ing形式作状语的注意事项1．特殊形式：连词＋v.­ing形式。出于强调或某种表达的需要，可在v.­ing形式前加上when,unless,eventhough,before等词。Whilewaitingatthedentist's,Ireadashortstory.在牙科诊所候诊时，我读了一篇短篇小说。Youcan'tfindthesecretcave,unlessfollowingalocalguide(unlessyoufollowalocalguide)．如果你不跟着一位当地向导，你就找不到这个隐蔽的山洞。Eventhoughpossessingeveryfortuneintheworld，youcan'tpossesspeople'srespect.即使拥有世界上所有的财富，你也不会拥有人们的尊敬。2．动词­ing形式短语前可用介词on/upon，表示“一……就……”。Onhearingthenews,allthepupilsjumpedwithjoy.一听到这个消息，所有的学生都高兴地跳了起来。3．主语一致。v．­ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则就要在分词前加上其自身的逻辑主语构成分词的独立主格结构。Itbeingfinetoday,wewentoutforhiking.今天天气很好，我们出去远足。4．独立成分作状语。有些现在分词短语可以独立成为句子成分，不受句子主语的限制，这些常见的结构有：judgingfrom/by从……来判断；generallyspeaking一般说来；supposing假设；speakingof说到；considering鉴于。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.一般说来，女孩比男孩更细心。Judgingfromheraccent,shemustcomefromArabiancountries.从她的口音判断，她准是来自阿拉伯国家。5．为了强调结果，可在动词­ing形式前加副词thus。Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。[即时训练7]句型转换①Whilereadingthebook,hefellasleep.→While,hefellasleep.②AssoonashearrivedinBeijing,hewenttovisithisuncle.→inBeijing,hewenttovisithisuncle.③Hedroppedcuptheontotheground,andasaresultbrokeitintopieces.→Hedroppedthecupontotheground,itintopieces.hewasreadingthebookOn/Uponarrivingthusbreaking三、动词­ing形式的否定式和完成式1．动词­ing形式的否定式通常在动词­ing形式前加否定词not。Shewaspuzzled,notknowingwhathadhappened.她迷惑了，不知道发生了什么。2．动词­ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。Havingfinishedtheletter,hefoldeditandputitintotheenvelope.写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。[即时训练8]用所给词的适当形式填空①(not,understand)English,hedidn'tknowwhatthetwoEnglishmenwanted.②(not,believe)whattheysaid,hewantedtolookintothema