2019年高中英语 Module 2 The Renaissance Section Ⅰ Intro

1Module2TheRenaissanceAhiddenportraitunderneath(在……下面)the“MonaLisa”hasbeendiscoveredbyaFrenchscientist,whosaidheuncoveredtheimageusingreflectivelighttechnology.ThedigitallyreconstructedimageofthehiddenportraitwaspresentedatapressconferencebyscientistPascalCotte,who'sbeenanalyzingtheLeonardodaVinci'smasterpieceforoveradecade.Cottesaidheuncoveredtheimageusingacamerathattookimagesofthepaintingunderintenselight.Thehiddenportraitshowedasittingfigurethatlooksalmostthesameasthe“MonaLisa.”Therearesmallbutgreatdifferences.Thesitterintheimageappearstobelookingtothesideratherthandirectlyattheviewer,andthesitterdoesnotseemtohavethesmilethathasattracted“MonaLisa”viewersforover500years.Cottealsosaidthathisfindingschallengedthewidelyacceptedtheorythatthe“MonaLisa”isapaintingofareallifeItalianwomanLisaGheradiniinthe16thcentury.“TheresultschangeourvisionofLeonardo'smasterpieceforever，”hesaid.“WhenIfinishedthereconstructionofLisaGherardini,Iwasinfrontoftheportrait,andsheistotallydifferentto‘MonaLisa’today.Thisisnotthesamewoman.”Inarecentdocumentary,arthistorian,AndrewGraham­Dixon,saidhestudiedhistoricaldocumentslinkedtothe“MonaLisa”alongsideCotte'sfindingsandcametothesameconclusionasCotte.“Ithinkthenewdiscoveriesarelikeahugestonethrownintothestillwaterofarthistory，”Graham­Dixonsaid.“Theydisturbeverythingthatwethoughtthatweknewaboutthe‘MonaLisa’．Theremaybesomereluctance(不情愿)onthepartoftheauthoritiestothinkaboutchangingthetitleofthepaintingbecausethat'swhatwe'retalkingabout.It's‘Goodbye,MonaLisa.’Sheissomebodyelse.”TheLouvreMuseumdeclinedtocommentonthefindings,sayingitwasnotapartofthescientificteamthatstudiedthepainting.OtherarthistoriansremaindoubtfulabouttheclaimsthatCotte'sfindingscouldprovethe“MonaLisa”wassomeoneelseratherthanLisaGheradini.Section_ⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre­reading2[原文呈现]TheRenaissance①Formanypeople,theRenaissancemeans14thto16thcenturyItaly,andthedevelopmentsinartandarchitecture,musicandliteraturewhichtookplacethereatthattime②.Butthereisoneworkwhich,perhapsmorethananyother,expressesthespiritoftheRenaissance③：theMonaLisa.Itisbelievedtobethebestexampleof④anewlifelike⑤styleofpaintingthatamazed⑥peoplewhenitwasfirstused⑦.PaintedbyLeonardodaVinciintheyears1503－1506⑧，theMonaLisaisamysterious⑨masterpiece⑩.PeoplewanttoknowwhoMonaLisais,andwhysheissmiling⑪.EvenifpeopledonotknowmuchabouttheRenaissance⑫，theyhaveheardofthispainting.[读文清障]①renaissance/rI'neIsəns/n.(文艺的)复兴②which引导定语从句，修饰developments。③which引导定语从句，修饰onework。④Itisbelievedtobe...“它被认为是……”，此处的it指代theMonaLisa。⑤lifelikeadj.栩栩如生的，逼真的⑥amazev．