2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 5 Cloning Section Ⅳ Grammar

SectionⅣGrammarModule5Cloning虚拟语气(Ⅰ)1．(教材P62)Ifyou____________(be)headofthegovernment,wouldyouallowcloning?答案：were2．Ifshehadbeenherefiveminutesearlier,she____________(see)heroldfriend.答案：wouldhaveseen3．Ifit____________(be)sunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.答案：weretobe/were/shouldbe4．____________(have)Iworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.答案：Had5．Wereshemydaughter,I____________(notallow)hertostudyabroad.答案：wouldn’tallow6．Iftheyhadstartedearlyyesterdaymorning,they____________(be)herenow.答案：wouldbe语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的意图或态度。英语中有陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、假想或建议。主句条件状语从句与过去事实相反would/could/might＋have＋过去分词had＋过去分词与现在事实相反would/could/might＋动词原形一般过去时(be动词常用were)与将来事实相反would/could/might＋动词原形一般过去时/should＋动词原形/weretodo虚拟语气在条件句中的用法◆(2018·北京卷)Theymighthavefoundabetterhoteliftheyhaddrivenafewmorekilometers.(与过去事实相反)如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。◆(北京卷)Wewouldbebackinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.(与现在事实相反)如果你没有把地图丢了的话，我们现在就回到旅馆了。◆(安徽卷)Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifsheweretolivethere,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.(与将来事实相反)格蕾丝不想搬到纽约，因为她认为如果住在那里，她就不能经常看到她的父母了。1．虚拟条件句的省略与倒装若if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had，were，should时，省略if，可以把had，were，should放在句首，使用倒装语序。◆(2017·江苏卷)Wereitnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.如果没有老师的帮助，这个学生可能克服不了她的困难。◆(江苏卷)ItmighthavesavedmesometroublehadIknowntheschedule.要是早知道时间表的话，可能会省去我一些麻烦。虚拟条件句的特殊情况2．错综时间条件句如果主句和从句是对不同时间的事实的虚拟，则被称为错综虚拟语气。此时主句常有明显的时间状语。◆Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldrecoveralready.如果他遵照医生的劝告，现在病就好了。3．含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这叫含蓄虚拟语气。常用的这类词或短语有：without(要是)没有；butfor要不是；otherwise/or否则等。◆(2017·天津卷)—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?——你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？—Yes.Otherwise,Iwouldn’thavebeenabletoreachheryesterday.——是的，不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。◆(江苏卷)ManyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbutforThomasEdison.要不是托马斯·爱迪生，我们现在从中获益的很多东西就不会存在。本单元主要讲虚拟语气用于wish后的宾语从句。wish后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气一般分三种情况：用法宾语从句中谓语动词的形式对现在情况的假设一般过去时(be动词常用were)对过去情况的假设had＋过去分词对将来情况的假设would/could/might＋动词原形虚拟语气用于宾语从句◆Iwishyouwouldbemorerespectfultoyourfather.我希望你对你父亲更尊敬些。◆Shehasleftfortwoyears,andIwishIhadseenheroffatthestation.她已经离开两年了，我多么希望去车站为她送行过。Ⅰ单句语法填空1．(2018·天津卷)Ifwe____________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.答案：hadcaught2．(2017·北京卷)Ifthenewsafetysystem____________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.答案：hadbeenput3．(2016·天津卷)Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,I____________(injure)．答案：wouldhavebeeninjured4．(2016·江苏卷)Ifit____________(notbe)forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.答案：hadnotbeen5．(安徽卷)Itisluckywebookedaroom,orwe____________(have)nowheretostaynow.答案：wouldhave6．IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore，he____________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetternow.答案：wouldbe7．IwishI____________(be)asingernowandthatI____________(sing)allovertheworldinthefuture.答案：were；would/couldsing8．Withoutyourhelp,we____________(notfinish)theworkaheadoftime.答案：couldn’t/wouldn’thavefinished9．Iwasbusythatday.Otherwise,I____________(come)tohelpyou.答案：wouldhavecome10．Peterwishesthathe____________(study)lawinsteadofliteraturewhenhewasincollege.答案：hadstudiedⅡ单句改错1．Ifitrainedtomorrow,theywillnotgoforapicnic.____________________答案：will→would2．IfIhaveknownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.____________________答案：第一个have→had3．IwishIhadachancetotalktoyoulastnight,butyouleftsoearly.____________________答案：在had前加had4．Butforhishelp,Icannothavesolvedtheproblem.______________________答案：can→could5．IfIamyou,IwouldgotoShanghaitowatchthefootballmatchnow.____________________答案：am→wereⅢ语法与写作1．我希望我有一天能飞到月球去。IwishI____________________________________________oneday.答案：could/wouldflytothemoon2．要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。Withoutyourinstruction,______________________________．答案：Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress3．如果我是一个超人，我会做我想做的任何事情。If________________________，I________________Ilike.答案：Iwereasuperman；woulddoanything4．如果我听从了父亲的建议，我会做得更好。IfI________________myfather’ssuggestion,Iwouldhavedoneitbetter.答案：hadtaken5．如果你事先做好准备，现在就不至于那么被动。Ifyou__________inadvance,you_____________________insuchanawkwardpositionnow.答案：hadprepared；wouldn’tbe