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-1-SectionⅢGrammar——过去完成时语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟①Bythe1920s,hehadbecomeanexplorer,searchingforthetombsoftheEgyptiankings.②IreturnedthebookthatIhadborrowed.③Upontheirenteringthetomb,Cater'sluckypetbird,whichhehadleftinCairo,wasswallowedbyasnake.④Then,afewmonthsafterCarterhadopenedthetomb,LordCarnarvon,whowasalsopresentwhenthetombwasopened,fellillwithafeveranddiedinEgypt.⑤Hesaidhehadworkedinthatfactorysince1949.⑥IhadbeenatschoolforhalfanhourwhenLiLeicame.1.过去完成时的构成:had+过去分词。2.过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前已经完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”如句①②③④。3.过去完成时可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻,如句⑤⑥。一、过去完成时的构成过去完成时由“had+过去分词”构成。二、过去完成时的用法1.过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态。可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可通过上下文来表示。Whentheexplorerhurriedtothedestination,theothershadalreadyleft.当这名探险者匆忙赶到目的地的时候,其他人已经离开了。Bynineo'clocklastnight,wehadgotten200picturesfromthespaceship.到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到飞船发来的200张图片。[即时演练1]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Ihadfinished(finish)myhomeworkbeforesupperwasready.②Theplayhadstarted(start)whenwegottothetheatre.-2-③BytheendofJunetheyhadtreated(treat)over10,000patients.2.表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for,since构成的时间状语连用。Hetoldusthathehaddonethescientificresearchfor5years.他告诉我们他做科学研究已经5年了。3.动词think,want,hope,mean,plan,intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。Ihadneverthoughtthatyouwerecontenttohelpme.我从未想过你愿意帮我。Wehadhopedtobeabletocomeandseeyou.我们本来希望能来看看你。[即时演练2]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Ihadplanned(plan)tomeetyouattheairport,butsomeonecametoseemejustwhenIwasabouttoleave.②Ihadwanted(want)tolendyousomemoney,butyoudidn'task.③Ihadmeant(mean)tovisityou,butanunexpectedthinghappened.4.过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。Hesaidthathehadknownherwell.他说他对她很熟悉。[即时演练3]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Hetoldmethathisteamhadalreadywon(win).②Shesaidthatshehadn'tgone(notgo)totheGreatWallyet.5.在状语从句中,在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在前,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。常由when,before,after,assoonas,till/until引导。WhenIwokeup,ithadalreadystoppedraining.我醒来时,雨已停了。[名师点津]before,after引导的时间状语从句中,由于before和after本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句多用一般过去时。AfterhearrivedinEngland,heworkedhardtoimprovehisEnglish.他到达英格兰之后,努力提高他的英语水平。[即时演练4]完成句子①她直到把工作做完才睡觉。-3-Shedidn'tgotobeduntilshehadfinishedherwork.②读完那本有趣的小说之后,我就上床睡觉了。IwenttobedafterIfinishedreadingtheinterestingnovel.③不久他就安然无恙地回来了。Itwasnotlongbeforehecamebacksafeandsound.6.过去完成时的常用固定句型(1)主语+hadhardly/scarcely(nosooner)+过去分词+when/than从句(从句用一般过去时);当hardly,scarcely,nosooner表示否定意义的词位于句首时,主句要倒装。Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.=NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorain.我刚到家就下雨了。(2)Itwas+一段时间+since从句(从句用过去完成时)ItwasatleastthreemonthssinceIhadleftBeijing.我离开北京至少有3个月了。(3)Itwasthefirst/second/...time+(that)从句(从句用过去完成时)ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadchattedonlineinEnglish.那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。(4)主句(过去完成时)+bythetime...(一般过去时)Wehadgoteverythingreadybythetimetheyarrived.在他们到达之前,我们已经做好一切准备了。(5)句子(过去完成时)+bytheendof...(表示过去的时间)Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearnedEnglishatleastforfouryears.到上个学期末,我们至少已经学了四年英语。[即时演练5](1)句型转换①IhadhardlyseenherwhenIgotoffthebus.→HardlyhadIseenherwhenIgotoffthebus.②Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshewentaway.→Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanshewentaway.(2)用所给动词的适当形式填空③ItisthesecondtimethatIhavevisited(visit)China.④ItwasthefirsttimeIhadgone(go)abroad.7.过去完成时和一般过去时的区别(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,而过去完成时则表示在过去某一时间-4-或动作之前已经完成的动作或状态,即“过去的过去”。当强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时,常用过去完成时。Wehadreachedthestationbeforeteno'clock.10点钟之前我们已到达了车站。(2)过去完成时与一般过去时都可以和确定的、表示过去的时间状语连用,但意义有所不同。Hehaddonetheworkatsixo'clock.在6点钟的时候他已经完成了那项工作。Hedidtheworkatsixo'clock.他是在6点钟的时候做那项工作的。[即时演练6]完成句子①他来这儿之前在一所中学教英语。HehadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolbeforehecamehere.②他回到家,突然意识到他把钥匙落在车上了。Hegothomeandsuddenlyrealizedhehadlefthiskeyinthecar.8.过去完成时和过去完成进行时的区别过去完成进行时强调动作的持续性,过去完成时表示在过去某一具体时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,强调动作已结束这一事实。Theyhadbeenbuildingtheroadbytheendoflastmonth.到上个月月底为止,他们一直在修建这条路。Theyhadbuilttheroadbytheendoflastmonth.上个月月底,他们已建好了这条路。[即时演练7]用所给动词的适当形式填空①WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshehadbeenlying(lie)there.②Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechildrenhadeaten(eat)everything!Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Iwishshehadtaken(take)themedicinelastnight.2.ItwasthreeyearssinceJackhadbeen(be)ateacher.3.Nosoonerhadhegot(get)homethanItoldhimtheinspiringnews.4.Wemustgettheworkfinished(finish)beforethehurricanecomes.5.Myclassmatesaidhehadgiven(give)thebooktotheEnglishteacher.-5-6.Theyhadlearnt/learned(learn)about2,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.7.Hesaidhewouldgotoseetheplay,althoughhehadseen(see)itbefore.8.Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbegun(begin)tomakealivingbyhimself.9.ThoughitwasthefirsttimethatIhadvisited(visit)thesmalltown,Ifellinlovewithitatonce.10.—Wheredidyougoonholiday?—Ihadhoped(hope)togotoHawaii,butIdidn'tcatchtheplaneintime.Ⅱ.完成句子1.我们前天本打算来看你的,但我们太忙了。Wehadintendedtocomeandseeyouthedaybeforeyesterday,butweweretoobusy.2.我觉得很难听懂这个讲座,因为我到的时候它已经开始了。IfoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseithadstartedwhenIarrived.3.当问到他为什么再次迟到时,他说他没有赶上平常坐的那班公共汽车。Whenaskedwhyhewaslateagain,hesaidthathehadn'tcaughttheregularbus.4.她刚刚睡下门铃就响了。Hardly/Scarcelyhadshegonetobedwhenthebellrang.5.我正在给一大群人做演讲,这个演讲我已经给六个其他团体做过了。Iwasgivingatalktoalargegroupofpeople,whichIhadgiventohal
本文标题:2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 Amazing people Section Ⅲ Gr
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