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第一讲语法填空题型一有提示词类第二节非谓语动词母题探究栏目导航题组集训限时训练[单句语法填空]1.(2019·高考全国新课标卷I)Scientistshaverespondedby(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.noting【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→谓语是haveresponded,所给动词(note)在介词by后→考查非谓语动词。②句意:科学家们作出回应说,饥饿的北极熊也许会聚集在人类居住地周围,让人们产生错觉,认为北极熊比实际数量要多。→非谓语动词表方式状语,用现在分词。③尝试解答:noting2.(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid1980s,andareexpensive(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→谓语是havebeenemployed和are,所给动词在形容词后→考查非谓语动词。②句意:自20世纪80年代中期以来,人们就在使用现代的方法来跟踪北极熊的种群数量,这些方法在很大范围内连续执行起来非常昂贵。→非谓语动词作主语补足语,用不定式。③尝试解答:toperformtoperform3.(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans(retire)fromher36yearoldbusiness.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→谓语是declared,所给动词在名词后→考查非谓语动词。②句意:引以为豪的Irene在摘得“终身成就奖”后,她宣称自己还没有从已经从事了36年的事业中退休的打算。→非谓语动词作后置定语,用不定式。③尝试解答:toretiretoretire4.(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshortlisted,wethoughtitwasajoke.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→谓语是got,所给动词在名词后→考查非谓语动词。②句意:当我们接到一个电话说她入围时,我们认为这是一个玩笑。→非谓语动词作后置定语,逻辑主语acall与say是主动关系,用现在分词。③尝试解答:sayingsaying5.(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice(improve)waterquality.6.(2017·高考北京卷改编)Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonline(save)theirvaluabletime.7.(2017·高考江苏卷改编)ManyChinesebrands,(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.8.(2017·高考北京卷改编)Jimhasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytime(spend)withhisstudents.toimprovetosavehavingdevelopedspent9.(2018·高考天津卷改编)Ittookhimalongtime(acquire)theskillsheneededtobecomeagooddancer.10.(2018·高考天津卷改编)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographs(take).11.(2018·高考江苏卷改编)Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,(exceed)theexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.12.(2017·高考天津卷改编)Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain(catch).toacquiretakenexceedingtocatch13.(2017·高考北京卷改编)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,(rang)frombutterfliestoelephants.14.(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.15.(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ)Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16yearoldSarahisnotspendinghalfterm(rest).ranginglayingresting16.(2016·高考北京卷改编)(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.17.(2016·高考北京卷改编)Newlybuiltwoodencottageslinethestreet,(turn)theoldtownintoadreamland.18.(2016·高考浙江卷改编)Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I'dlikeyoutolookatastudy(conduct)inAustraliain2012.Orderedturningconducted□点石成金非谓语动词:不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词和过去分词)以及它们的被动式和完成式等。现在分词表主动进行;过去分词表被动完成;不定式表将来。同时,动名词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语和定语;现在分词和过去分词可作定语、状语、宾语补足语和表语;不定式可作主语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。1.根据句意和所填词在句子中的位置及作用,确定其所充当的句子成分,从而确定空格内所需填入的非谓语动词的形式。如果非谓语动词表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系则用v.ing形式或不定式的主动式;若为动宾关系则用v.ing形式的被动式、不定式的被动式或过去分词。2.非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,用过去分词或v.ing形式/不定式的完成式;如果同时进行,用v.ing形式或不定式的进行式;如果非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后则用不定式的一般式。非谓语动词所表示的时间是一个相对时间,即相对于谓语动词的时间而言。tohavedone,havingdone表示该动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生;tobedoing,doing强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生。常用句式:1.形容词或过去分词作表语时,后面可接不定式。常见词有:happy,lucky,glad,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,surprised,ready,delighted,clever,foolish,pleased,fortunate,right等。2.在“主语+系动词+表语(形容词)+todo”结构中,不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有:easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous等。3.独立成分generallyspeaking一般来说franklyspeaking坦白地说judgingfrom/by…根据……来判断taking…intoconsideration考虑到……totellyouthetruth说实话seeing鉴于/由于……supposing假设,如果assuming假使provided(that…)如果4.几组容易混淆的词forgettodosth.忘记要做某事doingsth.忘记已经做过某事regrettodosth.对即将要做的事表示遗憾未做doingsth.对做过的事表示后悔已做trytodosth.尽力去做某事doingsth.试着做某事goontodosth.继续做另一件事doingsth.继续做原来在做的事remembertodosth.记得去做某事未做doingsth.记得做过某事已做meantodosth.打算做某事doingsth.意味着……5.make,let,have和get后接复合宾语的比较(1)make+宾语+do让……做……宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系done让……被做宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系(2)let+宾语+do让……做……宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系bedone让……被做宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系(3)have+宾语+dosth.使……做某事doingsth.使……持续做某事宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系done使……被做宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系(4)get+宾语+todo使……做……doing使……开始做……宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系done使……被做宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系6.with复合结构withsb./sth.doing表主动且进行,或表特征sth.done表被动且完成,或表状态sth.todo表示将来Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2019·云南玉溪一中二调)Nowlinguistsaretakingactiontopreventthisincredibleculturalheritagefrom(disappear).2.(2019·山西新绛汾河中学月考)Atthe41stsessionoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageCommittee(hold)inPoland,HohXilwasapprovedasanewworldheritagesite,becomingthe51stworldheritagesiteinChina.3.(2019·内蒙古赤峰二中月考)Afternoontea,(design)asalightsnacktobridgethegapbetweenlunchanddinner,datesbacktothe1840s.disappearinghelddesigned4.(2019·河北衡水中学二调)Theministerpredictedthatthecountry'sindustrialoutputwouldbelikely(grow)byaround6percentnextyear.5.(2018·高考北京卷改编)Ordinarysoap,(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.6.(2018·高考北京卷改编)DuringtheMidAutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether(share)ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.7.(2018·高考北京卷改编)(travel)alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestinga
本文标题:(新课标)2020高考英语二轮总复习 第一讲 语法填空 题型一 有提示词类 1.1.2 非谓语动词课
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