英语专业四级测试_TEM4_听写中的听力策略研究

2007年第5期总第25卷(总第94期)毕节学院学报JOURNALOFBIJIEUNIVERSITYNO.5,2007Vo.l25GeneralNo.94:2007-06-04:(1975),,,,:(TEM4)张炼(贵州大学外国语学院,贵州贵阳550025):英语听写能全面地反映一个人的总体语言水平,考察其多方面的语言能力和知识它既是重要的综合性测试手段,同时也是一种积极的创造性的学习过程把握好听力策略中的认知策略元认知策略和社会/情感策略等三大策略,在针对专业四级英语听写中的教学中,能为学生提供有效的策略指导和培训,引导学生形成既适合自己又富有成效的学习策略系统,从而提高学生运用听力策略的能力,促进其语言技能的提高:专业四级测试;英语听写;听力策略;问卷调查分析;访谈:H310.42:A:1673-7059(2007)05-0077-07,,,30%,,:,,,,20A.Hughes[1]!Oller.Jr.[2],Oller,,,,,A.Harrison[3]:∀#,:1995719967,,(SpotDictation)(CompoundDictation),19971(TEM4),,,,Oller,,,,∃77∃(learnerstrategies),,,[4][5]TEM4:,10,,,,,,,,,,,;[6][7][8][9],,,∀#∀#,,,Rubin[10]Stern[11]10,[12],[13],Oxford[14],O%MalleyandChamot[15]RodEllis[16],O%Malley&Chamot,/19,,/,,112320063126,,,,,,,2(1)问卷调查10,/(2)访谈/,,SPSS13.0,20%20%∃78∃SPSS13.0:表1听写成绩与听力策略各项的相关系数Pearson%sCorrelation()Significance(2-tailed)()0.1073.0890.4956.0000.3621.0080.5012.0000.4029.0020.3547.0100.3718.0040.3405.0060.5418.0000.0023.176表2高分组与低分组的策略使用比较(%)(%)20.211.444.734.542.333.847.935.343.134.638.629.444.936.241.432.747.534.818.510.9,,/(1)元认知策略VanesAhraham[17]1990,,,O%Malley&Chamot,RubinThompson[18],,,,:,;∃79∃;,,0.1073,.0890,,,(20.2%,11.4%),,,,,,[19],,:;,,,,,,,,,,,,0.4956,0.36210.5012;0.000,0.008,0.000,,(44.7%),,(34.5%),,,,,,,,,,,M.A.K.Halliday(metafunction)(textualfunction),,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,[20],,,,∃80∃(2)认知策略,L2,L2,,L2(word-basedstrategy),(38.6%),(29.4%),,,(43.1%),,(34.6%),,,(44.9%),;(36.2%),,,,,,,,,,:0.4029,0.3547,0.37180.3405;0.002,0.010,0.004,0.006,L2,,,O%MalleyESL,:(ineffectivelisteners),Bullard,,,,,,,L2,L2,,(initialeffect)(recencyeffect),L2,,,,[21],L2,,,,,,,,,(41.4%),,(32.7%),,,,,(3)社会/情感策略,/∃81∃,∀#,∀,#,,,,(),,,,0.0023,0.176,,,,0.5418,0.000,,,(47.5%),,(34.8%),,,KrashenTerrel[22],,(incomprehensibleinput),(comprehensibleinput),Krashen,,i+1(comprehensibleinput),,,(takein),[23],,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1]Hughes.A.TestingforLanguageTeachers[M].CambridgeUniversityPress,1989.[2]Oller.Jr.LanguageTestsatSchool[M].LongmanGroupLimited,1979.[3]Harrison.A.LanguageTestingHandbook[M].MacmillaPress,1983.[4]O%Malley,J.M.LearningstrategyapplicationswithstudentsofEnglishasasecondlanguage∃82∃[J].TESOLQuarterly1985,(3):557-84.[5]张艳莉.语用测试之听写及TEM4考试[A].邹申.英语语言测试理论与操作论文集[C].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1998.[6]赵一农,王义.英语专业四级考试(TEM4)听写刍义[J].广东外语外贸大学学报,2001,(3).[7]孙硕.大学英语听写错误评析[J].国际关系学院学报,2000,(2).[8]赵国梅.对听写在英语教学中的综合评价[J].解放军外国语学院学报,1997,(4).[9]王宇.关于中国非英语专业学生听力策略的调查[J].外语界,2002,(5).[10]Rubin.Whatthegoodlanguagelearnercanteachus[J].TESOLQuarterly,1975,(9):41-57.[11]Stern.Whatcanwelearnfromthegoodlanguagelearner[J].CanadianModernLanguageReview,1975:31.[12]文秋芳.英语成功者与不成功者在学习方法上的差异[J].外语教学与研究,1995,(3).[13]马广惠.高分组学生低分组学生在学习策略上的差异研究[J].外语界,1997,(2).[14]Oxford.R.LanguageLearningStrategies:WhatEveryTeacherShouldKnow[J].NewburyHouse,1990.[15]OM'alley,Chamo.tLearningStrategiesinSecondLanguageAcquisition[J].CambridgeUniversityPress,1990.[16]EllisR.TheStudyofSecondLanguageAcquisition[J].OxfordUniversityPress.1994.[17]Vann.R.J.&R.CAbraham.StrategiesofUnsuccessfulLanguageLearners[M].London:PrenticeHallInternationa,l1990:118-126.[18]Rubin&Thompson.ImprovingListeningComprehensioninRussian[R]ReporttoInternationalResearchandStudiesProgram,U.S.DepartmentofEducationWashington.D.C.1993.[19]NunanD.Strategytraininginthelanguageclassroom:anempiricalinvestigation[J].RELC.Journa,l1997,(2):56-77.[20]WatersM.Studyskillsandstudycompetence:Gettingtheprioritiesrights[J].ELTJourna,l1992(7):264-272.[21]王宇.策略训练与听力理解[J].外语与外语教学,2000,(2).[22]Karashen,S.D.&Terrel,lT.D.TheNaturalApproachLanguageAcquisitionintheClassroom[M].Oxford:PergamonPress&SanFrancisco:AlemanyPress,1983:168.[23]李炯英.中国学生二语学习策略的观念与运用[J].外语教学,2002,(1):42-49.AStudyonEnglishMajors'EnglishListeningStrategyofDictationinTEM4ZHANGlian(CollegeofForeignLanguageStudies,GuizhouUniversity,Guiyang550025,China)Abstract:Dictationcanreflectquiteaccuratelyandcomprehensivelythelearner'sgenerallanguageproficiency,abilityandknowledge.ItisnotonlyanimportantmeansinEnglishtesting,butalsoapositive,creativelearningprocess.ThispaperaimsatinvestigatingtheissuesofthedictationinTEM4,cognitivestrategy,metacognitivestrategyandthesocial/affectivestrategyareexplored,offeringeffectivestrategyinstructionandtraining,guidingthestudentstoformtheirsuitableandeffectivelearningstrategysysteminordertoenhancetheirabilityofhandlingthestrategiesmasterfullyandpromotetheimprovementofthelanguagecompetence.Keywords:TestforEnglishMajors;EnglishDictation;ListeningStrategies;QuestionnaireAnalysis;Interview∃83∃