定时开关插座的设计与制作.

桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）报告用纸第I页共Ⅳ页摘要随着家用电器的越来越普及和人们生活节奏的加快，人们对电器的依赖性进一步提高，对电器的定时需求也进一步增大。定时开关插座可用于电饭煲、饮水机、电视机、电脑、电动车电池的充电、定时开关电热毯等需要定时供电的场合。定时开关插座的使用能够做到节能、安全、方便等。本文介绍了一种基于AT89S52单片机的定时开关插座设计方案。该系统是通过AT89S52的定时器0和定时器1实现时钟的24小时制或者100小时制的时钟走时，并通过液晶12232显示出来。继电器的通、断通过比较继电器控制变量ray的值来确定。定时时间的开始或者停止是通过每分钟比较一次开始时间数组begin和结束数组end来确定，并在开始时对ray进行加1操作，在结束时对ray进行减1操作(ray的值不会出现负值)；当ray为0时继电器开关断开，非0时接通。通过控制继电器的通断可以达到控制插座通断的目的。本文首先介绍定时开关插座设计要实现的功能，接着阐述系统电路的设计及原理说明，包括设计方案选择、关键元器件介绍、电路设计说明（包括电源电路、键盘、单片机控制电路、液晶12232显示、继电器工作电路）软件设计流程以及系统的测试。最后总结了定时开关插座设计完成的任务，分析系统的不足并提出了系统的应用展望。关键词：定时开关；继电器；AT89S52单片机；液晶12232。桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）报告用纸第II页共Ⅳ页AbstractWiththeincreasingpopularityofhomeappliancesandthePeoplelivingrhythmspeedingup,thedependenceofpeopleonelectricalappliancesfurthertoimprove,thedemandoftimingalsobecomefurtherincreasing.Sockettimerswitchcanbeusedintheoccasionswhereneedforregularsupplysuchasricecookers,waterdispenser,TV,computer,electricvehiclebatterycharging,timerswitchelectricblankets.Theuseofsockettimerswitchcanbeenergysaving,safe,healthy,andconvenientandsoon.ThisarticlepresentsatimerswitchsocketdesignwhichisbasedontheAT89S52microcontroller.Thesystemisimplementedtheclock24-hourclockor100-hourtraveltimebyTimer0andTimer1ofAT89S52,anditisdisplayedthroughtheLCD12232.Relaylinks,brokenbycomparingthevalueoftherelaycontrolvariablestodeterminetheray.Itistobedeterminedthestartingorstoppingofregulartimebycomparedperminuteastarttimewithbeginandanendarraywithend,atthebeginningoftheraytoaddanoperation,attheendoftheminus1ontherayaction(ray’svaluedoesnotanegative);whenrayis0relayswitchoff,non-0connected.Offbycontrollingtherelaysocketcanbecontrolledon-offpurposes.Thispaperintroducesthefunctionwhatthetimerswitchsocketdesignshouldachievefirstofall,andthendescribesthecircuitdesignandprinciplesofthesystemdescription,includingdesignchoices,concerningcomponentdescription,circuitdesigndescription(includingthepowercircuit,keyboard,singlechipcontrolcircuit,LCD12232display,therelayoperatingcircuit),softwaredesignandtestingofthesystem.Finally,itwillsumupthetimerswitchsocketdesignthetasksshouldbecompleted,analyzesystem’sdeficienciesandproposethesystem’sapplicationprospect.Keywords：Timerswitch;Relays;AT89S52SCM;LCD12232.桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）报告用纸第III页共Ⅳ页目录引言...........................................................................................................................................11设计要求及构思............................................................................................................21.1设计要求..........................................................................................................................21.2设计构思..........................................................................................................................22设计方案分析确定........................................................................................................32.1系统框图..........................................................................................................................32.2开关的选择......................................................................................................................32.3显示方式选择..................................................................................................................42.4时钟的实现及单片机的选择..........................................................................................42.5电源部分的选择..............................................................................................................42.6按键控制部分的实现......................................................................................................53主要元器件原理及其应用..........................................................................................53.1继电器介绍......................................................................................................................53.1.1继电器的继电特性...................................................................................................53.1.2继电器工作原理及特性...........................................................................................63.1.3继电器主要产品技术参数.......................................................................................73.1.4继电器的选用...........................................................................................................73.2单片机AT89S52介绍.....................................................................................................83.3液晶LCD12232介绍......................................................................................................94系统硬件电路设计......................................................................................................104.1电源电路........................................................................................................................104.2单片机最小系统及液晶显示........................................................................................124.3继电器驱动电路............................................................................................................134.4键盘电路........................