2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 5 The power of nature Section

Unit5Thepowerofnature[话题导读]Globalwarmingtoblame?台风频繁来袭，全球变暖是元凶？AnunwelcomeguestvisitedsoutheasternAsiainmid­Septemberandleftaterriblescenebehind：bigtreeswereuprooted;peoplewereblowntotheground;theglassdoorsofhomeswerebroken，andrainwaterpouredintolivingrooms.TyphoonMangkhut，theworld'sstrongeststormthisyear，hitsouthernChinaonSept.15，afterstrikingthePhilippines.AccordingtoMinistryofEmergencyManagement，asofSept.18，ithaskilledfivepeople，andabout1.6millionpeoplewereaskedtoleavetheirhomesin14citiesinsouthernChina，includingShenzhenandGuangzhou.ButSoutheastAsiawasn'ttheonlyregiontobehitbybigstorms.About1.7millionpeopleacrosstheUSstatesofSouthCarolina，NorthCarolinaandVirginiawerebadlyaffected(影响)byHurricaneFlorence，reportedABCNews.AccordingtoHuffPost，KatharineHayhoe，aUSscientist，saidtherecentextreme(极端的)weatheraroundtheworldiscloselyrelatedtoglobalwarming.“Wedoknowthat，onaverage，climatechangeismakingstormsstronger，causingthemtointensify(增强)faster，increasingtheamountofrainfallassociated(相关)withagivenstormandevenmakingthemmovemoreslowly，”shetoldHuffPost.However，someexpertsbelievethatitiswrongtoattributetyphoonssolelytoglobalwarming.“Evenifthereisaconnectionbetweenglobalwarmingandtyphoons，itisnotanequation(方程式)likeXcausesY，”ClarenceFongChi­kong，founderoftheWeatherUndergroundwebsiteinHongKong，furtherexplainedintheSouthChinaMorningPost.Apartfromtheuncertainrelationshipbetweenclimatechangeandtyphoons，thepredictionoftyphoonsisalsoaproblemthatneedstobesolved.AccordingtoPopularScience，manycomputer­generatedmodelsareabletopredictthepathoftyphoons.However，theycan'ttellustoomuchaboutthehurricaneitself.“Thecomputer­generatedmodelscan'treallytellyouhowstrongthehurricaneisevenatthecurrenttime，”UShurricanespecialistJohnCangialositoldPopularScience.Therecentbadweathermayhavebeencausedbyglobalwarming.Storybehindtyphoons'namesEachtyphoon'snamecomesfromtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO，世界气象组织)．In2000，theWMOaskedeachofits14membersintheAsiaPacificareatocomeupwithalistof10names.Theorganizationusedthesesuggestionstomakealistof140typhoonnames.Typhoonnamestypicallycomefromtheanimals，plants，placesandeventhefoodofeachcountry.Forexample,MangkhutisfromThailand，referringtoapopularfruitinthecountry.Ifatyphoonisespeciallysevere(严重的)，however，theWMOwon'tuseitsnameagain.SectionⅠWarmingUp&Pre-reading&Reading—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]ANEXCITINGJOBIhavethegreatestjobintheworld.Itraveltounusualplacesandworkalongside①peoplefromallovertheworld.Sometimesworkingoutdoors，sometimesinanoffice，sometimesusingscientificequipment②andsometimesmeetinglocalpeopleandtourists，Iamneverbored.Althoughmyjobisoccasionally③dangerous，Idon'tmindbecausedangerexcitesmeandmakesmefeelalive【1】．However,themostimportantthingaboutmyjobisthatIhelpprotectordinarypeoplefrom④oneofthemostpowerfulforcesonearth—thevolcano【2】．【1】makesmefeelalive为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。【2】that在此引导表语从句，that在从句中无实际意义，但是不可省略。Iwasappointed⑤asavolcanologistworkingfortheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory⑥(HVO)【3】twentyyearsago.Myjobiscollectinginformationforadatabase⑦aboutMountKilauea,whichisoneofthemostactivevolcanoesinHawaii.Havingcollectedandevaluated⑧theinformation【4】，Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.Ourworkhassavedmanylivesbecausepeopleinthepathofthelavacanbewarnedtoleavetheirhouses.Unfortunately，wecannotmovetheirhomesoutoftheway⑨，andmanyhouseshavebeencoveredwithlavaorburnedtotheground⑩.【3】workingfor...Observatory(HVO)为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰avolcanologist。【4】Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation是现在分词的完成式，在句中作时间状语，表明该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。[再记住]①alongside/ə'lɒŋ'saId/adv.在旁边；沿着边prep.在……旁边；沿着……的边②equipment/I'kwIpmənt/n.设备；装备③occasionallyadv.偶尔；有时候④protect...from...保护……免受……⑤appoint/ə'pɔInt/vt.任命；委派⑥observatory/əb'zɜːvətrI；US­tɔːrI/n.观象台；天文台；气象台⑦database/'deItəˌbeIs/n.数据库；资料库⑧evaluate/I'væljʊeIt/vt.评估；评价；估计⑨outoftheway不挡路；不碍事⑩burn...totheground全部焚毁(文中使用的是其被动形式)[再翻译]一份令人兴奋的工作我的工作是世界上最伟大的工作。我去不同寻常的地方，同来自世界各地的人一起工作。(我们)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室里工作，有时要用科学设备，有时要见当地的人们和游客，但我从来不感到厌烦。虽然我的工作偶尔也有危险，但是我并不介意，因为危险能使我感到兴奋并且让我充满活力。然而，关于我的工作，最重要的是，我保护普通人免受火山的威胁。而火山是世界上最具威力的事物之一。二十年前，我被任命为一名到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作的火山学家。我的工作是为一个数据库收集有关基拉韦厄火山的信息，这座火山是夏威夷最活跃的火山之一。收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。我们的工作救了许多人的生命，因为熔岩要流经的地方的人们会被提醒离开他们的家园。遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流经之路，因此许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。[先读通]Whenboilingrockeruptsfromavolcanoandcrashesbacktoearth,itcauseslessdamagethanyoumightimagine.ThisisbecausenoonelivesnearthetopofMountKilauea，wheretherocksfall【5】．Thelavathatflowsslowlylikeawave⑪downthemountaincausesfarmoredamagebecauseitburieseverythinginitspathunderthemolten⑫rock.【6】However,theeruptionitselfisreallyexcitingtowatchandIshallneverforgetmyfirstsightofone.ItwasinthesecondweekafterIarrivedinHawaii.Havingworkedhardallday，Iwenttobedearly.Iwasfastasleep⑬whensuddenlymybedbeganshakingandIheardastrangesound，likearailwaytrainpassingmywindow.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready，Ididn'ttakemuchnotice.Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.IranoutofthehouseintothebackgardenwhereIcouldseeMountKilaueain