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1第二节非谓语动词1.Scientistshaverespondedby(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案noting解析考查非谓语动词。介词by后应用v.ing形式作宾语,故填noting。2.A90yearoldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for(be)Britain’soldestfulltimeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.(2019·全国Ⅱ)答案being解析考查非谓语动词。介词for后应用v.ing形式作宾语,故填being。3.Butsomestudentsdidn’twant(wear)theuniform.(2019·6月浙江)答案towear解析考查非谓语动词。want后加不定式作宾语,构成wanttodosth.“想要做某事”。故填towear。4.Istillremember(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.(2018·6月浙江)答案visiting解析考查动名词作宾语。rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事。5.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof(die)earlybyrunning.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案dying解析考查非谓语动词。介词of后接动词时要用其动名词形式,故填dying。6.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeelchallenged.(2018·全国Ⅲ)答案looking解析考查非谓语动词。avoid后接动名词作宾语。avoiddoingsth.避免做某事。7.Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案eating解析考查非谓语动词。表示方式的介词by后接动名词作宾语。故填eating。28.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.(2017·全国Ⅱ)答案laying解析考查非谓语动词。included后的dig,lay,build是三个并列的动作,根据digging及building可知,lay也应用动名词形式。9.ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2017·全国Ⅲ)答案toprove解析考查固定搭配。wanttodosth.想要做某事,为固定搭配。1.介词后跟v.ing构成介宾结构:by/of/from/with/without/after等。2.需加v.ing作宾语的动词(词组):avoid,enjoy,finish,admit,consider,escape,advise,suggest,mind,include,keep,recommend,practice,imagine,dreamof,setabout等。3.to为介词的短语:be/get/becomeusedtodoing习惯于beaccustomedtodoing习惯于beaddictedtodoing沉溺于;对……上瘾beopposedtodoing反对objecttodoing反对devoteoneselfto献身于;专心于bedevotedto致力于;忠诚于beadmittedto被……录取;准许进入leadtodoing导致contributetodoing贡献;导致;促进lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事sticktodoingsth.坚持做某事beequaltosth.胜任做某事haveaccessto有接近(某物的)方法attachgreatimportancetodoingsth.重视做某事getdowntodoingsth.开始做某事thekey/approachtodoingsth.做某事的关键/方法whenitcomesto当谈到34.需加todo作宾语的动词:agree,afford,attempt,choose,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,manage,offer,pretend,plan,promise,refuse,want,wish,wouldlike等。接todo与v.ing含义有区别的动词:①trytodosth.尽力做某事/trydoingsth.试着去做某事②meantodosth.打算去做某事/meandoingsth.意味着做某事③regrettodosth.遗憾要去做某事/regretdoingsth.后悔做了某事④remembertodosth.记得要去做某事/rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事⑤forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事/forgetdoingsth.忘记做过了某事⑥stoptodosth.停下去做别的事/stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事⑦goontodosth.接着做另外的事/goondoingsth.继续做原来的事⑧can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住/忍不住做某事/can’thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事/havenochoicebuttodosth.别无选择只能做某事1.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans(retire)fromher36yearoldbusiness.(2019·全国Ⅱ)答案toretire解析考查不定式作定语。此处用todosth.作后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”,故填toretire。2.Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshortlisted,wethoughtitwasajoke.(2019·全国Ⅱ)答案saying解析考查非谓语动词。动词say与其逻辑主语acall之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处用现在分词作后置定语,故填saying。3.Onthelastdayofourweeklongstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.(2019·全国Ⅲ)答案listening解析考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为“wereinvited”,所以listen应用非谓语动词形式。we与listento之间是主动关系,故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题,and后的meetinginterestinglocals为分词形式,故空格处填listening。4.Nervously(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.(2019·北京)4答案facing解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词作状语,非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语I,主语I与动词face之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。5.EarthDay,(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.(2019·北京)答案marked解析考查非谓语动词。句意为:地球日即4月22日,是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。根据句意以及句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词作定语;动词mark与EarthDay之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词作定语。6.(enjoy)theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.(2019·江苏)答案Toenjoy解析考查非谓语动词。句意为:为了享受电子支付的方便,很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。分析句子结构可知,这里表示目的,故用不定式作目的状语。故选A。7.China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries(recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs.(2019·江苏)答案recognizing解析考查with复合结构。分析句子可知,此处是with复合结构,动词recognize与其逻辑主语countries之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。8.China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案feeding解析考查非谓语动词之现在分词。China与feed是主动关系,所以用“连词+现在分词”形式作状语。9.Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme(stay)andwatch.(2018·全国Ⅲ)答案tostay解析考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事,为固定搭配。10.Ordinarysoap,(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.(2018·北京)答案used解析因为句子中已有谓语动词,故此处要用非谓语动词形式。句子的主语与use之间是被动关系,因此应用过去分词,即过去分词作状语,usedcorrectly相当于ifitisusedcorrectly5这个条件状语从句的省略形式。句意为:普通的肥皂,如果使用得当,可以有效地清除细菌。11.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph(take).(2018·天津)答案taken解析句意为:我需要一个新护照,因此我得去让人给我照相。本题考查havesth.done结构,意为“让别人做某事,让……被做”。myphotograph与take之间是被动关系,故需用take的过去分词形式。12.Theyarerequired(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案toprocess解析考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。requiresth.todosth.需要某物做某事,此处用了被动语态结构,所以填动词不定式toprocess作主语补足语。1.非谓语动词和其逻辑主语构成一定的关系:v.ing表示主动、进行;v.ed表示被动、完成,todo表将来。①非谓语作定语,逻辑主语是所修饰的名词。②非谓语作状语,逻辑主语往往是句子的主语。③非谓语作宾补,逻辑主语是宾语。2.提分小诀窍:
本文标题:(浙京津鲁琼专版)2020版高考英语大二轮复习 专题一 语法填空 第二部分 语法精析 第二节 非谓语
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