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1Unit20NewFrontiers【导读】《红字》是美国浪漫主义小说家纳撒尼尔·霍桑的代表作品。女主人公海丝特跟丈夫从英国移居到美国的波士顿,途中丈夫被印第安人俘虏。只身来到美国后,海丝特被青年牧师丁梅斯代尔诱骗怀孕。虚伪的清教徒社会视此事为大逆不道,为此州长亲自主持了对海丝特的审讯。作为惩罚,她要终生佩带象征耻辱的红色的A字并游街示众。在受尽屈辱的处境中,海丝特孤苦顽强地生活着,她唯一的支柱是女儿珠儿……ThePrisonDoor(Excerpt)Athrongofbeardedmen,insadcolouredgarments,andgrey,steeplecrownedhats,intermixedwithwomen,somewearinghoods,andothersbareheaded,wasassembledinfrontofawoodenedifice,thedoorofwhichwasheavilytimberedwithoak,andstuddedwithironspikes.Thefoundersofanewcolony,whateverUtopiaofhumanvirtueandhappinesstheymightoriginallyproject,haveinvariablyrecogniseditamongtheirearliestpracticalnecessitiestoallotaportionofthevirginsoilasacemetery,andanotherportionasthesiteofaprison.Inaccordancewiththisrule,itmaysafelybeassumedthattheforefathersofBostonhadbuiltthefirstprisonhousesomewhereinthevicinityofCornhill,almostasseasonablyastheymarkedoutthefirstburialground,onIsaacJohnson'slot,androundabouthisgrave,whichsubsequentlybecamethenucleusofallthecongregatedsepulchresintheoldchurchyardofKing'sChapel.Certainitisthat,somefifteenortwentyyearsafterthesettlementofthetown,thewoodenjailwasalreadymarkedwithweatherstainsandotherindicationsofage,whichgaveayetdarkeraspecttoitsbeetlebrowedandgloomyfront.TherustontheponderousironworkofitsoakendoorlookedmoreantiquethananythingelseintheNewWorld.Likeallthatpertainstocrime,itseemednevertohaveknownayouthfulera.Beforethisuglyedifice,andbetweenitandthewheeltrackofthestreet,wasagrassplot,muchovergrownwithburdock,pigweed,appleperu,andsuchunsightlyvegetation,whichevidentlyfoundsomethingcongenialinthesoilthathadsoearlybornetheblackflowerofcivilisedsociety,aprison.But,ononesideoftheportal,androotedalmostatthethreshold,wasawildrosebush,covered,inthismonthofJune,withitsdelicategems,whichmightbeimaginedtooffertheirfragranceandfragilebeautytotheprisonerashewentin,andtothecondemned2criminalashecameforthtohisdoom,intokenthatthedeepheartofNaturecouldpityandbekindtohim.Thisrosebush,byastrangechance,hasbeenkeptaliveinhistory;butwhetherithadmerelysurvivedoutofthesternoldwilderness,solongafterthefallofthegiganticpinesandoaksthatoriginallyovershadowedit—orwhether,asthereisfairauthorityforbelieving,ithadsprungupunderthefootstepsofthesaintedAnnHutchinson,assheenteredtheprisondoor—weshallnottakeuponustodetermine.Findingitsodirectlyonthethresholdofournarrative,whichisnowabouttoissuefromthatinauspiciousportal,wecouldhardlydootherwisethanpluckoneofitsflowers,andpresentittothereader.Itmayserve,letushope,tosymbolisesomesweetmoralblossom,thatmaybefoundalongthetrack,orrelievethedarkeningcloseofataleofhumanfrailtyandsorrow.狱门(节选)一群身穿黯色长袍、头戴灰色尖顶高帽、蓄着胡须的男人,混杂着一些蒙着兜头帽或光着脑袋的女人,聚在一所木头大扇子前面。房门是用厚实的橡木做的,上面密密麻麻地钉满大铁钉。新殖民地的开拓者们,不管他们的头脑中起初有什么关于人类品德和幸福的美妙理想,总要在各种实际需要的草创之中,忘不了划出一片未开垦的处女地充当墓地,再泽出另一片土地来修建监狱。根据这一惯例,我们可以有把握地推断:波士顿的先民们在谷山一带的某处地方修建第一座监狱,同在艾萨克·约翰逊地段标出头一块垄地几乎是在同一时期。后来便以他的坟茔为核心,扩展成王家教堂的那一片累累墓群的古老墓地。可以确定无疑地说,早在镇子建立十五年或二十年之际,那座木造监狱就已经因风吹日晒雨淋和岁月的流逝而为它那狰狞和阴森的门面增加了几分晦暗凄楚的景象,使它那橡木大门上沉重的铁活的斑斑锈痕显得比新大陆的任何陈迹都益发古老。像一切与罪恶二字息息相关的事物一样,这座监狱似乎从来不曾经历过自己的青春韶华。从这座丑陋的大房子门前,一直到轧着车辙的街道,有一片草地,上面过于繁茂地簇生着牛蒡、茨藜、毒莠等等这类不堪入目的杂草,这些杂草显然在这块土地上找到了共通的东西,因为正是在这块土地上早早便诞生了文明社会的那栋黑花——监狱。然而,在大门的一侧,几乎就在门限处,有一丛野玫瑰挺然而立,在这六月的时分,盛开着精致的宝石般的花朵,这会使人想象,它们是在向步入牢门的囚犯或跨出阴暗的刑徒奉献着自己的芬芳和妩媚,借以表示在大自然的深深的心扉中,对他们仍存着一丝怜悯和仁慈。由于某种奇异的机缘,这一丛野玫瑰得以历劫而永生;至于这丛野玫瑰,是否仅仅因为原先严严实实地遮藏着它的巨松和伟橡早已倒落,才得以在古老而苛刻的原野中侥幸存活,3抑或如为人深信不疑的确凿证据所说,当年圣徒安妮·哈钦逊踏进狱门时,它便从她脚下破土而出,我们不必费神去确定。既然我们要讲述的故事要从这一不祥的门口开篇,而拾级在门限处一眼便可望见这丛野玫瑰,我们怎能不摘下一朵玫瑰花,将其呈献给读者呢!但愿这株玫瑰花,在叙述这篇人性脆弱和人生悲哀的故事的进程中,能够象征道德之花的馥郁,而在读完故事阴晦凄惨的结局时,仍可以得到一些慰藉。[知识积累]1.assemblev.聚集;集合2.allotvt.拨给;分配3.inaccordancewith与……一致4.congregatedadj.聚集的5.congenialadj.意气相投的[文化链接]小说揭露了19世纪资本主义发展时代美国社会法典的残酷、宗教的欺骗和道德的虚伪。该小说不仅是美国浪漫主义小说的代表作,同时也被称作是美国心理分析小说的开创篇。
本文标题:2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 20 New Frontiers英美文化欣赏讲义 北师大版
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