2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 Great Scientists Section Ⅳ

-1-SectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage课前预习检测单词识记1.construct(vt.)建设；修建→construction(n.)建设；建筑物2．contribute(vt.&vi.)捐献；贡献→contribution(n.)贡献3．positive(adj.)积极的；肯定的→positively(adv.)积极地4．spin(vi.&vt.)(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)5．move(v.)移动；搬动→movement(n.)移动6．enthusiastic(adj.)热情的；热心的→enthusiasm(n.)热心；热情7．cautious(adj.)小心的；谨慎的→cautiously(adv.)小心地→caution(n.)谨慎8．reject(v.)拒绝→rejection(n.)拒绝9．universe(n.)宇宙；世界→universal(adj.)宇宙的；全世界的；普遍的10．responsible(adj.)有责任的→responsibility(n.)责任心；责任短语完形1.apart_from除……之外；此外2．be_strict_with对……严格的3．come_to_an_end结束4．be_enthusiastic_about对……热心/充满热情5．lead_to导致；通向6．make_sense讲得通；有意义7．take_in吸收；理解；欺骗8．work_on从事；致力于；努力提高9．at_times有时；偶尔10．contribute__to有助于；对……做出贡献；捐助语篇理解根据课文内容填空NicolausCopernicuswasfrightenedandhismindwas__1__(confuse)whenallhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusion__2__theearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Onlyifyouputthesunthere__3__themovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.Yethedidn'ttellanyoneabouthistheoryasthepowerfulChristianChurchwould__4__(punish)him.TheybelievedGodhadmadetheworld__5__theearthwasspecialandmustbethecenterofthesolarsystem.In1514-2-heshowedit__6__(private)tohisfriends.Buthedidn'twant__7__(attack)bytheChristianChurch,soheonlypublisheditashelay__8__(die)in1543.NowCopernicus'theoryisthebasis__9__whichallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.Peoplecanseethatthereis__10__directlinkbetweenhistheoryandtheworkofIsaacNewton,AlbertEinsteinandStephenHawking.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________答案：1.confused2.that3.did4.havepunished5.and6．privately7.tobeattacked8.dying9.on10.a课堂合作探究TheLanguagePointsofLearningaboutLanguage1．Lookatthesesimpleverbsandmakeanotherconstructionusingmake＋a＋noun.(教材P4)看这些简单动词并用“make＋a＋noun”构成另一个结构。constructionn.[U]建设；[C]建筑物-3-①ChinaandASEANare_constructinga21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoadtopromotemaritimecooperation.中国与东盟正在构建一条21世纪的海上丝绸之路以便促进海上合作。②Thegovernmentannouncedthatalargenumberoflow­renthouseswere_under_construction.政府宣布大量的廉租房正在建设中。③Theskyscraperwas_constructedentirelyfromconcreteandglass.这座摩天大楼全是由混凝土和玻璃构成的。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Thelocalgovernmentraisedalargesumofmoneyforhighway________(construct)．答案：construction(2)单句写作Mostofthefactories__________________havebeen________bytheChinesedesigners.这些建设中的工厂大多数都是由中国设计师设计的。答案：underconstruction;designed2．contribute(教材P4)contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；有助于①Shewouldtrytopersuadelocalbusinessleaderstocontribute_tothecause.她会竭力说服当地的商界领袖们捐助这项事业。②Medicalnegligencewassaidtohavecontributed_toherdeath.据说医护人员的玩忽职守导致了她的死亡。③Thisbookcontributeslittletoourunderstandingofthissubject.本书对我们了解这门课程助益甚小。-4-④Thosewhohavemade_great_contributions_tohumanbeingsandsocietywillneverbeforgotten.那些为人类和社会做出巨大贡献的人将永垂不朽。【即景活用】单句写作①Thiscompany________￡100,000________thecharity.这家公司向这个慈善机构捐赠了100,000英镑。②Freshairandexercise______________goodhealth.新鲜的空气和锻炼有益于健康。③Hemadeagreat______________thesuccessoftheproject.他为这个项目的成功作出了很大的贡献。答案：①contributed;to②contributeto③contributiontoTheLanguagePointsofUsingLanguage1．Iwillneedtobe/become_strict_with...(教材P6)我需要对……严格。be/becomestrictwithsb.对某人严格/严厉①Be_strict_withoneselfandlenienttowardsothers.[谚语]严以律己，宽以待人。②Mymathematicsteacherisverystrict_ingrading.我的数学老师对评分很严格。-5-【即景活用】(1)用恰当介词填空Ourparentsareverystrict________us,butnevertoohard________us.答案：(1)with;on(2)单句写作①Tomatoesarenot,________speaking,vegetables.严格来说，西红柿并不是蔬菜。②Sheisverystrictnotonly__________allofus,but________allherownwork.她不仅对我们所有人都很严格，对她自己的工作要求也很严格。答案：①strictly②with;about/in[第1段]2．Only_ifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymake_sense.(教材P7)只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。Only＋if从句[剖析](1)此句为主从复合句。onlyif引导的条件状语从句置于句首，主句用倒装。(2)“only＋副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时，句子/主句需用部分倒装。名师点津(1)若only修饰的是主语，即使放在句首句子也不用倒装。(2)“only＋状语从句”放句首，注意是倒装主句，而不是状语从句。①Onlyonestudentisintheclassroom.-6-只有一个学生在教室里。②Only_thendidsherealizehowmuchdamagehadbeencaused.只有在那时她才意识到造成了多么大的损失。③Only_ifateachergivespermissionisastudentallowedtoentertheroom.只有得到老师的允许，学生才能进入这个房间。辨析：onlyif,ifonly【即景活用1】(1)单句语法填空(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Onlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussion________MsGarzafinallysayyes.答案：did(2)单句写作①________________linkthediseasetodrinkingwaterwillwedrawsuchaconclusion.只有我们把这种疾病与饮用水联系起来，我们才能得出这样的结论。②______________hadanotherchance.要是我再有一次机会就好了。答案：①Onlyifwe②IfonlyImakesense讲得通；有道理；有意义-7-①Thissentencedoesn'tmake_any_sense.＝Thissentencemakes_no_sense.这个句子完全讲不通。②Hedoesn'ttalkmuch,butwhathesaysmakes_sense.他话不多，但言之有理。③Canyoumake_sense_ofwhatthisauthorsays?你能弄懂这位作家讲的话吗？【即景活用2】单句写作①See,yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain!____________________________(……没有意义)tobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.②Planningsofarahead____________________(没有意义)—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.③Notuntiltheteacherexplaineditagain____________________________(我们才理解)thesentence.④___________________(做……没意义)regrettingwhathappenedyesterday.答案：①Itdoesn'tmakesense②makesnosense③didwemakesenseof④Thereisnosensein[第4段]3．Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwith_the_planets_going_round_it_and_only_the_moon_still_going_round_the_earth.(教材P7)他把太