2020届高考英语二轮复习 写作中的高级表达 妙记5 如何筛选靓丽句型——定语从句学案

-1-妙记5如何筛选靓丽句型——定语从句句型2吸引眼球的定语从句定语从句的正确使用能够比较明显地反映出考生对于语言具有较高的掌握能力，所以建议考生一定要在写作中至少使用一个恰到好处的定语从句。一、定语从句的类型1．关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which,as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。①Secondly,youwillmakesomegoodfriendswhoarealsointerestedinplayingtabletennis.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)第二，你会交到一些好朋友，他们也很喜欢打乒乓球。②WhatIwanttostressisthatIhavealreadybeenavolunteerforthe13thNationalGameswhichwillbeheldattheendofAugustinTianjin.(2017·天津高考书面表达)我想强调的是我已成为八月底将在天津举办的第十三届全运会的志愿者。③Asyousee,theChinesepeoplearehard­working.你知道，中国人民是勤劳的。2．关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句是指when,where,why引导的定语从句。①WearetomeetonSundaymorninginthePeople'sPark,wheretheairisfreshandthesceneryisbeautiful.我们将于星期天上午在人民公园见面，那里空气新鲜，风景美丽。②Ithinkthereasonwhyyouarealwaysangrymaybethehighpressureofstudy.(2014·安徽高考满分作文)我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句Materialcollectingtookusawholeweek,duringwhichweinterviewedourteachersandtookpicturesofeveryaspectofschoollife.(2017·北京高考书面表达)搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面。[即时演练]用适当的关系词填空1．(2017·浙江高考应用文写作)Ourscienceteacherwillserveasourguide,whoisexpectedtotellussomethinginterestingabouttheTiantaiShan.-2-2．(2017·天津高考书面表达)Asyouknow,thefinalexamofthistermisaroundthecorner,forwhichIamkindofbusypreparing.3．(2016·天津高考单选)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.4．(2015·福建高考满分作文)Onlythosewhosparenoefforttoconfrontproblemscanachievewhattheylongfor.5．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)Duringholidayseasons,Iwillliveinthecountryside,whereairisfreshandpeoplearefriendly.二、定语从句的常用句型1．Asweallknow.../Asisknowntoall...“众所周知……”Asweallknow/Asisknowntoall,Chinaisstilladevelopingcountry.众所周知，中国还是一个发展中国家。2．Assb.putsit...“按照某人所说的……”Asheoftenputsit,universityeducationdeterminesone'sfuture.按照他常说的，大学教育决定一个人的命运。3．such...as...“像……这样的；诸如此类的……”Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。4．thesame...as.../thesameas...“像……一样的”Hermannerandattitudestowardshimwerequitethesameasshehadalwaysbeen.她对他的方式和态度与以前完全一样。5．oneofthe＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中的一个”TomisoneoftheboyswhoarefromtheUSA.汤姆是来自美国的男孩之一。6．theonlyoneofthe＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中唯一的一个”Mr.GreenwastheonlyoneoftheworkersthatwasinvitedtoBeijing.格林先生是这些工人中唯一一个被邀请去北京的人。[即时演练]补全句子1．(2015·福建高考满分作文)我们大家都知道，这幅画讲述的是古代中国的一个故事。As_we_all_know,_thepicturetellsastoryofancientChina.2．他缺乏科学家所必须具备的头脑。Hedoesn'tpossesssuch_a_mind_asisnecessarytoascientist.3．长城是吸引大批游客的世界著名建筑之一。-3-TheGreatWallisone_of_the_world­famous_buildings_that_attractlotsofvisitors.三、定语从句写作时需避免的几种情况1.误用关系词误：IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.正：IliveinBeijing,whichisthecapitalofChina.误：Ihaveafriend,who'snameisLiuMei.正：Ihaveafriend,whosenameisLiuMei.2．句子成分残缺误：ThereweremanystudentstookpartintheEnglishcompetition.正：ThereweremanystudentswhotookpartintheEnglishcompetition.误：Thelastoneleavestheclassroompleaseclosethewindows.正：Thelastonewholeavestheclassroompleaseclosethewindows.3．有多余的代词或副词误：Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,thatasadboystandsbetweenhisangryparents.正：Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,asadboystandsbetweenhisangryparents.误：Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupthereinmychildhood.正：Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupinmychildhood.4．混淆定语从句与并列句误：Infact,smokingisabadhabit,itdoesgreatharmtopeople'shealth.正：Infact,smokingisabadhabit,which/anditdoesgreatharmtopeople'shealth.误：Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,itdidn'thelp.正：Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,which/butitdidn'thelp.[即时演练]单句改错1．TherearethreepeopleinmyfamilyandI'mtheonlyonechild,whoisverycommoninChinesefamilies.who→which2．Travellingabroad,youshouldfollowthecustomsofthecountrywhereyouarevisiting.去掉where或where→which/that3．Remember,youcantakethecontestinChinaDailynewspaper,thatisverypopularamonghighschoolstudents.that→which4．Iwillneverforgetthedayonthatwewenttobuyguitarsintheguitarstore.that→which-4-5．Whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamarkthatyouhaveaquestion.that→where6．Onthethirdfloortherearetworooms,oneofthemisusedasameetingroom.them→which7．ThecouplewillflytoFrancefortheirhoneymoonontheirfirststop,whichtheyplantostayforthreedays.which→where或在which前加in8．Igavethatboysodifficultamathproblemwhichhecouldn'tworkout.which→as