使大为惊奇，使惊愕⑦that引导定语从句，修饰painting；该从句中含有一个when引导的时间状语从句。⑧过去分词短语作状语。⑨mysteriousadj.神秘的⑩masterpiecen．杰作，名作，佳作，代表作(＝masterwork)⑪and连接两个宾语从句。⑫Evenif引导让步状语从句。文艺复兴[第1段译文]对于很多人来说，文艺复兴指的是14－16世纪时期的意大利，及其当时出现在艺术、建筑、音乐以及文学领域方面的发展。但有一件作品可能比其他的任何作品都更能表达文艺复兴的精神——《蒙娜·丽莎》。它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表，这种绘画风格首次被使用就使人们惊叹不已。《蒙娜·丽莎》由莱奥纳多·达·芬奇于1503到1506年间绘制而成，是一件神秘的杰作。人们想知道蒙娜·丽莎是谁，她又为什么在笑。即便是对文艺复兴了解不多的人，他们也都听说过这幅作品。ButtheRenaissanceis,ofcourse,morethan⑬justMonaLisa.RenaissanceisaFrenchwordwhichmeans“rebirth”⑭anditfirstappearedinEnglishinthe19thcentury.Thewordwasusedto⑮describeaperiodinEuropeanhistorywhichbeganwiththearrivalofthefirstEuropeansinAmerica⑯，anageofexploration,and3thebeginningofthemodernworld.ItwasasifEuropewaswakingup⑰afterthelongsleepoftheMiddleAges⑱.FromItaly,theideasoftheRenaissancerapidlyspread⑲northwards⑳toFrance,Germany,England,andtherestofEurope.Tradewithotherpartsoftheworldmeant○21thatEuropewasgettingricher,too.Thismeantthatpeoplehadmoneytospendonthearts○22；anditbecameeasierforartiststofindpeoplewhocouldaffordto○23buytheirworksoremploythem○24.LeonardoworkedforimportantpeoplesuchastheDukeofMilan,and,towards○25theendofhislife,theKingofFrance.⑬morethan不仅仅；很，非常，十分nomorethan不过，仅仅notmorethan至多，不超过⑭which引导定语从句，修饰先行词aFrenchword。⑮beusedtodosth.被用来做某事beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事⑯which引导定语从句，修饰aperiod。⑰wakeup醒来，觉醒，唤醒，弄醒⑱asif引导表语从句。⑲spreadv．伸展，蔓延，扩散⑳northwardsadv.向北southwardsadv.向南eastwardsadv.向东westwardsadv.向西○21meanv．意思是，意味着○22动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰money。○23affordtodo承担得起去做……；抽得出时间去做……○24it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语；who引导定语从句，修饰people。○25towardsprep.接近，靠近[第2～3段译文]但是，文艺复兴当然不仅仅只是《蒙娜·丽莎》。“Renaissance”是一个法语单词，意为“再生”，于19世纪首次出现在英语中。这个词被用来描绘随着首批欧洲人抵达美洲而开始的那段欧洲历史，这是一段探险的历史，也是现代世界史的开端。仿佛欧洲在经历了中世纪的长眠之后，就要苏醒过来了。从意大利开始，文艺复兴的观念很快向北传遍了法国、德国、英国以及欧洲其他地方。,与世界其他地方的贸易意味着欧洲也正在变得更加富裕。也就是意味着人们有钱来花费在艺术上，对于艺术家来说想要找到人来购买他们的作品或者雇用他们也就变得更加容易。莱奥纳多为一些重要的人物工作过，比如米兰的公爵，接近晚年时他曾经为法国国王工作过。4Renaissanceartistsfoundnewideasfortheirworkinclassical○26GreeceandRome.Buttheylookedforward○27，too,byopeningnewfrontiers○28inthearts.Paintersdiscoveredhowtouseperspective○29andtheeffectsoflight;composersputdifferentvoicestogetherandcreatedpolyphony○30(“manyvoices”);architectspreferred○31designingbuildingswithmorelightwhichcontrasted○32withtheheavinessoftheGothiccathedrals○33oftheMiddleAges.Thesenseofexplorationwhichmotivated○34theartists○35wenthandinhand○36withanewtypeofphilosophy.Aftercenturiesofacceptingamedievalworldview○37inwhichhumanlifewasconsideredoflittlevalue○38comparedwiththegreatnessofGod○39，philosophe