2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 The world of colours and li

语法图解SectionⅣGrammar&Writing单元语法——非谓语动词(Ⅰ)探究发现①HereweareinLondonatlast!②AuntreallyenjoyedFranceandsodidgrandmaandI.③Itwasalotoffunbecauseinthedormitorywerelotsofpeoplefromdifferentplaces.④Hardlyhadweleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadleftourmapintheroom.⑤Mayourfriendshipliveforever!⑥OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.⑦HadIbeeninformedearlier,Icouldhavedonesomething.⑧Soeasyisitthatachildcanlearnit.⑨Youngasheis,heknowsalot.○10Theregoesthebell.[我的发现](1)完全倒装是全部移到主语前(主语是代词时例外)；部分倒装是只将谓语动词的一部分(如be动词、助动词或情态动词)放在主语前面，其余部分仍然在主语之后。上面例句中，句是完全倒装；句是部分倒装。(2)因为主语是，故句①不使用倒装。(3)only修饰且位于句首时，句子用倒装结构。(4)as表示“”时，引导的状语从句用，这时as可用though代替。谓语动词③⑩②④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨代词状语虽然，尽管倒装结构一、完全倒装完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词完全置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。1．here,there,out,up,down,away,now,then等副词置于句首，谓语动词为be,come,go,live,run,stand等时，且主语为名词时，句子应用完全倒装。ThencamethenewsthatDavefelldownwhenhurdlinginthecompetition.消息传来，大卫在比赛中跨栏时摔倒了。Upwenttherocket.火箭升了上去。[名师点津]若主语是代词，则主谓不倒装。Herehecomes.他来了。[即时演练1](1)单句语法填空①(江苏高考改编)—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet...Look,there(come)therestofourguests!(2)单句改错②Thereareabookandapenonthetable.③Therestandsourteacherwhenwewerechatting.comeare→isstands→stood或were→are2．当句首的状语为表示地点、时间和方向等的介词短语，且主语为名词时，句子应用完全倒装。BetweenthetwowindowshangsalargemapofChina.在两扇窗户之间挂着一幅很大的中国地图。[即时演练2]句型转换①Atalltreestandsbetweenthetwobuildings.→Betweenthetwobuildings.②Thesoundofmusiccamefromthewindow.→Fromthewindow.standsatalltreecamethesoundofmusic3．表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋be＋主语”。(1)形容词＋be＋主语PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授以及许多其他的客人。(2)分词＋be＋主语Gonearethedayswhentheywilldowhattheylike.他们可以随心所欲的日子过去了。Growingalloverthemountainarewildflowers.漫山遍野长满了野花。(3)介词短语＋be＋主语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.这些商品里有圣诞树、花、蜡烛和玩具。(4)such(这样的人或物)＋be＋主语Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.这就是他给我讲的故事。[即时演练3](1)用动词be的适当形式填空①Suchwhathehasfound,apurse,twobooksandsomefood.②Suchhe,adevotedandkindman.areis(2)用倒装结构翻译句子③树下是一位老人和一群孩子。④山上有很多漂亮的鲜花。⑤出席了会议的有刘老师，他教我们英语。Underthetreeareanoldmanandagroupofchildren.Onthehillsaresomebeautifulflowers.PresentatthemeetingwasMrLiu,whotaughtusEnglish.二、部分倒装只把谓语的一部分(多为情态动词或助动词)置于主语之前的句子，为部分倒装。1．疑问句中，将助动词(或情态动词)置于主语之前，构成语法倒装。HaveyouvisitedvanGogh'sbirthplace?你游览过凡·高的出生地吗？Whatfeelingsdoesthepainterwanttoexpressthroughtheuseofcolours,lightandshade?通过色彩、光线和阴影的运用，画家想表达什么样的感情？2．句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,undernocircumstances,notuntil...等时，句子采用部分倒装。Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.无论在哪里你都不会找到这个问题的答案。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。3．在句型notonly...butalso,hardly/scarcely...when,nosooner...than等中，若否定词放在句首，则要使用部分倒装。Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhenhisfatherstoppedhim.他刚开口说话就被父亲制止了。Notonlydidhemakeapromise,butalsohekeptit.他不仅许诺了，也坚守了承诺。4．so,neither,nor开头的句子用这些词表示“也”、“也不”时，句子要部分倒装。TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。Ifyoudon'tagree,neitherwillI.如果你不同意，我也不同意。[即时演练4](1)单句语法填空①Notonlythenurseswantapayincrease,buttheywantreducedhoursaswell.②(陕西高考改编)NosoonerMoYansteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.dohad(2)句型转换③Hewenttothecinemayesterday.→tothecinemayesterday?④Wecangiveuphalfwayundernocircumstances.→Undernocircumstancesgiveuphalfway.⑤Hedidn'trealizethathehadwastedtoomuchofhistimeuntilhefailedasecondtime.→Notuntilhefailedasecondtimethathehadwastedtoomuchofhistime.⑥Iwillnevercomebacktotheplace.→comebacktotheplace.DidhegocanwedidherealizeNeverwillI(3)一句多译我一进房间，电话铃就响了。⑦(nosooner...than)⑧(hardly...when)NosoonerhadIenteredtheroomthanthetelephonerang.HardlyhadIenteredtheroomwhenthetelephonerang.5．“only＋状语”在句首时，要使用部分倒装。Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.叫了三次，他才来参加会议。[名师点津]如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.病得很重时，他才卧床休息。[即时演练5](1)单句语法填空①(天津高考改编)OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficesherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.(2)完成句子②只有这样我们才能按时完成任务。finishthetaskontime.③只有在他失去机会时，才意识到这件事的重要性。Onlywhenhelostthechanceofthismatter.didOnlyinthiswaycanwedidherealizetheimportance6．as,though引导的倒装句。as/though引导的让步状语从句常将表语、状语或谓语动词提前(即将形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。但需注意：(1)句首名词不能带冠词。(2)句首是实义动词，则其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。[即时演练6](1)单句语法填空①(全国卷改编)Tryshemight,Suecouldn'tgetthedooropen.②Strangeitseems,itistrue.(2)句型转换③Althoughheisyoung,heisveryconsideratetoothers.→,heisveryconsideratetoothers.as/thoughYoungas/thoughheisas/though7．so/such...that句型中的so/such位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.他说话的声音很大，以致隔壁屋的人都能听见。SuchalovelytoydidhebuymethatIwasverythankfultohim.他给我买了这么可爱的一个玩具，我非常感激他。[即时演练7](1)单句语法填空①(山东高考改编)Sosuddentheattackthattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.②SoclearlyhespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.(2)句型转换③ItissuchagoodbookthatIwanttobuyit.→thatIwanttobuyit.Suchagoodbookisitwasdoes8．在虚拟条件句中从句谓语部分有were,had,should时，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，从句采用部分倒装结构。WereIyou,Iwouldn'thavesuchagoodchanceslip.如果我是你，我不会让这么好的一个机会溜走的。Hadyouattendedthegraduateceremony,Ishouldhaveseenyou.要是你参加了毕业典礼，我就会见到你了。9．在may表示祝愿的句型中常