2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 Unit 5 Languages around the wor

1SectionⅣDiscoveringUsefulStructures——限制性定语从句(2)一、关系副词引导的定语从句1.when引导定语从句[合作探究]IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstsawyou.→IwillneverforgetthedayonwhichIfirstsawyou.我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。[自主发现1]when引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示时间的名词，when在从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词in/at/on/during...＋which”结构。2.where引导定语从句[合作探究]AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewupasachild.→AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltowninwhichhegrewupasachild.在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。Theaccidenthasreachedtothepointwhereboththeirparentsaretobecalledin.事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。[自主发现2](1)where引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示地点的名词，where在从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词in/at...＋which”结构。2(2)关系副词where表示“地点的模糊化”。当先行词表示某人/物的situation，或某事发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用关系副词where。常见的先行词还有point，case，position，condition等。3.why引导定语从句[合作探究]Unsuccessfulpeoplecanalwaysfindreasonswhythey’renotdoingwell.→Unsuccessfulpeoplecanalwaysfindreasonsforwhichthey’renotdoingwell.不成功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。[自主发现3]why引导定语从句时，从句的先行词通常是reason，why在从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for＋which”结构。[名师提醒]表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。Idon’tbelievethereason(that/which)hegavemeforhisbeinglate.我不相信他给出的迟到的理由。[巩固内化1](1)用适当的关系词填空①Thisistheplacewhereweheldapartylastweek.②Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm?③Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.④Iwon’tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.⑤Thisistheplacethat/whichwevisitedlastyear.⑥Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight?(2)同义句转换⑦I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheparty.→I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheparty.⑧Thereasonforwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.→Thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.⑨ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.→ThehouseinwhichIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.3二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。[合作探究]YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(befamousfor“因……而出名”)Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(withthecamera“用照相机”)ThebossinwhosecompanyMrKingworkedheardabouttheaccident.金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(intheboss’company“在老板的公司”)Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.(withoutthecolorlessgas“没有这种无色气体”)这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。[自主发现4]选用介词的依据(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。(3)根据句子的意思来选择。[巩固内化2]用“介词＋关系代词”填空①ThisisthemanwithwhomIjustshookhands.②NoneofusknowthereasonforwhichTomwasabsent.③Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?④ThereisabigwindowthroughwhichIcanseetherailwaystation.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.2.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedtogether.3.Thereasonthat/whichheexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.44.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedhistrain.5.Keepthebookinaplacewhereyoucanfinditeasily.6.Thisisthehousewhich/thatwasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.7.Thedayswhentheytravelledtogethermeantalottohim.8.Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyshedidn’tgototheparty.Ⅱ.补全句子1.Ithinkthereasonwhyyouarealwaysangrymaybethehighpressureofstudy.我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。2.Thedaywhen/onwhichhisfatherreturnedfromabroadisthehappiestdayintheboy’slife.父亲从国外回来的那一天是这个男孩一生中最幸福的一天。3.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyherefusedthewell-paidjob.我不知道他为什么拒绝了这份高薪的工作。4.Theyhavecometoanimportantstagewheretheymustdecide.已经到了他们必须做出决定的重要阶段。5.Thehousewhichwasdestroyedintheterriblefirehasbeenrepaired.那间在大火中被毁坏的屋子已经被修好了。Ⅲ.用适当的关系词补全短文Childrenarealwayshappyontheday1.whensummervacationbegins.Theythinkabouttheplans2.that/whichtheyhaveforthesummer.Somechildrengotoa-daycamp3.which/thatisneartheirhome.Attheendoftheday，theycangohome.Otherkidschoosetogotoacampinthecountry4.wheretheyareinstructedbycampcounselors.Thesecounselorsareoftencollegestudents5.who/thataretryingtoearnalittleextramoneyduringtheirsummervacation.Somekidsgotospecialized(专业的)camps.Theretheycanimproveaparticularskillorlearnanewhobby6.which/thattheyareinterestedin.Thisisthereason7.whyspecializedcampsarepopularwithbothparentsandkids.Therearesomekids8.whoseparentstakethemonatripinacar.Theyoftenvisitstateandnationalparks.5